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題名:開放式強制處遇團體之療效、反療效因素及其對男性婚暴者停止暴力的轉化歷程之初探研究
作者:鄭青玫 引用關係
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:輔導與諮商學系所
指導教授:蕭文
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2011
主題關鍵詞:婚暴療效因素反療效因素轉化歷程強制處遇團體marital violencetherapeutic factorsanti-therapeutic factorstransformative processesmandated treatment program
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本研究旨在了解開放式強制處遇團體之療效、反療效因素及其對男性婚暴者停止暴力的轉化歷程。以歷程質性研究設計,對四位研究對象進行隔週訪談的資料蒐集。研究發現:
一、療效因素為十三類,反療效因素為九類,對此結果再以認知、情緒、行為、領導
者向度為潛在歸類架構,療效因素依次數多寡結果,依序是認知向度、情緒向度、行為向度和領導者向度;反療效因素則是認知向度、行為向度、情緒向度、領導者不當向度。
二、療效和反療效因素隨團體階段發展呈現動態性消長關係;初階段個人所處的改變
階段立足點差異大,因此,研究對象之團體療效和反療效因素經驗個別差異大。中階段易出現團體衝突,大部分研究對象之反療效因素經驗會高於療效因素經 驗。末階段,會經驗更多療效因素而反療效因素經驗大多會減少,施暴者呈現愈加適應接納團體的現象。
三、停止暴力類別可分為三大類,依出現次數多寡依序是認知、行為和情緒轉化;惟並非每位研究對象皆出現情緒轉化。停止暴力為非線性的動態轉化歷程,可分為近前置改變階段、醞釀階段、邁向行動階段。惟並非每一位研究對象於團體結束時都會走向邁向行動階段,僅有增加承擔施暴責任之研究對象才會出現。
四、轉化歷程特徵
(一)經驗較多團體療效因素者,大多也出現較多停止暴力的正向轉化
(二)注意與面對問題成為轉化的起始特徵,此幫助近前置改變階段者往醞釀階段推進;關係需求(核心信念)選定人生方向是帶動改變的積極力量,為醞釀階段特徵;個人增加承擔施暴責任、介入高危互動模式是邁向行動階段特徵;整個停止暴力轉化歷程,評估得失一直扮演重要的角色。
五、團體外影響研究對象團體參與、停止暴力之生活事件
(一)影響研究對象自我揭露或投入程度之生活事件,包括法律強制懲罰、婚姻穩定性、團體與工作衝突、用酒問題和宗教信念等五類事件。影響利他行為之生活事件包括婚姻穩定性、團體前用酒行為、是否陷於多重的生活不利因素三類。
(二)團體外曾短暫負向影響停止暴力轉化生活事件包括法律強制懲罰、婚姻不穩定憂慮關係失落、妻的堅持、團體與工作衝突等因素;長期而言能正向影響停止暴力轉化因素包括法律因素、憂慮關係失落、妻的堅持、團體後反思。
據此,研究者對婚暴強制處遇團體工作及未來研究提出具體建議。
The research aims to investigate the therapeutic and anti-therapeutic factors of mandated batterer treatment program and the transformative processes of stopping -violence under the influences of this program. By means of the qualitative analysis, the data were collected from the interviews with four interviewees every other week and the findings are as follows:
1.The therapeutic factors are classified into 13 categories while the anti-therapeutic factors are classified into 9 categories. With the findings, we analyze them further according to the four dimensions of cognition, emotion, behavior, and leader as the potential classifying structures. The ranking of therapeutic factors in frequency sequence is cognitive dimension, emotional dimension, behavioral dimension, and the leader dimension while the ranking of the anti-therapeutic factors in frequency sequence is cognitive dimension, behavioral dimension, emotional dimension, and the leader dimension.
2.The therapeutic factors and the anti-therapeutic factors present the dynamic relationship of growth and decline through the phase development of treatment. During the beginning phase, the individual differences among research targets under the therapeutic factors and anti-therapeutic factors are obviously seen, because the research targets’ standpoints differ a lot. In the middle phase, more conflicts in treatment appear because the anti-therapeutic factors influence more than the therapeutic ones on most targets. During the final phase, however, the therapeutic factors influence more than the anti-therapeutic ones on the targets. These research targets shows need time to accept and get adapted treatment.
3.The factors of stopping-violence could be classified into three structures in appearing frequency sequence: the transformation of cognition, behavior, and emotion. However, not every research target shows the transformation of emotion structure. The processes of stopping-violence are non-linear with the near contemplative stage of change, brewing, and the action stage. At the end of the program, not every research target is led to the action stage but those who take the responsibility of stopping violence do.
4.The characteristics of the transformative process
(A)The research targets with more experiences of the therapeutic factors mainly show the positive transformation of stopping- violence.
(B)Noticing and facing the problems is the beginning characteristic of transformation, which helps the research targets in the near contemplative stage of change march into the stage of brewing. The need for relations(core beliefs) is the positive power to push the change and becomes the characteristic of the stage of brewing. The main characteristic of marching into action stage is that the individual takes the responsibility to stop violence and avoid the high-risk interaction pattern. Moreover, the evaluation plays a crucial role in the whole process of stopping violence.
5.The research of the participation of treatments and daily life events outside the program
(A)The daily life events that influence the self-disclosure and engagement toward the program of research targets includes the punishment of enforcing the law, the extent of marriage steadiness, the conflicts between program and work, the indulgence of alcohol, and the religious beliefs. The events that influence the altruistic behaviors include the extent of marriage steadiness, the indulgence of alcohol before participating in the program, and the multi-negative factors in life.
(B)Outside the program, the negative events that stop the transformation include the punishment of enforcing the law, personal worry about losing marital relation, persistence of the spouse, and the conflicts between program and work. In terms of the farther perspectives, the positive factors that help the transformation of stopping violence include the enforcement of laws, worry about the loss of marital relation, the persistence of the spouse, and self-introspection after the treatment program.
According to these findings, the researcher make recommendations and implications for the open mandated batterer treatment program and future research.
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