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題名:全球化對天主教高等教育機構影響之個案研究
作者:林耀堂 引用關係
作者(外文):Yao-tang Lin
校院名稱:國立臺南大學
系所名稱:教育經營與管理研究所
指導教授:姜麗娟
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2007
主題關鍵詞:天主教高等教育高等教育全球化Higher EducationCatholic Higher EducationGlobalization
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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當高等教育機構面臨全球化影響之際,傳承自中世紀大學濫觴之始的天主教高等教育機構,正面臨天主教會賦予天主教高等教育機構的辦學理念如何落實的挑戰。為此,本論文主要有四項目的:一、探討全球化對天主教高等教育機構的影響;二、檢視全球化對天主教高等教育機構的挑戰,尤其是美國與台灣高等教育脈絡中的個案學校,並以其辦學理念與組織管理工作為焦點;三、探討美國與台灣天主教高等教育機構對高等教育全球化的回應;四、探討天主教高等教育機構的辦學理念與實踐對高等教育全球化的啟示。
本個案研究運用訪談及文件收集法,將所收集的研究資料加以分析,所得結果如下:
一、全球化下天主教會雖然成為天主教高等教育機構意識型態與使命感的認同對象,但在國家政府控管高等教育的脈絡下,輔仁大學的個案卻說明了學校對於教會的意識型態與使命感之認同開始面臨挑戰。
二、兩國個案學校對於國家政府財務補助的依賴,顯示全球化下國家政府對天主教高等教育機構未來發展的重要影響。
三、全球化下市場論述對兩國個案學校辦學理念與組織管理的挑戰,要求天主教高等教育機構必須從單一價值觀走向多元理念的關懷,代表其必須重視身份議題的多元歸屬關係,以及組織管理方面的實務需求。
四、高等教育全球化的過程中,董事會治理與主教領導權威是影響兩國個案學校組織管理的自主性之主要因素,尤其輔仁大學個案以專職教會人士為主的董事會更是影響學校自主性的原因。
五、高等教育全球化的過程中,兩國個案學校的校長領導仍然以專職教會人士與平信徒為首要的考慮人選;但此情形卻使天主教高等教育機構平信徒化的發展過程中面臨只考慮「自己人」的挑戰。
六、高等教育全球化的過程中,兩國個案學校本身原有定位均面臨再定位的挑戰,箇中又以辦學理念使命傳承的工作最為困難。
七、天主教高等教育機構希望整合學術研究與宗教信仰的目標與實踐,影響兩國個案學校對全球化的回應,此亦啟發一般高等教育機構強調「專業」知識學習之餘,也應該有「使命」的考量。
基於此,本論文提出主要論點為:要瞭解全球化對天主教高等教育機構的影響,應該在「國家、市場、高等教育與教會」的分析架構下,同時探討國家政府、市場理念、高等教育學術專業,以及教會領導權威對天主教高等教育機構的影響。在此分析架構下,「梵蒂岡第二屆大公會議」之前教會與天主教高等教育機構間「教會為主、學校為輔」的定位,才能在高等教育全球化愈加強調「多元」、「專業」與「市場」的理念下,為天主教高等教育機構找到新的定位。
在本論文中,第一章說明本研究的背景、動機,以及研究目的。第二章探討全球化對高等教育的影響,尤其是國家政府治理高等教育的改變。第三章探討全球化對天主教高等教育的影響,以進一步建立本研究的理論架構。第四章介紹本研究的方法論與個案研究的實施方式。第五章是本論文個案研究的結果與比較,第六章則是將研究結果與過去的文獻結合以進行討論;最後,第七章則是本研究的結論、建議與省思。
Higher education institutions worldwide are encountering the influence of the globalization. Meanwhile, Catholic higher education institutions derived from the traditions of medieval universities are now challenged by globalization. How to fulfill the mission of Roman Catholic Church in Catholic higher education institutions is the most critical task. The study aims to 1) discuss the influence of globalization on higher education institutions; 2) the challenges of globalization on Catholic higher education institutions were viewed, following this theme, the actual examples in the context of United States and in Taiwan were discussed; especially focus on the mission statement and organizational management; 3) the study pinpointed approaches taken by higher education institutions in both the United States and in Taiwan in response to globalization were studied; and 4) the contribution of researched done on the mission statement and practice of Catholic higher education institutions in its relation to globalization in Higher Education were explored.
The study adopts the methods of interview and documentary analysis for data collection. After analyzing the data, the main findings include the followings:
1)Even though the Catholic Church is the identical object of the ideology and mission of Catholic higher education institutions under globalization, but in the context of higher education of “state control”, Fu-Jen Catholic University explained that individual school has faced the challenge of the identity of Catholic Church’s ideology and mission.
2)Both cases depending on the financial-aid of government reveal that the government made great influence to the future of Catholic higher education institutions under globalization.
3)The discourse of marketing forces challenges the mission statement and organization management of both cases under globalization, demands Catholic higher education institutions need to change from single value to the concern of diverse ideas. It means that Catholic higher education institutions need to pay attention to diverse identical issues and the practical needs of organization management.
4)In the process of higher education of globalization, the governance of board trustees and the Magisterium are main factors to influence the autonomy of organization management of both cases. Especially the majority of the board of trustees is religious of Fu-Jen Catholic University made great influence on the autonomy of the institution.
5)In the process of higher education of globalization, the presidential leadership of both cases still takes religious and layperson as first priority and it makes the laicization of governance of Catholic higher education institutions face the challenge of school considered “themselves”only.
6)In the process of higher education of globalization, the original position of both cases faces the challenge of re-position; especially the heritage of mission statement was the most difficult task.
7)The reality that Catholic higher education institutions should take both academic studies and religious belief into consideration influencs the response to globalization of both cases, it inspired the ordinary higher education institutions should take into account of “mission” in addition to stress the importance of professionalizaion.
The main argument of this thesis regarding the influence of globalization on Catholic higher education institutions should be analyzed within the framework of "state, market, higher education and the church". In other words, the influence of national government, marketing forces, higher education academy, and the Magisterium of the Catholic Church will be observed. Within the analytical framework, the idea that the Catholic higher education institutions followed what Catholic Church led before the Second Vatican Council, could be redefined under the globalization of higher education that emphasizes the idea of diversity, professionalization and marketing.
In this thesis, Chapter one describes the importance of the issue, background, motivation and researcher’s purpose of this study. Chapter two explores the influence of globalization on higher education, especially the governance change of national government in higher education. Then, Chapter three observes the influence of globalization on Catholic higher education to develop the research framework. Research methods and case study design are described in Chapter four. The main findings and comparisons of study cases are presented in Chapter five. Chapter six bridges and the gap between research findings and literature review. The conclusion, suggestion and reflection of this study are proposed in Chapter seven.
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