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題名：團體諮商轉換階段之人際歷程與領導者介入策略分析研究
作者：許育光 引用關係
校院名稱：國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱：輔導與諮商學系所
指導教授：吳秀碧
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2005
主題關鍵詞：團體諮商；團體歷程；介入策略；人際歷程；自我揭露；人際互動；group counseling；group process；intervention strategies；interpersonal process；self disclosure；interpersonal interaction
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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本研究旨在探討團體諮商轉換階段之人際歷程，以及領導者於轉換階段所運用的介入策略。研究採取過程分析系統進行諮商團體口語互動逐字稿之文本內容分析，由七個均進行十次聚會之非結構諮商團體中選取歷程完整的兩個團體為研究對象。針對第二至五次團體單元中領導者介入策略與成員自我揭露，以及人際互動進行分析。領導者介入策略以人際歷程回憶的方式，於每次團體聚會後的一週內，收集領導者帶領團體的意圖、技術運用之自陳資料﹔成員人際歷程則採用「團體成員人際歷程量表」(IGIPS)，依據逐字稿進行內容編碼與分析。
研究結果發現，在諮商團體的轉換階段中，成員的自我揭露主題在特定的團體段落中由團體內經驗與事務之探討，轉為團體外經驗與事務的探討，且兩者有密集交錯情形；而帶有情緒表達則隨著較深度的自我揭露於轉換階段中後期開始出現；人際不敏感陳述的人際互動行為亦隨著團體歷程而漸減或間斷性的存在。其次，本研究以計量方式分析領導者於轉換階段之所有介入策略，並採取內容分析方法發現領導者在各重要人際歷程現象段落之介入策略。整合兩部分之研究結果發現，建立團體安全、促進關係發展與推進個人工作，為領導者於轉換階段之重要任務；而領導者在團體層次之介入策略為「團體互動規範的建立」與「催化團體歷程」；人際與團體層次為「促進團體人際聯結」與「人際技巧訓練」；人際與個別層次為「促進相互了解與支持」與「人際互動模式的覺察」；個人層次則為「協助成員形成個別目標」和「推進個人朝向開放與工作」。
研究統整相關發現對團體諮商實務、督導與訓練，以及後續研究進行討論與建議。
This study investigated the interpersonal process and the intervention strategies of group counselors used during the transition stage of group work. Systems of process analysis and content analysis were applied in the approach. Two counseling groups with complete process were selected as research subjects from seven. Each was conducted 10 sessions with interpersonal problem-solving as the primary goal. Identified the session two through five were used as the target stage, in which the intervention strategies used by the counselors, included intentions and techniques, were recorded by an application of the “Interpersonal Process Recall” (IPR) and were analyzed by trained researchers. Including members’ self disclosure and interpersonal interactions, the interpersonal process was analyzed with the coding system of “Individual Group Member’s Interpersonal Process Scale” (IGIPS).
Disclosing personal materials of inside-group designation were found to have high frequents in the early sessions. However, they were interacted with outside-group one in several periods of a certain session of the transition stage. From the middle to late transition stage, affect expression presented with deeply self disclosure, and the statements of interpersonal insensitivity decreased with the development of the group process or appeared un-regularly during those sessions. After all intervention strategies were analyzed and described by the statistic method. Within certain sessions having important changing of interpersonal process, these specially applied interventions were discovered by content analysis. Integrated from both results, safety building, relation developing and individual facilitating were found as most important tasks during the transition stage. The leaders’ intervention strategies used in transition stage could be divided into four dimensions:1) “group rules building” and “process facilitating” were the major interventions at group level, 2) “Interpersonal linking” and “interpersonal skill training” were those interventions focused on the interpersonal/group level, 3) “mutual understanding and supporting” and “interpersonal pattern awareness” were the interventions used at interpersonal/individual level, and 4) “goals clarifying” and “personal facilitating” were used as the main interventions at individual level
of a group process.
The implications and recommendations of these findings were discussed related to
practice, training and further research of group counseling.
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