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題名：臺灣政黨的政策位置：非介入式與介入式測量的比較研究
書刊名：臺灣政治學刊
作者：劉從葦 引用關係
作者(外文)：Liu, Tsung-wei
出版日期：2006
卷期：10:2
頁次：頁3-62
主題關鍵詞：政黨位置測量；顯著性理論；內容分析；專家調查；Measurement of party position；Saliency theory；Content analysis；Expert survey
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(10) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:10
  • 共同引用共同引用:104
  • 點閱點閱:85
政黨位置的測量雖然只是單一變數的測量，但仍然屬於理論導向的經驗研究。本文首先簡要說明研究途徑與理論如何影響變數選擇與測理的方法。接著分別討論以政見研究小組的內容分析法為主的非介入式測量，與專家調查、候選人調查、抽樣調查等三種介入式測量的方法及其優缺點。第三部份使用以顯著性理論為基礎所發展的內容分析法，以政黨政見與選舉公報為文本來測量臺灣主要政黨與派系在統獨立場、左右議題、環境保護與經濟發展三個政策空間上的位置。另外輔以專家調查與抽樣調查資料，除了呈現不同測量方式的結果外，也比較內容分析法與專家調查的結果，以信度檢驗來作為推測內容分析是否具有效度的基礎。結果顯示，以政黨政見與選舉公報為文本的內容分析所呈現的政黨相對位置大致相同。內容分析與專家調查所呈現的政黨相對位置也沒有重大差異。因此，從理論基礎、公開可複製的科學流程、到信度與效度檢驗，都顯示政見研究小組的內容分析法是有效的測量方式。
To measure party positions should be a theory-guided empirical research, even though it is only about to measure a variable. This research starts with explaining why approach and theories are important to the selection of variables and how to measure them. Secondly, the content analysis developed by Manifesto Research Group (MRG) and a variety of obtrusive methods of measurements are introduced, including what they are and their advantages and disadvantages. Thirdly, the Taiwanese parties' positions on Taiwan Independence, Left-Right Dimension, and Environmental Protection and Economy Growth are measured by the MRG methods with party manifestos and electoral gazettes. Besides, expert surveys and mass surveys are used as a supplement. The measures from content analysis are compared with that from surveys in order to assure the validity of the data. The results show that party positions measured by content analysis and surveys are similar. Therefore, because of its solid theory, public and replicable coding procedure, and acceptable reliability and validity, the method of measuring party positions developed by MRG provides quality data of party positions.
期刊論文
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2.Neto, Octavio Amorim、Cox, Gary W.(1997)。Electoral Institutions, Cleavages Structures, and the Number of Parties。American Journal of Political Science，41(1)，149-174。  new window
3.Budge, Ian、Hofferbert, Richard I.(1990)。Mandates and Policy Outputs: U.S. Party Platforms and Federal Expenditures。American Political Science Review，84，111-131。  new window
4.Castles, F. G.、Mair, P.(1984)。Left-Right Political Scales: Some 'Expert' Judgements。European Journal of Political Research，12(1)，73-88。  new window
5.Laver, Michael、Benoit, Kenneth、Garry, John(2003)。Extracting Policy Positions from Political Texts Using Words as Data。American Political Science Review，97(2)，311-331。  new window
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7.Rabinowitz, G.、MacDonald, S. E.(198903)。A Directional Theory of Issue Voting。American Political Science Review，83(1)，93-121。  new window
8.劉從葦(20040300)。單一行動者預設與政黨、派系競爭理論的建立--以單記非讓渡投票制下的選舉為例。人文及社會科學集刊，16(1)，151-195。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.Blondel, Jean(1968)。Party Systems and Patterns of Government in Western Democracies。Canadian Journal of Political Science，1(2)，180-203。  new window
10.Laakso, Markku、Taagepera, Rein(1979)。The "Effective" Number of Parties: A Measure with Application to West Europe。Comparative Political Studies，12(1)，3-27。  new window
11.Riker, William H.(19821200)。The Two-Party System and Duverger's Law: An Essay on the History of Political Science。American Political Science Review，76(4)，753-766。  new window
