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題名:從卡爾.拉內之思想探討「人回歸奧秘」
作者:黃冠潔
作者(外文):HUANG, KUAN-CHIEH
校院名稱:輔仁大學
系所名稱:宗教學系
指導教授:武金正
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2018
主題關鍵詞:卡爾‧拉內奧秘還原/回歸奧秘超驗法還原法海德格奧秘匿名基督徒顯明基督徒Karl Rahnerreduction into mysterythe reductive methodtranscendental methodHeideggermysteryanonymous Christianexplicit Christian
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本文的目的是探討天主教神哲學家卡爾‧拉內(Karl Rahner, 1904-1984)思想中的「人回歸奧秘」為主。
  「回歸奧秘」(reduction in mystery, reductio in mysterium)亦作為「奧秘還原」,也就是「被引領回奧秘」(Being led back into mystery)。拉內認為,這個將「奧秘」「還原」的方式是最適合當代神學的方式。神學對他來說,可稱之為「奧秘的科學」(“science of Mystery”),應是與生活中一連串的片段、經驗與思想相結合,並直接關係到隱晦在奧秘中的啓示。至於人,人本身就是一個奧秘;藉由與生俱來可接收來自神聖奧秘的能力,不斷地在宇宙中尋覓著天主,同時也持續地朝著祂前進;而聖神則在生活中不斷地引導著人回歸神聖的奧秘。
  本文使用「基源問題研究法」,嘗試藉由拉內思想中的「奧秘還原」法為出發點,先從「超驗法」在哲學追求真理的方式說起,談到「還原」的意涵,引出拉內思想中的「奧秘還原」。第一部分是討論「還原」與「回歸奧秘」意涵。第二部分是談論拉內思想的淵源,基於拉內是位綜合哲學與神學的神哲學家,因此這部分將簡要地描述相關思想家和思想,以及探討拉內的神學人觀的思維。第三部分是就拉內的奧秘教導與日常生活之間的關係。第四部分則是透過如此「回歸」的方法,在宗教交談中的實踐之可能方向及可行的方法,以及解釋顯明基督徒、匿名基督徒與「回歸奧秘」間的關聯,並探討這些觀點對當代人生活的啓示,也可說是綜合之前的章節內容,並嘗試將之應用於宗教交談中。最後於結論中提供建議並作省思。
This study aims to discuss the idea of the Reduction into Mystery in the thought of the German Catholic theologian, Karl Rahner SJ (1904-1984).
‘Reduction into Mystery’ (Latin: reductio in mysterium) means ‘being led back into mystery’. Rahner understands reduction into mystery as the way most proper to theology at the present time. Theology is also to be understood as a ‘science of mystery’, which combines life, experience and thought, all of which are immediately related to what is revealed in mystery. Man is not only a mystery in himself; he also has an innate ability to receive from the sacred mystery, both in continuing to search for God in the universe and in moving towards Him. The Holy Spirit constantly leads people in the course of their life to return to the sacred mystery.
The method adopted in this study is the ‘fundamental question.’ In the first part, Rahner’s method of reduction into mystery is taken as the starting point. This is a philosophical pursuit of truth in which the reduction is a transcendental method that poses the issue of the reduction into mystery. This part also deals with the meaning of the reduction itself and of the reduction into mystery. The second part looks at the origin of Rahner’s ideas as those of a philosophical theologian and hence it briefly describes relevant thinkers and ideas and studies Rahner’s concept of theological anthropology. The third part examines the relationship between mystagogy, mystery, the sacred and our daily life. The fourth part seeks a possible direction for the practice of religious dialogue and a practical way of carrying it out, precisely by means of a return. The section explains the relationship between the Christian, the anonymous Christian and the reduction into mystery and explores the implications of these views. Finally, in the conclusion, I provide some suggestions and reflections.
參考書目
拉內著作
一、第一手資料
(一)書籍
Rahner, Karl, S.J. & Herbert Vorgrimler. (1965). Theological Dictionary. (Cornelius Ernst, O.P., Ed. & Richard Strachan, Trans.). New York: Herder & Herder.
Rahner, Karl. (1967.). Encounters with Silence (Worte ins Schweigen.) (James M. Demske, Trans.). Westminster: Newman Press. (Original work published 1960).
Rahner, Karl. (1968). On Prayer. New York: Deus Books, Paulist Press.
Rahner, Karl. (1968). Spirit in the World (Geist in Welt) (William Dych, S. J., Trans.). New York: Herder and Herder. (Original work published 1957).
