To solve the problem of manpower shortages which occurred in the extension of localizing the self-directed health education learning project, this research intends to design a self-directed first-aid learning model for schoolchildren's mothers. There are three major purposes in this study: (1) Find out what kind of first-aid knowledge and skills are needed by school- children's mothers. (2) Testify the effectiveness of self-directed first-aid learning model. (3) Prove that the learning effects in small learning groups are the same, no matter whether they are supported by professionals with medical backgrounds, or not. To achieve these purposes, this research was carried out on 334 school- children's mothers at 3 elementary schools in Taipei county from 1996 to 1997. These mothers were divided into two groups. One was the experimental group which had 143 people, and the other was the control group with 191 people. The experimental group was further divided into the professional group (N=67) and the non-professional group (N=76). By adopting quantity and quality research methods, such as quasi-experimental designs, multiple-regressions, focus groups and content analysis, the experiment was carried out. The results show: (1) the first-aid knowledge and skills that schoolchildren's mothers needed was mostly about the first-aid of serious injuries, such as CPR, severe external injuries, heart diseases and sudden strokes. (2) The self-idrected first-aid learning model could really help the learner to self-evaluate first-aid skills, and increase first-aid knowledge, first-aid courage, and the SDLRS of first-aid. (3) All small learning groups, supported either by professionals or by non- professionals, shared the same learning effects.