晚近 SARS 防治的經驗讓人深深地體會到，攸關未知疾病的恐慌成為我們社
會主流的集體記憶，在疫病的威脅中，究竟塑造了甚麼樣的國家體制與認同想像
發展的機運？國家體制與認同想像之間又存在著什麼樣的關係？倚著傅科知識
考掘式的文本解讀，藉由已然建立的口述歷史資料檔與親身參與 SARS 社區防疫
的經歷與紀錄，勾勒疫病蔓延時期的集體情愫來探索歷經日治時期、戰後的瘧疾
防治、與晚近的防煞經驗三個時期，發現疫病敘是蘊含威權管理取向與社區自主
取向的兩種國家體制，立基於不同的文化認同想像，台灣歷史上防疫經驗可導引我們下一個攸關民主與極權認同想像的重要決定。

Recently, the fighting against the SARS outbreak reminds us the public panic
toward disease epidemics deeply embedded in our collective memory. How do
epidemic outbreaks provide possibilities for state building and identity formation?
At the same time, what relations have been shaped between state building and identity
formation? Through applying the Focauldian text analysis to the narrated documents
of oral history and participatory observation, this paper inquires into the disease
control experiences under Japanese colonial regime, the efforts of malaria eradication
right after W.W.II, and the community mobilization during the SARS outbreak. Two
different state building strategies, authoritarian monitoring approach and community
autonomous approach, are evident based upon different cultural identities. In
conclusion, the disease control experiences in history will urge us to make critical
decision leading to democratic or authoritarian state building and identity formation.