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題名：臺南都會區國中生緊張因素、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段對偏差行為之影響：建構整合理論解釋模型
書刊名：青少年犯罪防治研究期刊
作者：蔡東敏／譚子文／董旭英 引用關係
作者(外文)：Tsai, Tung-min／Tan, Tzyy-wen／Tung, Yuk-ying
出版日期：2015
卷期：7:2
頁次：頁37-80
主題關鍵詞：緊張因素；接觸偏差同儕；認同非法手段；青少年偏差行為；Social strain factors；Association with peers；Agreement with illegal means；Delinquency
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一般化緊張理論及社會學習理論均強調偏差行為的重要性，但是前者論焦點於引致偏差行為的因素，後者則聚焦在偏差同儕的效應。然而值得注意的是，為什麼有些同樣經歷緊張因素的青少年並未因此而產生偏差行為？在緊張因素與偏差行為之間是否具有什麼樣的中介機制，而使得青少年向偏差行為傾斜？再者，社會學習理論並無法清楚說明影響青少年接觸偏差同儕的最根本原因，亦即忽略了是何種因素將青少年推向偏差同儕，再習得偏差行為。因此，本研究主要依據緊張理論、社會學習理論、認同非法手段等理論，研擬建構一個整合負面生活事件及日常生活困擾等緊張因素、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段，且較為適合解釋國中生偏差行為發生的結構模式。並以此理論模式作為主要分析架構深入探討國中生偏差行為的成因。本研究抽樣對象為台南市都會區國民中學七、八、九年級學生，採用分層叢聚隨機抽樣方式，有效樣本數共306 名，並透過結構方程模式來檢定所蒐集之數據。研究結果發現：(1)緊張因素會影響青少年偏差行為及增加與偏差同儕接觸的程度。(2) 緊張因素會經由接觸偏差同儕的中介效應，間接影響青少年偏差行為。(3) 接觸偏差同儕會影響青少年偏差行為。依據研究的分析結果，文中就未來對青少年偏差行為之研究與輔導提出相關建議。
A general strain theory and social learning theory provided very important conceptions in the explanation of deviant development. However, adolescents who faced same level of strain had different deviant behavior. There might be the impact of other factors on the relationships between strain and delinquency. Social learning theory could not clearly explain the original causes of deviant behavior’s development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to count the impact of social strain factors to resupply the effect of association with deviant peers on the occurrence of delinquency. The study tried to provide a model in explaining the effects of social strain factors, association with peers, and agreement with illegal means on Taiwanese delinquency. The stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to draw 306 junior high school students from the metropolitan in Tainan. SEM was used to test the model. The findings of this study were: (1) strain factors influenced the development of delinquency and association with deviant peers; (2) association with deviant peers played a mediator between strain factors and delinquent behavior; (3) association with deviant peers had impact on adolescent delinquency. According the results, suggestions were also provided in the paper.
