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題名:半總統制下的權力集散與政府穩定--臺灣與威瑪共和的比較
書刊名:臺灣民主季刊
作者:沈有忠 引用關係
作者(外文):Shen, Yu-chung
出版日期:2004
卷期:1:3
頁次:頁99-129
主題關鍵詞:半總統制權力集中政府穩定權力一元化威瑪共和Semi-presidentialismPower fragmentationGovernment stabilityWeimar Republic
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(25) 博士論文(4) 專書(3) 專書論文(2)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:19
  • 共同引用共同引用:177
  • 點閱點閱:99
本文關注焦點在於半總統制底下不同次類型的憲政運作及其政治後果,並以台灣與威瑪共和為案例實際檢視。本文認為,半總統制之下由憲法所賦予總統權力的不同,加上政府(內閣)組成及其與國會的互動,以及國會是否存在穩定而有效的多數等不同變數的相互影響,造成不同的憲政運作類型,更影響政府運作的穩定與否。若將總統、內閣與國會視為權力的三個元素,當此三個元素越集中(黨派立場越接近)或越朝向一元化(總統與內閣在行政權越集中)運作時,將越有利於政府的運作與存續,亦即越有利於政府的穩定。
Traditional studies about the government typologies generally focus on the presidentialism and the parliamentarism. Maurice Duverger explained the political structure of the French Fifth Republic using the concept of "semi-presidential government" in 1976. It is a mixed typology between presidentialism and parliamentarism. This paper tries to explain government stable under semi-presidential government by the power fragmentation of the president, cabinent, and parliament in the cases of Taiwan and the Weimar Republic. The government may be more stability when the powers are more centralized. The Weimar Republic has already worked with semi-presidentialism from 1919 to 1933. It is the ancestor of semi-presidentialism and it is important for us to observe the workings of this system. Taiwan's semi-presidential system was created in 1997. In these few years, the government is unstable and the party system has changed. This paper hopes to contribute to the understanding of the focus on the concept of the semi-presidenti alism.
期刊論文
1.胡祖慶(19960700)。政治制度與政治穩定:以後冷戰時期的東歐為例。問題與研究,35(7),73-82。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Bahro, Horst、Bayerlein, Bernhard H.、Veser, Ernst(1998)。Duverger's Concept: Semi-Presidential Government Revisited。European Journal of Political Research,34(2),201-224。  new window
3.Elgie, Robert(1997)。Models of Executive Politics: a Framework for the Study of Executive Power Relations in Parliamentary and Semi-presidential Regimes。Political Studies,45(2),217-231。  new window
4.Laver, Michael、Shepsle, Kenneth A.(1990)。Coalitions and Cabinet Government。The American Political Science Review,84(3),873-890。  new window
5.Veser, Ernst(1999)。Semi-Presidentialism-Duverger's Concept: A New Political System Model。Journal of Social Sciences and Philosophy,11(1),39-60。new window  new window
6.Roper, Steven D.(2002)。Are All Semipresidential Regimes the Same?。Comparative Politics,34(3),253-272。  new window
7.Metcalf, Lee Kendall(2000)。Measuring Presidential Power。Comparative Political Studies,33(5),660-685。  new window
8.洪茂雄(19910500)。希特勒的黑手與威瑪憲法。歷史月刊,40,104-109。  延伸查詢new window
9.黃俊杰(19960100)。德國威瑪憲法時代國家緊急權條款之研究。國立臺灣大學法學論叢,15(2),177-219。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.蔡宗珍(19990400)。威瑪憲法與政黨政治。當代,22=140,72-79。  延伸查詢new window
11.Bahro, Horst H.(19990300)。Virtues and Vices of Semi-presidential Government。人文及社會科學集刊,11(1),1-37。new window  new window
12.吳東野(19960100)。「半總統制」之探討。美歐月刊,11(1)=117,72-85。  延伸查詢new window
13.Duverger, Maurice(1980)。A New Political System Model: Semi-Presidential Government。European Journal of Political Research,8(2),165-187。  new window
