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題名：理性抉擇理論在政治學運用之探討
書刊名：東吳政治學報
作者：盛治仁
作者(外文)：Sheng, Emile C. J.
出版日期：2003
卷期：17
頁次：頁21-51
主題關鍵詞：理性抉擇；政黨競爭；投票率；理性假設；Rational choice；Party competition；Voting turnout；Rational assumption
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(7) 博士論文(3) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:7
  • 共同引用共同引用:134
  • 點閱點閱:130
理性抉擇是近年來政治學界的顯學，被廣泛地運用在諸如國際關係、談判、投票行為、集體行為、立法政策、以及政黨競爭等領域，也佔了重要期刊高比例的論文刊登篇幅。在這個研究方法重要性逐漸增加的同時，也有了批判的聲音陸續傳出。有學者質疑到底人們做決定時究竟是不是經過理性的思考，也有學者認為理性抉擇的相關模型對學界了解政治行為並無實質幫助，而且對很多現象都無法提供合理的解釋。這些批評有誤解、也有切中要點的地方。本文希望整理出學界對理性抉擇途徑的主要批判與回應，並且嘗試以兩個議題，政黨競爭和投票率為例，來突顯理性抉擇研究方法在政治學運用上的貢獻與限制。作者認為，理性抉擇途徑在學界研究政治行為上，有其獨特的貢獻，但是同時也有應用領域的限制。未來發展的方向不在於辯論政治是否為理性，而在於找出哪些領域較適合或不適合運用理性抉擇的模型來幫助我們進行研究。
Rational Choice theory is widely applied in the research of political science, especially in areas such as international relations, negotiation, voting behavior, collective action, legislative politics, and party competition. Articles applying rational choice methods are also increasingly published in leading journals. However, there are skeptics questioning whether people do engage in rational thinking during their decision-making process, there are also scholars who argue that rational choice models failed to provide reasonable explanations, and have no contribution to our understanding of political behavior. Some of these critiques are right on target, yet others arise out of misunderstanding. This article discusses some of the major critiques and responses to the rational choice approach, and attempts to illustrate its contributions and limitations in political science through two examples, party competition and voting turnout. The debate should not be focused on whether politics are rational, but rather on defining the areas that are better suited for the application of rational choice theory.
期刊論文
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2.Simon, H. A.(1993)。The State of American Political Science: Professor Lowi's View of Our Discipline。PS: Political Science & Politics，26(1)，49-51。  new window
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4.Ferejohn, John A.、Fiorina, Morris P.(1974)。The Paradox of Not Voting: A Decision Theoretic Analysis。American Political Science Review，68(2)，525-536。  new window
5.Palfrey, Thomas R.、Rosenthal, Howard(1985)。Voter Participation and Strategic Uncertainty。American Political Science Review，79(1)，62-78。  new window
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12.李允傑(19960500)。Towards an Integrated New-Institutional Approach: Reviews & Comments on the Contending Models of Policy Process Study。空大行政學報，5，301-326。new window  new window
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15.蔡政諭(20000600)。一九五〇年韓戰美國臺海政策轉變之研究--國家利益的理性選擇。軍事史評論，7，97-117。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.Kahneman, Daniel、Tversky, Amos(1984)。Choices, values, and frames。American Psychologist，39(4)，341-350。  new window
17.吳秀光、林水波、魏鏞(19980100)。由理性抉擇途徑談行政革新。公共行政學報，2，191-213+215-218。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.Posner, Richard A.(1985)。An Economic Theory of the Criminal Law。Columbia Law Review，85(6)，1193-1231。  new window
19.謝復生、牛銘實、林慧萍(19950500)。民國八十三年省市長選舉中之議題投票：理性抉擇理論之分析。選舉研究，2(1)，77-92。new window  延伸查詢new window
20.Hotelling, Harold(1929)。Stability in Competition。The Economic Journal，39(153)，41-57。  new window
21.張彬村(19990600)。明清時期寡婦守節的風氣--理性選擇（rational choice）的問題。新史學，10(2)，29-76。new window  延伸查詢new window
22.Uhlaner, Carole J.(1989)。Rational Turnout: The Neglected Role of Groups。American Journal of Political Science，33(2)，390-422。  new window
23.Eaton, B. Curtis、Lipsey, Richard G.(1975)。The Principle of Minimum Differentiation Reconsidered: Some New Development in the Theory of Spatial Competition。The Review of Economic Studies，42(1)，27-49。  new window
24.何高潮(1995)。理性選擇方法與中國政治研究。香港社會科學學報，6，91-97。new window  延伸查詢new window
25.吳玉山(2000)。政治與知識的互動：臺灣的政治學在九０年代的發展。政治學報，31，3-48。new window  延伸查詢new window
26.Knack, S.(1994)。Does Rain Help the Republicans? Theory and Evidence on Turnout and the Vote。Public Choice，79(1/ 2)，187-209。  new window
27.Beck, N.(1975)。The Paradox of Minimax Regret。American Political Science Review，69(3)。  new window
28.Lowi, T. J.(1992)。The State in Political Science: How We Become What We Study。American Political Science Review，86(1)，1-7。  new window
29.Martin, Lisa L.(1999)。The Contributions of Rational Choice: A Defense of Pluralism。International Security，24(2)，74-83。  new window
30.Quattrone, G. A.、Tversky, A.(1988)。Contrasting Rational and Psychological Analysis of Political Choice。American Political Science Review，82(3)，719-736。  new window
31.Rothschild, K. W.(1946)。The Meaning of Rationality: A Note on Professor Lange's Article。The Review of Economic Studies，14(1)，50-52。  new window
