2003年SARS疫情震撼全球，在尚未明瞭病源的感染途徑時，快速在世界各地傳播，造成嚴重的傷亡。本研究以臺北市四所公私立醫療院所服務人員與一般民眾為對象，探討個人屬性、疾病經驗對嚴重急性呼吸首症候群(SARS)疾病認知、防疫措施認知及社區參與態度之相關性。期望了解醫療人員與民眾歷經防疫過程的恐懼與紛亂之後，相關的認知與態度。研究結果顯示，在經過2003年秋冬的SARS侵襲後：(1)臺北市民眾在SARS防疫措施中發燒監測方面有較高的認知，對自主健康管理與居家隔離措施的認知普遍不高。對SARS主要症狀與預防方法認知愈差之民眾，在發燒監測方面之認知愈差；(2)臺北市民眾對SARS疾病之主要症狀與預防方法普遍有相當高的認知，30歲以下的民眾在SARS主要症狀、疫苗研發、及預防方法層面認知都較其他年齡層低；(3)在SARS預防措施中發燒監測認知愈高的民眾，對於社區中SARS事務參與及公共事務參與意願愈高，自主健康管理認知愈高的民眾有較高的意願參與社區之公共事務；(4)個人或親友曾有居家隔離經驗之民眾，對SARS疾病認知與防疫措施均有較高的認知；(5)民眾SARS疾病認知與預防措施認知間有高度相關，SARS疾病認知與社區參與態度間關係微弱，SARS預方措施與社區參與態度間為中度相關。

This research studies the opinions of citizens and medical service staff and professionals of both two pubic and private hospitals in Taipei area about the association between personal attributes, disease experience and disease cognition, disease control cognition, community participation of sever acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The result indicates that: (1) Taipei citizens have high cognition of fever detection dimension but low cognition of self-health management and living isolation dimensions but low cognition of self-health management and living isolation dimensions in the disease control cognition. The worse cognition of major symptom and prevention method of citizens; the worse cognition of fever detection dimension; (2) In general, Taipei citizens have high cognition about major symptom and prevention method. Citizens below 30 years old have lower cognition of major symptom, vaccine research, and prevention method than the other age group; (3) The higher cognition of fever detection of citizens, the higher motivation of SARS affairs participation and public affairs participation. The higher self-health management cognition of citizens, the higher motivation of public affairs participation; (4) Citizens have high disease cognition and disease control cognition if themselves or their relatives have the experience of living isolation; (5) The correlations of disease cognition and disease control cognition, disease cognition and community participation attitude, and disease control cognition and community participation attitude of citizens is high, low and moderate, respectively.