Rahner, Karl. (1973). The Priesthood. (Edward Quinn, Trans.) London: Sheed and Ward. (Original work published 1970).
Rahner, Karl. (1975). Christian at the Crossroads (Wagnis des Christen.) (V. Green, Trans.). New York: Seabury Press. (Original work published 1974).
Rahner, Karl. (Ed.). (1975). Encyclopedia of Theology: The Concise Sacramentum Mundi. New York: Seabury Press.
Rahner, Karl. (1978). Foundations of Christian Faith: An Introduction to the Idea of Christianity (Grundkurs des Glaubens: Einfuhrung in den Begriff des Christentums). (William V. Dych, Trans.) New York: Seabury Press. (Original work published 1976).
Rahner, Karl. (1997). Horer des Wortes: Schriften zur Religionsphilosophie und zur Grundlegung der Theologie (Albert Raffelt. Ed.). Zurich: Benziger; Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder.;英文版:Rahner, Karl. (1994). Hearer of the Word: Laying the Foundation for a Philosophy of Religion (Joseph Donceel, Trans. & Andrew Tallon, Ed.). New York: Continuum.;中文版:卡爾‧拉納著,朱雁冰譯(1994),《聖言的傾聽者:論一種宗教哲學的基礎》,北京:三聯書店。
Rahner, Karl. (1998). The Mystic of Everyday Life (Harvey D. Egan., Trans.). New York: Crossroad.
Rahner, Karl. (2005). The Cambridge Companion to Karl Rahner (Declan Marmion & Mary E. Hines, Eds.). U.K.: Cambridge University.
(二)神學研究論文集
Rahner, Karl. (1966). Christianity and the Non-Christian Religions. (Das Christentum und die nichtchristlichen Religionen.) (Karl-H. Kruger, Trans.). Theological Investigations, 5, 115-134. (Original work published 1962).
Rahner, Karl. (1966). The Concept of Mystery in Catholic Theology. (Über den Begriff des Geheimnisses in der katholischen Theologie.) (Kevin Smyth. Trans.). Theological Investigations, 4, 36-73. (Original work published 1964).
Rahner, Karl. (1972). Theology and Anthropology. (Theologie und Anthropologie.) (Graham Harrison., Trans.). Theological Investigations, 8, 28-45. (Original work published 1967).
Rahner, Karl. (1974). Reflections on Methodology in Theology. (Überlegungen zur Methode der Theologie.) (David Bourke, Trans.). Theological Investigations, 11, 68-114. (Original work published in 1970).
Rahner, Karl. (1979). The ‘Spiritual Senses’ in Origen (Die geistliche Sinne nach Origenes.) (David Morland., Trans.). Theological Investigations, 16, 81-103. (Original work published in 1975).
Rahner, Karl. (1979). The Doctrine of the Spiritual. Senses in the Middle Ages (Die Lehre von den 'geistlichen Sinnen' im Mittelalter.) (David Morland., Trans.). Theological Investigations, 16, 104-134. (Original work published in 1975).
二、相關著作
(一)外文
Bacik, James J. (1980). Apologetics and the Eclipse of Mystery: Mystagogy According to Karl Rahner. London: University of Notre Dame.
Endean, Philip. (2001). Karl Rahner and Ignatian Spirituality. Oxford: Oxford University.
Gelpi, Donald L. (1966). Life and Light: A Guide to the Theology of Karl Rahner. New York: Sheed & Ward.
Kelly, Geffrey B. & De Gruchy, John W. (Eds.). (1992). Karl Rahner: Theologian of the Graced Search for Meaning (Making of Modern Theology) Minneapolis, Minnesota: Fortress.
Lantin, Emmanuel M. (1975). The Christian Mystery and Human Understanding: Karl Rahner as a Fundamental Theologian. Manila: East Asian Pastoral Institute.
Marmion, Declan. (1998). A Spirituality of Everyday Faith A Theological Investigation of the Notion of Spirituality in Karl Rahner. Louvain: Peeters.
O’Donovan, Leo J. (1984). A World of Grace: An Introduction to the Themes and Foundations of Karl Rahner's Theology. New York: Crossroad.
Vass, George. (1985). A Theologian in Search of a Philosophy: Understanding Karl Rahner. v. 1. London: Sheed & Ward.
Vorgrimler, Herbert. (1965). Karl Rahner: His Life, Thought and Works. (Edward Quinn, Trans.) Glen Rock, N.J.: Paulist Press.
