The Prison Act of the Republic of China (R.O.C) was enacted in 1945. Although the Prison Act has amended several times, it doesn't allow prisoners of the R.O.C the right of access to the court until now. The Judicial system of R.O.C refused to review prisoner complaints regarding conditions of confinement as well.Before 20th century, both state and federal courts of the United States held that a prisoner had the status of a ”slave of the state”. Prior to the civil rights movement of the 1960s, the courts then came up to a more liberal rule that recognized that ”lawful incarceration brings about necessary withdrawal or limitation of many privileges and rights, a retraction justified by the considerations underlying our penal system”, which called the hands-off doctrine. Started from the 1960s, prisoners' rights movement boomed, federal courts became a welcome harbor for the incarcerated. However, prisoner success in federal litigation to reform prisons began to decline in the 1980s, the Congress passed The Prison Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PLRA) in 1996, which amended and supplemented the U.S. Code in a number of ways in order to restrict and discourage litigation by prisoners.This article introduces the significant provisions in the PLRA, including the prospective relief provisions, the exhaustion of administrative remedies provisions, the three strikes provisions, the emotional injuries provisions, and the in forma pauperis provisions. In brief, as we don't share the same historical background (the inmate litigation explosion) with the United States, and our legal system can achieve the same goal the PLRA pursues, the provisions mentioned above may not be the answer to our legal system.