本文嘗試以歷史研究的方法，從相關的文獻與統計資料中，深入剖析戰後臺灣經濟的發展歷程，並以若干項指標來檢視其發展成果。同時探索影響臺灣經濟發展的重要因素，更針對有關臺灣經濟發展經驗略作分類與詮釋，最後則進一步展望臺灣經濟發展的前景。 在界定戰後的臺灣經濟歷程，本文係以十年為一區隔，概分成艱苦復建期、依賴成長期、高度成長期、調控重整期、積極轉型期、全面開放期、停滯轉折期等共七個階段。整體而言，經濟發展雖受到各界肯定，但並非毫無缺陷。當前臺灣經濟亦遭遇到發展的瓶頸，而如何突破這些困擾，再開創新的境界，遂成為各方關注與努力的課題。 對於影響臺灣經濟發展重大因素的剖析，大致可歸納成：文化論、制度論、依賴論等三種模式的詮釋。每一種模式在解析臺灣經濟發展經驗上，皆有其可取之處，惟若忽略其他項，而獨尊單一項，可能就犯了以偏概全之謬誤，這是在探究臺灣經濟發展經驗時，應有所警覺。因此，在觀察臺灣經濟發展歷程時，應採多元化與宏觀的角度，才能更深入而全面的瞭解。

This article tries to analyze postwar economic development progress of Taiwan thoroughly from relative documents and statistical data by methods of history research, and survey its development achievements with several indexes. Explore crucial factors, which affect economic development of Taiwan in the meantime; clarify and explain economic development experience of Taiwan briefly. At last, forecast prospects of economic development of Taiwan further. To define postwar economic progress of Taiwan, this text is divided into seven phases, including Arduous Reconstruction Phase, Dependent Growth Phase, Massive Growth Phase, Modulation Restructuring Phase, Active Transformation Phase, Entire Open Phase, and Sluggish Transition Phase, and each of them represents one decade. In general, although the economic development is approved by all circles, it is not flawless. The economy of Taiwan also faces a bottleneck of development nowadays. However, how to surmount these problems, and reopen new fields become tasks gradually for all circles to concern and strive for. As for the analysis of significant factors, which affects the economic development of Taiwan, it can be generalized roughly to three modes of explanation, Cultural Studies, Institutional Studies, and Dependent Studies. Each mode hads its advantages in the analysis of economic development experience of Taiwan. If neglect other items, and focus on only one item, it will be regarded as a falsehood of putting one tag on everyone, so this must be vigilant while researching economic development experience of Taiwan. Therefore, when observing economic development progress of Taiwan, only by adopting angles of diversification and macrocosm can we understand it deeper and completely.