Vorgrimler, Herbert. (1986). Understanding Karl Rahner: An Introduction to His Life and Thought (Karl Rahner verstehen: Eine Einführung in sein Leben und Denken) (John Bowden, Trans.). London: SCM Press. (Original work published 1985)
Weger, Karl-Heinz. (1980). Karl Rahner: An Introduction to His Theology. (Karl Rahner: eine Einführung in sein theologisches Denken.) (David Smith, Trans.). New York: Seabury Press. (Original work published 1978).
Wong, Joseph H. P. (1984). Logos-symbol in the Christology of Karl Rahner. Roma: Libreria Ateneo Salesiano.
 (二)中文
吳伯仁(John Wu, SJ)(2007),《拉內神學的靈修觀》(The Prospect of Spiritual Life in the Theology of Karl Rahner),台北:光啓文化。
武金正(Vu Kim Chinh)(2017),《人與神會晤:拉內的神學人觀》,台北:光啓。
胡國楨主編(2004),《拉內的基督論及神學人觀》,台北:光啟。
胡國楨主編(2005),《拉內思想與中國神學:拉內百歲誕辰紀念文集》,台北:光啓。
三、其他著作
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Ammerman, Nancy T. (Ed.). (2007). Everyday Religion: Observing Modern Religious Lives. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.
Bonansea, Bernardino M. (1979). God and Atheism A Philosophical Approach to the Problem of God. Washington: Catholic University of America Press.
Bonaventure. (1978). The Soul’s Journey into God. The Tree of Live. The Live of St.Francis. New York: Paulist Press.
Caputo, John D. (1978). The Mystical Element in Heidegger's Thought Athens: Ohio University Press.
Copleston, Frederick, S.J. (1962). A History of Philosophy, Volume 2 Mediaeval Philosophy Part I- Augustine to Bonaventure. New York: Image Book.
Coreth, Emerich. (1968). Metaphysics. (Joseph Donceel Trans.). New York: Herder and Herder.
D’Costa, Gavin. (2011). he Catholic Church and the World Religions: A Theological and Phenomenological Account. London: T&T Clark.
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Egan, Harvey E. (1976). The Spiritual Exercises and the Ignatian Mystical Horizon. St. Louis: The Institute of Jesuit Sources.
Ford, David F. (Ed.). (1997). The Modern Theologians An Introduction to Christian Theology in the Twentieth Century. U. K.: Oxford, Blackwell.
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Hanley, Catriona. (2000). Hanley, Catriona. Being and God in Aristotle and Heidegger: The Role of Method in Thinking the Infinite. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Heidegger, Martin. (1953). Being and Time (Joan Stambaugh, Tran.). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag.
John Paul II, St. (1990). Encyclical Letter Redemptoris Missio. Vatican City: Vatican Polyglot Press.
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Macquarrie, John. (1994). Heidegger and Christianity: the Hensley Henson lectures 1993-94. London: SCM Press.
Meylahn, Johann-Albrecht. (2013). The Limits and Possibilities of Postmetaphysical God-talk: a conversation between Heidegger, Levinas and Derrida. Leuven: Peeters.
Muck, Otto. (1968). The Transcendental Method. (William D. Seidensticker, Trans.). New York: Herder and Herder.
Oppy, Graham (2006). Arguing about Gods, New York: Cambridge University.
Regan, David. (1994). Experience the Mystery: Pastoral Possibilities for Christian Mystagogy. London: Geoffrey Chapman.
Roberts, Louis. (1967). The Achievement of Karl Rahner. New York: Herder and Herder.
Roper, Anita. (1966). The Anonymous Christian (Die anonymen Christen.) (Joseph Donceel, Trans.). New York: Sheed and Ward.
Rousselot, Pierre. (1999). Intelligence: Sense of Being, Faculty of God (Intellectualisme de Saint Thomas.) (Andrew Tallon Trans.). Milwaukee, Wis.: Marquette University Press.
Spalding, J. L. (1902). Religion, Agnosticism, and Education. Chicago: A. C. McClurg and Co.
Swearer, Donald K. (1977). Dialogue: The Key to Understanding Other Religions. Philadelphia: The Westminster Press.
Swidler, Leonard J. & Cobb, John B. (1990). Death or Dialogue? From the Age of Monologue to the Age of Dialogue. Philadelphia: Trinity Press International.
Wolfe, Judith Elisabeth. (2014). Heidegger and Theology. New York: Bloomsbury T&T Clark.
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