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題名：臺灣高地的政治體系初探：以布農人為例的研究
書刊名：臺灣人類學刊
作者：楊淑媛 引用關係
作者(外文)：Yang, Shu-yuan
出版日期：2005
卷期：3:1
頁次：頁185-219
主題關鍵詞：布農人；先佔；獵首戰爭；政治領導權；多序；The Bunun；Precedence；Headhunting warfare；Political leadership；Heterarchy
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(6) 博士論文(2) 專書(2) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:5
  • 共同引用共同引用:215
  • 點閱點閱:179
　　　　　過去對布農人傳統政治組織或秩序的主要研究，一直相當強調其平等主義的傾向。政治或社會領袖的產生完全是依個人能力與影響力而來，並沒有制度化階序的形成。即使文獻上有關於類似青年會所的軍事組織的記載，並未真正受到重視，而被視為只是北部布農人向外遷出的原始住地，在人口過多、土地不足的壓力之下，為對抗鄰近聚落與異族侵奪所發展出來的地區性組織。本文將挑戰這種觀點，結合民族誌與歷史資料，來重新思考與解釋布農族傳統政治體系的性質。筆者指出布農人所展現出的強烈的平等主義傾向，在相當大的程度上的與日本殖民統治的歷史過程有關。布農人的傳統政治體系，其實呈現出在平等性與階序性制度的擺盪(oscillation)。不同族群的敵對關係與獵首戰爭，則是影響這種擺盪的最主要因素。離有檢視比較長時間的動態歷史過程，並將布農人置於更寬廣的區域性政治脈絡中，我們才能清楚看到這一點。由此，本文也進一步反省過去研究中的理論與方法論預設。
　　　　　Previous studies of the traditional Bunun political system have emphasized the strong egalitarian tendencies of the Bunun. There is no institutional hierarchy, and political leadership is achieved according to personal abilities and influences. Even though the historical existence of military organizations such as men’s houses has been recorded, this is regarded as merely a regional phenomena and its significance downplayed or ignored. This article challenges these characterizations, combining ethnographic and historical materials to rethink the features of the Bunun political system and taking into account the larger-scale forces bearing upon the Bunun. I argue that the egalitarianism displayed by the Bunun is to a large extent a consequence of Japanese colonial rule. Before the advance of Japanese colonialism in Taiwan, the Bunun socio-political order oscillated between egalitarianism and hierarchy, and the most important factor triggering this shift was hostility and headhunting warfare between different ethnic groups. The suppression of headhunting and tribal warfare by the Japanese colonial state in effect halted such oscillation. Because only by examining the dynamic historical processes of a longer period, and by situating the Bunun within wider regional political contexts can we reach this understanding, this article also critically addresses the theoretical and methodological assumptions of previous studies.
期刊論文
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2.黃應貴(20011200)。失落的內本鹿：一個邊疆社會中跨越族群界線的區域中心。東臺灣研究，6，139-172。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.黃應貴(19981200)。「政治」與文化：東埔社布農人的例子。臺灣政治學刊，3，115-193。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Jolly, Margaret(1994)。Epilogue: Hierarchical Horizons。History and Anthropology，7(1/ 4)，377-409。  new window
5.田銀旺、李璧年、黃秀敏、許俊德(1999)。祖先的故事。民族學研究所資料彙編，14，91-141。  延伸查詢new window
6.陳奇祿(1955)。臺灣屏東霧臺魯凱族的家族與婚姻。中國民族學報，1，103-123。  延伸查詢new window
7.Drake, Richard Allen(1989)。Construction Sacrifice and Kidnapping Rumor Panics in Borneo。Oceania，59(4)，269-279。  new window
8.Armstrong, Rita(1992)。The Cultural Construction of Hierarchy among the Kenyah Badeng。Oceania，62(3)，194-206。  new window
9.Alexander, Jennifer(1992)。Must Ascribed Status Entail Inequality? Reproduction of Rank in Lahanan Society。Oceania，62(3)，207-226。  new window
10.Hoskins, Janet(1989)。On Losing and Getting a Head: Warfare, Exchange, and Alliance in a changing Sumba, 1888-1988。American Ethnologist，16(3)，419-440。  new window
11.Needham, Rodney(1976)。Skulls and Causality。Man，11(1)，71-88。  new window
12.Erb, Maribeth(1991)。Construction Sacrifice, Rumors and Kidnapping Scares in Manggarai: Further Comparative Notes from Flores。Oceania，62(2)，114-126。  new window
13.Flanagan, James G.(1989)。Hierarchy in Simple "Egalitarian" Societies。Annual Review of Anthropology，18，245-266。  new window
14.Fox, James J.(1994)。Reflection on "Hierarchy" and "Precedence"。History and Anthropology，7(1/ 4)，87-108。  new window
會議論文
1.楊淑媛(2003)。人觀、治療儀式與社會變遷－以臺東霧鹿布農人為例的研究。0。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
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學位論文
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2.楊淑媛(2001)。Coping with Marginality: The Bunun in Contemporary Taiwan(博士論文)。University of London。  new window
3.黃應貴(1988)。Conversion and Religious Change among the Bunun of Taiwan(博士論文)。London School of Economics and Political Science, University of London。  new window
4.楊淑媛(1992)。兩性、親屬與人的觀念：以霧鹿布農人為例的研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.李敏慧(1997)。日治時期臺灣山地部落的集團移住與社會重建--以卑南溪流域布農族為例(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.葉家寧(1995)。高雄境內布農族遷移史：兼論遷移動因與「聚落」概念的變遷(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
7.馬怡山(1985)。一個布農族社區權力結構之研究，沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
8.謝劍(1966)。馬遠丹社群布農族的親族組織，臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
9.李民選(2002)。布農族郡社群MAKAVAS（抗爭）之神學意義的探討，花蓮縣。  延伸查詢new window
10.蔡善神(2004)。內本鹿地區布農族遷移史研究－以遷往臺東縣延平鄉為例，0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
