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題名:臺灣高等教育機構知識擴散政策分析
作者:陳柔蓁
作者(外文):Chen, Jou-Chen
校院名稱:國立交通大學
系所名稱:科技管理研究所
指導教授:徐作聖
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2018
主題關鍵詞:高等教育知識擴散政策分析知識擴散要素政策工具Higher EducationKnowledge DiffusionPolicy AnalysisKnowledge Diffusion Key FactorPolicy Instrument
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高等教育機構以培育優質人力資源與研發活動增進創新、知識活動,提升國家產業和區域的發展。有關高等教育機構的知識擴散和政府如何增進高等教育機構知識擴散的相關研究日益增多,然而少有研究提及高等教育機構的知識擴散機制,亦缺乏如何利用政策工具增進與強高等教育知識擴散發展的研究。本研究針對前述研究缺口,以臺灣高等教育為究對象,探討增進高等教育機構知識擴散之需求要素和政策工具,並建立一個政策分析架構,藉以找出促進高等教育機構知識擴散之對應政策工具。
首先,本研究使用內容分析法、修正式德菲法 (modified Delphi) 和專家訪談,綜合國內高等教育與產學合作相關領域專家學者之意見,訂定高等教育機構知識擴散要素與政策工具。第二階段,使用內容分析法將1980年至2017年間臺灣高等教育政策進行政策工具的分類與評估。第三階段,使用修正式德菲法分析臺灣高等教育政策促進知識擴散的缺口。第四階段先以決策實驗法(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL),取得高等教育機構知識擴散要素彼此之間因果關係。接著再用DEMATEL得到要素間的因果關係以分析網路流程法 (Analytic Network Process, ANP)求取高等教育機構知識擴散要素之權重。最後用灰關聯法 (Grey Relational Analysis, GRA),求出要素與政策工具間之灰係數,最後再導入ANP得到的要素權重,得知推動高等教育機構知識擴重要之政策工具。研究結果顯示臺灣高等教育政策多屬於行政命令層級的政策,且以法令規章、人力資源與經費補助類的政策工具為最多。本研究結果顯示激勵制度、經費投資和人力資源是促進高等教育系統知識擴散的重要政策工具。
Knowledge diffusion mechanisms embedded in higher education institutes can enable and enrich knowledge diffusion, upgrade industries, and region development. In the past years, the interest in research knowledge diffusion in higher-education systems has been increasing. More and more governments have provided support to develop or enhance such mechanisms. This research proposes an analytic framework to configure the policy portfolio for knowledge diffusion embedded in higher-education institutes. Firstly, content analysis, a modified Delphi method and interview were proposed to derive the key factors and policy instruments that enable and enhance the diffusion mechanism. Secondly, content analysis was applied to classify and evaluate higher education policy in Taiwan from 1980 to 2017. Thirdly, a modified Delphi method was then used to analysis the gap of higher education policy to improve knowledge diffusion in Taiwan. Finally, the relationships between these factors were derived using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL). The analytic network process (ANP) was utilized to the statistical weights associated with the key factors. The Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) was used to derive the Grey Relationships between the key factors and the policy instruments. These findings suggest that majority of Taiwan higher education policy is administrative ordinances and is classified as legal and regulatory, human resource and investment policy instruments. According to this study, motivation, investment, and human resources are the most important policy instruments to use for improving knowledge diffusion in the higher-education system.
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