12.王鼎銘(20050600)。「新中間路線」在2000年總統選舉的意義與作用：中位選民定理的應用分析。臺灣政治學刊，9(1)，39-81。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.盛杏湲、陳義彥(20030500)。政治分歧與政黨競爭：二○○一年立法委員選舉的分析。選舉研究，10(1)，7-40。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.王鼎銘(20030500)。政策認同下的投票效用與選擇：空間投票理論在不同選舉制度間的比較。選舉研究，10(1)，171-206。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.Matthews, Steven A.(1979)。A Simple Direction Model of Electoral Competition。Public Choice，34，141-156。  new window
16.Budge, Ian(2001)。Validating Party Policy Placements。British Journal of Political Science，31(1)，210-223。  new window
17.Dow, Jay K.(2001)。A Comparative Spatial Analysis of Majoritarian and Proportional Elections。Electoral Studies，20(1)，109-125。  new window
18.Hofferbert, Richard I.、Budge, Ian(1992)。The Party Mandate and the Westminster Model: Election Programmes and Government Spending in Britain, 1948-85。British Journal of Political Science，22，151-182。  new window
19.Wittman, Donald(1983)。Candidate Motivation: A Synthesis of Alternative Theories。American Political Science Review，77(1)，142-157。  new window
20.Budge, Ian(2000)。Expert Judgments of Party Policy Positions: Uses and Limitations in Political Research。European Journal of Political Research，37，103-113。  new window
21.Cox, Gary W.(1999)。The Empirical Content of Rational Choice Theory。Journal of Theoretical Politics，11(2)，147-169。  new window
22.Gaines, B. J.(1997)。Where to Count Parties。Electoral Studies，16，49-58。  new window
23.Norris, Pippa、Lovenduski, Joni(2004)。Why Parties Fail to Learn: Electoral Defeat, Selective Perception and British Party Politics。Party Politics，10，83-102。  new window
24.Taagepera, R.(1997)。Effective Number of Parties for Incomplete Data。Electoral Studies，16，145-151。  new window
25.Taagepera, Rein、Grofman, Bernard(1985)。Rethinking Duverger's Law: Predicting the Effective Number of Parties in Plurality and PR Systems - Parties Minus Issues Equals One。European Journal of Political Research，13，341-352。  new window
會議論文
1.羅達菲(2001)。Party Platform Change in Taiwan's 1990 Election Campaigns。0。  new window
2.劉從葦(2000)。The Impact of Electoral Systems: How to Test It by Saliency Theory?。0。  new window
學位論文
1.劉從葦(2002)。The Effects of Electoral Laws on Party Competition in Taiwan 1989-1998, With Particular Reference to the Single Non-Transferable Vote (SNTV)(博士論文)。University of Essex，United Kingdom。  new window
圖書
1.Budge, I.、Farlie, D. J.(1983)。Explaining and Predicting Elections: Issue Effects and Party Strategies in Twenty-Three Democracies。London：George Allen & Unwin。  new window
2.Laver, Michael、Hunt, Bent W.(1992)。Policy and Party Competition。Routledge。  new window
3.Beyme, Klaus Von(1985)。Political Parties in Western Democracies。Political Parties in Western Democracies。United Kingdom：Palgrave。  new window
4.Budge, Ian、Klingemann,H(2001)。Mapping Policy Preferences: Estimates for Parties, Electors and Governments 1945-1998。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
5.Riker, W.(1982)。Liberalism Against Populism: A Confrontation Between the Theory of Democracy and Theory of Social Choice。San Francisco, CA：W. H. Freeman。  new window
6.Shepsle, K. A.(1991)。Models of Multiparty Electoral Competition。New York：Harwood Academic。  new window
7.Volkens, Andrea(1992)。Content Analysis of Party Programmes in Comparative Perspective: Handbook and Coding Instructions。沒有紀錄：Abteilung, Institutionen and Sozialer Wandel。  new window
8.Budge, Ian(1976)。Party Identification and beyond。New York, NY：John & Sons。  new window
9.Duverger, Maurice、North, Barbara、North, Robert(1963)。Political Parties: Their Organization and Activity in the Modern State。New York：John Wiley & Sons, Inc。  new window
10.Cox, Gary W.(1997)。Making Votes Count。Cambridge。  new window
11.Budge, Ian、Robertson, David、Hearl, Derek(1987)。Ideology, Strategy, and Party Change: Spatial Analyses of Post-War Election Programmes in 19 Democracies。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