32.Satz, D.、Ferejohn, J.(1994)。Rational Choice and Social Theory。Journal of Philosophy，91(2)，71-87。  new window
33.Uhlaner, C. J.(1986)。Political Participation, Rational Actors, and Rationality: A New Approach。Political Psychology，7(3)，551-573。  new window
34.Uhlaner, C. J.(1989)。Relational Goods' and Participation: Incorporating Sociability into a Theory of Rational Action。Public Choice，62，253-285。  new window
35.Walt, S.(1999)。Rigor or Rigor Mortis? Rational Choice and Security Studies。International Security，23(4)，5-48。  new window
36.吳宗憲(2000)。天安門事件後中共留學生政策的演變－以理性選擇研究途徑分析。中共研究，34(1)，83-93。  延伸查詢new window
37.黃瑞祺(1992)。方法論個體主義、理性選擇、與馬克思主義。東海社會科學學報，11，477-503。  延伸查詢new window
38.傅恆德(1993)。集體政治暴力的剖析：理性抉擇理論的觀點。東海學報，34，395-412。new window  延伸查詢new window
39.張漢音(1993)。關於犯罪研究的新理性選擇模式之初探。行政院國家科學委員會研究彙刊：人文及社會科學，3(2)，244-256。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Moon, Donald J.(1975)。The Logic of Political Inquiry: A Synthesis of Opposed Perspectives?。Political Science: Scope and Theory。Reading, MA：Addison Wesley。  new window
2.Friedman, Milton(1953)。Essays in Positive Economics。Chicago, Illinois：University of Chicago Press。  new window
3.Blais, André(2000)。To Vote or Not to Vote: The Merits and Limits of Rational Choice Theory。University of Pittsburgh Press。  new window
4.Barry, Brian(1978)。Sociologists, Economists, and Democracy。Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press。  new window
5.Green, Donald P.、Shapiro, Ian(1994)。Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory: A Critique of Applications in Political Science。Yale University Press。  new window
6.Olson, Mancur(1965)。The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups。New York：Mcgraw-Hill College。  new window
7.Arrow, Kenneth J.(1951)。Social Choice and Individual Values。New Haven, CT：Yale University Press。  new window
8.Hausman, Daniel M.(1992)。The Inexact and Separate Science of Economics。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
9.Downs, Anthony J.(1957)。An Economic Theory of Democracy。New York：Harper and Row。  new window
10.Mueller, Dennis C.(1989)。Public Choice II: A Revised Edition of Public Choice。Cambridge University Press。  new window
11.Morrow, James D.(1994)。Game Theory for Political Scientists。Princeton University Press。  new window
12.Kuhn, Thomas Samuel(1970)。The Structure of Scientific Revolutions。University of Chicago Press。  new window
13.(1996)。A New Handbook of Political Science。A New Handbook of Political Science。Oxford。  new window
14.Chong, D.(1996)。Rational Choice Theory's Mysterious Rivals。The Rational Choice Controversy: Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered。沒有紀錄。  new window
15.(1986)。Rational Choice。Rational Choice。New York, NY。  new window
16.Friedman, J.(1996)。Introduction: Economics Approaches to Politics。The Rational Choice Controversy: Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered。沒有紀錄。  new window
17.Green, D. P.、Shapiro, I.(1996)。Pathologies Revisited: Reflections on Our Critics。The Rational Choice Controversy: Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered。沒有紀錄。  new window
18.Kelley, S., Jr.(1996)。The Promise and Limitations of Rational Choice Theory。The Rational Choice Controversy: Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered。沒有紀錄。  new window
19.Abelson, R. P.(1996)。The Secret Existence of Expressive Behavior。The Rational Choice Controversy: Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered。沒有紀錄。  new window
20.Almond, G.(1977)。Clouds, Clocks and the Study of Politics。Discipline Divided: Schools and Sects in Political Science。Newbury Park, CA。  new window
21.Lohmann, S.(1996)。The Poverty of Green and Shapiro。The Rational Choice Controversy: Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered。沒有紀錄。  new window
22.Satz, D.、Ferejohn, J.(1996)。Unification, Universalism, and Rational Choice Theory。The Rational Choice Controversy: Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered。沒有紀錄。  new window
23.Taylor, M.(1996)。When Rationality Fails。The Rational Choice Controversy: Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered。沒有紀錄。  new window
24.Uhlaner, C. J.(1993)。What the Downsian Voter Weights: A Reassessment of the Costs and Benefits of Action。Information, Participation, and Choice: An Economic Theory of Democracy in Perspective。Ann Arbor, MI。  new window
圖書論文
1.Harsanyi, John C.(1986)。Advances in Understanding Rational Behavior。Rational Choice。New York：New York University Press。  new window
2.Riker, William H.(1990)。Political Science and Rational Choice。Perspectives on Positive Political Economy。Cambridge。  new window
3.Waldo, Dwight(1975)。Political Science: Tradition, Discipline, Profession, Science, Enterprise。Handbook of Political Science, Political Science: Scope and Theory。Reading, MA：Addison-Wesley。  new window
 
 
 
 
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