期刊論文
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7.董旭英(2000)。美國青少年與父母、校園互動、同儕間的緊張關係對其初次暴力行為發生的年齡差異效應之動態分析研究。犯罪學期刊，6，63-94。  延伸查詢new window
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18.Merton, R. K.(1938)。Social Structure and Anomie。American Sociological Review，3，672-683。  new window
19.Miller, H. V.、Jennings, W. G.、Alvarez-Rivera, L. L.、Miller, M.(2008)。Explaining substance use among Puerto Rican adolescents: A partial test of social learning theory。Journal of Drug，38(1)，261-283。  new window
20.Musi, S.、Hoza, B.、Bukowski, W. M.(2004)。Choosing or being chosen by aggressive-disruptive peers: Do they contribute to children's externalizing and internalizing problems?。Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology，32(1)，53-65。  new window
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24.Wills, T. A.、Vaccaro, D.、McNamara, G.(1992)。The Role of Life Events, Family Support, and Competence in Adolescent Substance Use: A Test of Vulnerability and Protective Factors。American Journal of Community Psychology，20(3)，349-374。  new window
25.Agnew, R.、White, H. R.(1992)。An empirical test of general strain theory。Criminology，30(4)，475-499。  new window
26.Agnew, Robert(2001)。Building on the foundation of general strain theory: Specifying the types of strain most likely to lead to crime and delinquency。Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency，38(4)，319-361。  new window
27.Agnew, R.(1992)。Foundation for a general strain theory of crime and delinquency。Criminology，30(1)，47-87。  new window
28.Aseltine, Robert H. Jr.、Gore, Susan、Gordon, Jennifer(2000)。Life stress, anger and anxiety, and delinquency: An empirical test of general strain theory。Journal of Health and Social Behavior，41(3)，256-275。  new window
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35.譚子文、董旭英(20100900)。自我概念與父母教養方式對臺灣都會區高中生偏差行為之影響。教育科學研究期刊，55(3)，203-233。new window  延伸查詢new window
36.譚子文、張楓明(20120600)。緊張因素、接觸偏差同儕及低自我控制與青少年偏差行為關聯性之研究。臺中教育大學學報. 數理科技類，26(1)，27-50。new window  延伸查詢new window
37.譚子文、董旭英、葉雅馨(20100900)。社會緊張因素與臺灣大學生內化適應問題關聯性之研究。中華輔導與諮商學報，28，143-185。new window  延伸查詢new window
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會議論文
1.董旭英、譚子文(2012)。運用整合性理論模式檢驗國中生偏差行為之成因。2012教育高階論壇「全球競爭力、社會正義與教育功能」學術研討會。台南。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.謝旻容(2010)。台灣南部地區國中生親子依附、自主導向、接觸偏差同儕與偏差行為之關聯(碩士論文)。國立成功大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.黃家珍(1999)。緊張與少年偏差行為：Agnew一般緊張理論之實證研究(碩士論文)。中央警察大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Joreskog, K. G.、Sorbom, D.(1993)。L1SREL 8。Moorseville, IN：Scientific Software。  new window
2.許春金(2010)。犯罪學。臺北：五南。  延伸查詢new window
3.Agnew, Robert(2006)。Pressured Into Crime: An Overview of General Strain Theory。Los Angeles, CA：Roxbury Publishing Company。  new window
4.Akers, R. L.(1985)。Deviant Behavior: A Social Learning Approach。Wadsworth, Belmont, CA。  new window
5.Cloward, R.、Ohlin, L.(1960)。Delinquency and Opportunity。Free Press。  new window
6.Glueck, S.、Glueck, E. T.(1950)。Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency。New York：Commonwealth Fund。  new window
7.Shoemaker, D. J.(1990)。Theories of Delinquency。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
8.Warr, M.(2002)。Companions in crime: The social aspects of criminal conduct。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
9.Sutherland, E. H.(1939)。Principles of criminology。Chicago：Lippincott。  new window
10.Akers, Ronald L.(1998)。Social Learning and Social Structure: A General Theory of Crime and Deviance。Northeastern University Press。  new window
11.Bandura, Albert(1973)。Aggression: A social learning analysis。Prentice-Hall。  new window
12.Cohen, A. K.(1955)。Delinquency Boys。Glencoe, IL：Free Press。  new window
13.Akers, R. L.(1997)。Criminological Theories: Introduction and Evaluation。Chicago：Roxbury Press。  new window
14.Hair, Joseph F. Jr.、Anderson, Rolph E.、Tatham, Ronald L.、Black, William C.、Babin, Barry J.(1998)。Multivariate data analysis。Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
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17.陳正昌、程炳林、陳新豐、劉子鍵(2009)。多變量分析方法：統計軟體應用。五南。  延伸查詢new window
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圖書論文
1.Hwang, S.、Akers, R. L.(2003)。Substance use by Korean adolescents: A cross-cultural test of social learning, social bonding, and self-control theories。Social learning theory and the explanation of crime: A guide for the new century。New Brunswick, NJ：Transaction Publishers。  new window
 
 
 
 
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