The oracle bones from Yin Xu Huayuanzhuang east area have been the earliest oracle bones until now. Based on those, this paper compares those with other kinds of oracle bones, bronze inscription, and ancient classical books (before Qin Dynasty) in the fields of syntax and vocabulary in order to understand the development of Chinese language of Shang Dynasty.
Chapter two discusses three general sentence patterns - “single sentence”, “compound sentence”, and “complex sentence”, whose sentence structures are all “S+V+O”, and are similar to ancient and modern Chinese syntax. Chapter three and Chapter four discuss “Omission” and “Position changing” respectively. Both chapters compare with the general sentence patterns. In the first section, both discuss the omitting or position changing situation for S, V, O, and words related to time. In the second section, both discuss phrases or clauses. Chapter five discusses and introduces characteristic words; for example, the shape of some hunting verbs looks like paintings. It proves that these oracle bones from Huayuanzhuang east area belong to an earlier period of time. The words of color, which related to animals, are about forty times more than other kinds of oracle bones in the same period of time. Lastly, Chapter six concludes all the chapters, and indicates that the syntax of “the oracle bones from Huayuanzhuang east area” is “S+V+O”, except very few words which only exist in “the oracle bones from Huayuanzhuang east area”. Those words have identifiable characteristics. It could be because of the user’s status or the specific region. However, in the same period of time, the syntax of all kinds of oracle bones has no significant differences.