14.Frye, Timothy(1997)。A Politics of Institutional Choice: Post-Communist Presidencies。Comparative Political Studies,30(5),523-552。  new window
15.吳東野(19960800)。「半總統制」政府體系的理論與實際。問題與研究,35(8),37-49。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.吳玉山(20020100)。半總統制下的內閣組成與政治穩定--比較俄羅斯、波蘭與中華民國。俄羅斯學報,2,229-265。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.Mainwaring, Scott(1993)。Presidentialism, Multipartism, and Democracy: The Difficult Combination。Comparative Political Studies,26(2),198-228。  new window
18.徐正戎、呂炳寬(20020100)。九七憲改後的憲政運作。問題與研究,41(1),1-24。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.林繼文(20020300)。Democratic Stability under Taiwan's Semi-Presidentialist Constitution: Implications for Cross-Strait Relations。Issues & Studies,38(1),47-79。new window  new window
20.吳玉山(20000900)。The ROC's Semi-Presidentialism at Work: Unstable Compromise, Not Cohabitation。Issues & Studies,36(5),1-40。new window  new window
21.Wu,Yu-shan(19981200)。Comparing Semi-Presidentialism in the ROC and the Russian Federation。政治學報,30,123-186。new window  new window
22.吳玉山(20011200)。制度、結構與政治穩定。政治學報,32,1-30。new window  延伸查詢new window
23.周陽山(19960800)。總統制、議會制、半總統制與政治穩定。問題與研究,35(8),50-61。new window  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.Protsyk, Oleh(2002)。Cabinet Organization and Central Government Reform in Premier-Presidential Regimes of Eastern Europe。Budapest:International Policy Fellowship Center for Policy Studies Open Society Institute。  new window
學位論文
1.李鳳玉(2001)。半總統制下的總統干政與政府穩定(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Boudon, Raymond、McFarland, David D.(1973)。Progress in Mathematical Social Sciences。Amsterdam, the Netherlands:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company。  new window
2.Feuchtwanger, Edgar J.(1995)。From Weimar to Hitler: Germany 1918-33。New York:St. Martin'€™s Press。  new window
3.Kolb, Eberhard、Falla, P. S.(1988)。The Weimar Republic。Unwin Hyman。  new window
4.Shugart, Matthew Soberg、Carey, John M.(1992)。Presidents and Assemblies。Cambridge University Press。  new window
5.Tsebelis, George(2002)。Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work。New York:Russell Sage Foundation Press。  new window
6.Von Mettenheim, Kurt(1997)。Presidential Institutions and Democratic Politics: Comparing Regional and National Contexts。Baltimore:London:The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
7.Sartori, Giovanni(1997)。Comparative Constitutional Engineering: An Inquiry into Structures, Incentives and Outcomes。New York, NY:New York University Press。  new window
8.Elgie, Robert(1999)。Semi-Presidentialism in Europe。Oxford University Press。  new window
其他
1.國立政治大學選舉研究中心(2004)。歷屆公職選舉,http://www2.nccu.edu.tw/~s00/, 2004/02/01。  延伸查詢new window
2.Deutsches Historisches Museum(2004)。Die Weimarer Republik,http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/weimar/verfassung/kabinette/index.html, 2004/02/01。  new window
3.Deutsches Historisches Museum(2004)。Kabinette von 1919 bis 1933,http://www.dhm.de/lemo/htmI/weimar/verfassung/kabinette/index.html, 2004/02/01。  new window
圖書論文
1.吳玉山(2001)。合作還是對立?半總統制府會分立下的憲政運作。憲政體制新走向。台北:新台灣人文教基金會。  延伸查詢new window
2.林佳龍(2000)。半總統制、多黨體系與不穩定的民主:臺灣憲政衝突的制度分析。政治制度。台北:中央研究院社科所。  延伸查詢new window
3.林繼文(2000)。半總統制下的三角政治均衡。政治制度。臺北:中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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