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題名:荀子的「類」觀念及其通類之道
書刊名:國立臺灣大學哲學論評
作者:陳平坤 引用關係
作者(外文):Chen, Ping-kun
出版日期:2006
卷期:31
頁次:頁77-135
主題關鍵詞:荀子CategorizationClassLeiMindXinRitualEtiquetteLiLawStandardFawPrincipleLiEmptinessXuStillnessJingSingle-mindedYiyXunzi
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(5) 博士論文(5) 專書(4) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:5
  • 共同引用共同引用:91
  • 點閱點閱:117
荀子是戰國時期繼孟子之後的一代大儒。而荀子學說,以明辨天人之分,主張人之性惡,提倡禮義法度,重視積學而取法後王為其主要特色。不過,在荀子學說中,異於這些特色而實能貫通其名實論、倫理學說、以及人道理想的一大觀念——「類」,尤其內涵豐富義理,而應受到更多重視與探發。因此,本文嘗試透過「類」字含意的分析論述,闡釋它在哲學理論層面的主要涵蘊,同時也想藉此探察荀子所尚聖人「知通統類」的相關教學重點。 經過以文義解析為主要方法的論究之後,本文初步釐清與歸納出「類」字在日常語意之外的哲學義蘊;亦即在荀子學說中,「類」字具有(1)名實論或知識論意義的「名理」、與(2)倫理學意義的「文理」,以及(3)政法學意義的「法理」等三大內涵。而荀子批判「無類」、「知不能類」的人事與言論,期求實現「知通統類」、能夠「推類」以應萬變的理想人格,就中的主體條件,乃是必須具備專壹、虛靜的「大清明」心境;至於其養成之道,則落實在積「學」、修「行」的種種「兼權」以「解蔽」的功夫之上。
Xunzi was a renowned leading scholar following in the footsteps of Mencius in the Warring States period. While Xunzi’s Confucian teaching took a central focus that all people were evil, and emphasized an etiquette and morality-led doctrine that mainly featured a predominant focus on accumulating study and following later kings’ teaching. Nevertheless, among Xunzi’s teachings, a significant concept of his that set it apart from the aforesaid characteristics but served essentially to integrate his practical theory, moral doctrine and humanistic ideology had been the “categorization/class”, which is containing the abundant philosophic theory, so that should be paid attention to and probing into by more scholars. In light of which, the thesis has attempted to interpret its main significance in philosophy through analyzing and interpreting the meaning of “categorization”, and to explore methods of knowing the “intergration of categorization統類”. Upon undergoing a theoretic study premise primarily adopting literature analysis and interpretation, the thesis has initially discerned and recapped the philosophical significance of the phrase “categorization” other than its common usages, meaning that in Xunzi’s teachings, the phrase “categorization” has three distinct meanings of,(1)logical doctrine in the sense of knowledge acquiring theory;(2)the cultural doctrine in the sense of morality; and(3)the legal doctrine in the sense of the science of the law. And the preeminent criterion in what Xunzi’s had criticized of the assertion, people and things of ignorance and inability to understand the “intergration of categorization統類”, or achieving an adaptable ideal character through reduction reasoning lies in how one needs to possess an undivided, humble clear mind, before one is able to perfect oneself through accumulated learning and disciplinary training.
期刊論文
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3.陳鼓應(20050500)。論道與物關係問題:中國哲學史上的一條主線。臺大文史哲學報,62,89-117。new window  延伸查詢new window
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圖書
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19.楊長鎮(19960000)。荀子類的存有論研究。臺北:文津出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
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25.Knoblock, John(1988)。Xunzi: A Translation and Study of the Complete Works。Stanford, California:Stanford University Press。  new window
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38.管仲、李勉(1990)。管子今註今譯。臺北:臺灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
39.俞仁寰(1962)。從類字透視荀子政治思想之體系。從類字透視荀子政治思想之體系。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
40.陳鼓應(1987)。莊子今註今譯(上)。莊子今註今譯(上)。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
41.吳康(1983)。荀子哲學思想。儒家思想研究論集(二)。臺北。new window  延伸查詢new window
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43.陳大齊(1983)。荀子所說的義。儒家思想研究論集(二)。臺北。new window  延伸查詢new window
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其他
1.(三國)(吳)韋昭(1998)。國語,上海。  延伸查詢new window
2.久保愛增,豬飼彥博(1978)。漢文大系15.荀子集解,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
3.關村博道(2006)。荀子「類」概念的特質。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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