“The Criminal Victims Protection Act” is tantamount to a “criminal victims’ compensation act.” The establishment of such a compensatory system made the state’s role turning from an “interferor” - for attacking and preventing crime, to a “payor”- for compensating and protecting victims. A1though the Act was well intended, yet, due to lack of auxiliary measures, it turned out to be a piece of legislation feeding on illusions. Since its enactment is 1998, the workload of prosecutors’ offices has increased, yet the protection for criminal victims is still deficient. The author attempts to criticize this compensatory system and make numerous suggestions from the standpoint of “social law.” This article shall bring out the discussion and cases analysis for the compensatory provisions of criminal victims in the following orders: First, I shall analyze said Act from the viewpoint of traditional public law, try to find a constitutional basis for it. Then, I shall introduce the theory of state responsibility in the administrative law, and compare various scholars’ propositions for “social compensation” in administrative damages. Second, I shall set out from the standpoint of “social law”, introduces briefly relevant social law theory, and then try to find the position for criminal victims’ compensation in the entire social compensation system. Third, I shal1 introduce current provisions of the Criminal Victims Compensation Act, discuss experience of several real cases, analyze the issues of these cases, and make suggestions from the viewpoint of social law.