12.Budge, Ian、Farlie, Dennis(1977)。Voting and Party Competition。New York：London, UK：John Wiley and Sons Ltd.。  new window
13.Sartori, Giovanni(1976)。Parties and Party Systems。Cambridge University Press。  new window
14.Laver, M.、Schofield, N.(1990)。Multiparty Government: The Politics of Coalition in Europe。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
15.Robertson, D.(1976)。A Theory of Party Competition。London：John Wiley and Sons。  new window
16.Green, Donald P.、Shapiro, Ian(1994)。Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory: A Critique of Applications in Political Science。Yale University Press。  new window
17.Hardin, Russell(1982)。Collective Action。Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
18.Taylor, Michael(1987)。The Possibility of Cooperation。Cambridge University Press。  new window
19.Olson, Mancur(1965)。The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups。New York：Mcgraw-Hill College。  new window
20.Lijphard, Arend、Aitkin, Don(1994)。Electoral Systems and Party Systems: A Study of Twenty-seven Democracies, 1945-1990。Oxford University Press。  new window
21.Riker, William H.(1962)。The Theory of Political Coalitions。Yale University Press。  new window
22.Enelow, James M.、Hinich, Melvin J.(1984)。The Spatial Theory of Voting: An Introduction。Cambridge University Press。  new window
23.Rae, Douglas W.(1971)。The Political Consequences of Electoral Law。New Haven, CT：Yale University Press。  new window
24.Downs, Anthony J.(1957)。An Economic Theory of Democracy。New York：Harper and Row。  new window
25.Krippendorff, Klaus H.(1980)。Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology。Sage。  new window
26.Tsebelis, George(1990)。Nested Games。Nested Games。Berkeley, CA。  new window
27.Merrill, Samuel, III、Grofman, Bernard(1999)。A Unified Theory of Voting: Directional and Proximity Spatial Models。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
28.Budge, Ian、Keman, Hans(1990)。Parties and Democracy。Parties and Democracy。Oxford。  new window
29.(1996)。The Rational Choice Controversy。The Rational Choice Controversy。New Haven。  new window
30.Hearl, Derek J.(2001)。Checking the Party Policy Estimates: Reliability。Mapping Policy Preferences。Oxford。  new window
31.Laver, Michael、Budge, Ian(1992)。Party Policy and Government Coalitions。New York, NY：St. Martin's Press。  new window
32.McDonald, Michael D.、Mendes, Silvia M.(2001)。Checking the Party Policy Estimates: Convergent Validity。Mapping Policy Preferences。Oxford。  new window
33.Adams, James(2001)。Party Competition and Responsible Party Government。Party Competition and Responsible Party Government。Michigan。  new window
34.Kim, Hee-Min、Fording, Richard C.(2001)。Extending Party Estimates to Governments and Electors。Mapping Policy Preferences。Oxford。  new window
35.Mair, Peter(2001)。Searching for the Positions of Political Actors: A Review of Approaches and A Critical Evaluation of ExpertSurveys。Estimating the Policy Position of Political Actors。London, UK。  new window
36.Merton, Rebecca B.(1999)。Methods & Models。Methods & Models。Cambridge, MA。  new window
37.Norris, Pippa、Lovenduski, Joni(1995)。Political Recruitment。Political Recruitment。Cambridge, MA。  new window
38.Norris, Pippa(1999)。New Politicians? Changes in Party Competition at Westminster。Critical Elections。London, UK。  new window
39.Panebianco, Angelo(1988)。Political Parties: Organization & Power。Political Parties: Organization & Power。Cambridge, MA。  new window
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41.Weisberg, Herbert F.(1992)。Central Tendency and Variability。Central Tendency and Variability。London, UK。  new window
 
 
 
 
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