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5.George, Kenneth M.(1996)。Showing Signs of Violence : The Cultural Politics of a Twentieth-Century Headhunting Ritual。Showing Signs of Violence: the Cultural Politics of a Twentieth-Century Headhunting Ritual。Berkeley：University of California Press。  new window
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9.森丑之助(1917)。臺灣蕃族志。臺北：臨時臺灣舊慣調查會。  延伸查詢new window
10.Sahlins, Marshall(2000)。Culture in Practice: Selected Essays。New York：Zone。  new window
11.Wolters, O. W.(1999)。History, culture, and region in Southeast Asian perspectives。New York：Singapore：Cornell University, in cooperation with the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore。  new window
12.黃應貴(2001)。臺東縣史：布農族篇。臺東：臺東縣政府。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.Dumont, Louis、Sainsbury, Mark、Dumont, Louis、Gulati, Basia(1980)。Homo Hierarchicus: The Caste System and Its Implications。Chicago, Illinois：University of Chicago Press。  new window
14.Rosaldo, Renato I.(1980)。Ilongot Headhunting, 1883-1974: A Study in Society and History。Stanford, CA：Stanford University Press。  new window
15.葉家寧(20020000)。臺灣原住民史：布農族史篇。國史館臺灣文獻館。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.黃應貴(19920000)。東埔社布農人的社會生活。臺北：中央研究院民族學研究所。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.丘其謙(1966)。布農族卡社群的社會組織。臺北：中央研究院民族學研究所。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.Crumley, Carole L.(1995)。Heterarchy and the Analysis of Complex Societies。Heterarchy and the Analysis of Complex Societies。0。  new window
19.Tsing, Anna L.(1996)。Telling Violence in the Meratus Mountains。Headhunting and the Social Imagination in Southeast Asia。Stanford。  new window
20.鳥居龍藏(1998)。探險臺灣：鳥居龍藏的臺灣人類學之旅。探險臺灣：鳥居龍藏的臺灣人類學之旅。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
21.(1996)。"All Threads Are White": Iban Egalitarianism Reconsidered。Origins, Ancestry and Alliance: explorations in Austronesian Ethnography。Canberra, Australia。  new window
22.黃應貴(1995)。The 'Great Men' Model Among the Bunun of Taiwan。Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan。沒有紀錄。  new window
23.(1991)。Big Men and Great Men: Personifications of Power in Melanesian。Big Men and Great Men: Personifications of Power in Melanesian。0。  new window
24.林衡立(1986)。臺灣中部土著族的社會組織。臺灣土著社會文化研究論文集。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
25.Hoskins, Janet(1996)。The Heritage of Headhunting: History, Ideology, and Violence on Sumba, 1890-1990。Headhunting and the Social Imagination in Southeast Asia。Stanford。  new window
26.臺灣總督府臨時臺灣舊貫調查會(2003)。番族慣習調查報告書，第五卷第一冊。番族慣習調查報告書，第五卷第一冊。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
27.Toren, Christina(1999)。Mind, Materiality and History: Explorations in Fijian Ethnography。Mind, Materiality and History: Explorations in Fijian Ethnography。London, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
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30.移川子之藏、宮本延人、馬淵東一、黃麗雲(1988)。臺灣高砂族系統所屬之研究。臺灣高砂族系統所屬之研究。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
31.McWilliam, Andrew(1996)。Severed Heads That Germinate the State: History, Politics, and Headhunting in Southwest Timor。Headhunting and the Social Imagination in Southeast Asia。Stanford, CA。  new window
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35.Knauft, Bruce M.(1999)。From Primitive to Postcolonial in Melanesia and Anthropology。From Primitive to Postcolonial in Melanesia and Anthropology。Ann Arbor, MI。  new window
36.Gibson, Thomas(1990)。Raiding, Trading and Tribal Autonomy in Insular Southeast Asia。The Anthropology of War。Cambridge, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
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38.Godelier, Maurice(1986)。The Making of Great Man: Male Domination and Power among the New Guinea Baruya。The Making of Great Man: Male Domination and Power among the New Guinea Baruya。Cambridge, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
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其他
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2.馬淵東一(1984)。臺灣土著之移動及分布，臺北。  延伸查詢new window
3.馬淵東一(1987)。布農族的獸肉分配與贈與，0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Anderson, Benedict(1972)。The Idea of Power in Javanese Culture。Culture and Politics in Indonesia。Cornell University Press。  new window
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3.黃應貴(19860000)。臺灣土著族的兩種社會類型及其意義。臺灣土著社會文化研究論文集。臺北：聯經。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.陳奇祿(19860000)。臺灣土著的年齡組織和會所制度。臺灣土著社會文化研究論文集。臺北：聯經。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.Bellwood, Peter(1996)。Hierarchy, Founder Ideology and Austronesian Expansion。Origins, Ancestry and Alliance: Explorations in Austronesian Ethnography。Canberra：Australian National University。  new window
6.衛惠林(1983)。臺灣土著社會的部落組織與權威制度。臺灣土著社會文化研究論文集。臺北：聯經出版公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Fox, James J.(1995)。Austronesian Societies and Their Transformations。The Austronesians: Historical and Comparative Perspectives。Cambridge：Australian National University。  new window
 
 
 
 
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