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題名:當代帝國體系存亡之道:金融及諜報核心-以批判性全球政治經濟學反思美國作為帝國統轄全球之研究
作者:吳胤瓛
作者(外文):WU,YIN-HUNG
校院名稱:國防大學政治作戰學院
系所名稱:政治研究所
指導教授:莫大華
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2017
主題關鍵詞:帝國貨幣間諜情報大戰略批判性全球政治經濟學EmpireCurrencySpy Intelligence/EspionageGrand StrategyCritical Global Political Economy
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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迥異於大英帝國屬於經濟殖民主義乃是「資本輸出」(Вывоз капитала)的「帝國主義」。本研究認為當代作為全球壟斷資本統治體系的美國已是「金融輸出(美元輸出)」(Финансовый выход (выход долларов США)的「帝國」體系,買空賣空以美巨額國債及企業投資收割來自全球不論開發或未開發國家之財貨。霸權牽制國家對外政策,但帝國不只對國家之外交就連其內政也干預。
本研究為形塑更為全面而周延的全球政治經濟學反思思辨體例,於超體系層次整體全面觀點跨科際一元實體學術譜系中建立關於帝國研究(而非霸權研究)文明形態之後設批判,為豐富除了新/結構馬克思主義/新葛蘭西學派/全球史/後實證學派外之學術脈絡底蘊。
不同於問題解決理論維持現狀,批判理論以解放的(emancipatory)革命旨趣關注關係之來源與變遷過程,認為主體具有超越既存結構的能動力以探討權力、秩序與解放的議題,故本研究進一步判斷當代帝國體系已然超越「資本邏輯」暨「領土邏輯」之雙元辯證,當代帝國體系並非民族主權國家亦非政府政體,乃是指廣布全球、隱形的美元資本帝國,往下涵攝美國政府科層實體,即以與實體經濟分離之虛擬衍生性金融為驅動動力、以美元先後掛鉤黃金、石油暨結算及外債為全球壟斷操縱籌碼、以軍事武裝為憑藉,以貨幣流通轄境為版圖,爭奪標的乃是資源(如黃金、石油)與毒品,故美元資本帝國非屬政治性,純粹是經濟性地通過貨幣操控世界,因此決定當代帝國體系的不屬於任何一個國家,也不是美國政府機構,該公司的所有權(股權)屬個人擁有,且不對公眾開放上市交易其所有權(股權)之私人而非公部門,核心遂是決定美元的美國聯邦儲蓄系統中的美國聯邦公開市場操縱委員會(Federal Open Market Committee, FOMC)幕後之金權鉅子財閥及權貴家族而非美國總統,而研析美聯儲資產負債表膨脹收縮的經驗與路徑於當代帝國體系之周期(故非「生產方式」、亦非「積累」)上即具嶄新且單純審察意義,本研究以第二章中第二節以世界貿易組織爭端解決機制專利訴訟研析、第三節以世界銀行解決投資仲裁中之價值對沖與曝險研析揭露當代帝國體系主導之「苛治」(非善治)全球治理缺陷-機制設計刻意失衡之真相。本研究基於此將原有新帝國主義「資本邏輯」暨「領土邏輯」之宗旨納入大美作為帝國之假設命題為實徵研究。由於當代帝國體系迥異於古典帝國體系,帝國亦迥異於霸權,亦不適再沿襲霸權興衰分析架構,在歷經本研究,逐項就全球金融壟斷大戰略(第三章各節貨幣霸權:金本位-美元本位、國債、定價權、貨幣聯盟單一幣制在西非國家經濟共同體(ECOWAS)及海灣阿拉伯國家合作理事會(GCC)實現中之現實探討、跨國財閥併購)與全球諜報核心大戰略(第四章各節網絡戰及間諜監控:「梯陣」(Echlon)、「稜鏡」(Prism)或英「顳顬」(Tempora)計畫、以色列第六眼與網路武器:Stuxnet勒索電腦蠕蟲WannaCry/Wcry程式之商業模式等)審察。
綜上驗證發現全球化的真實目的乃美元帝國體系,美國作為鞏固確證美元地位與電子網絡情資操縱群眾(multutide)並掌轄全球統治之承載體,使全球民族國家聽從美國所主導的「資本邏輯」支配復透過間諜網絡強插代理人操縱政權更迭以降低活躍性市民社會隱密世界(covert world)反抗異端之遮蔽空間無所遁形(-「領土邏輯」),此帝國所奠基存亡之道於焉揭曉並引出數位貨幣如比特幣(Bitcoin)、以太坊(Ethereum)、瑞波幣(Ripple)、萊特幣(Litecoin)擴容之爭與區塊鏈淘汰世上所有銀行及石油業之抗暴。而美國軍事戰略上係以「幣緣」為主統攝「地緣」為輔之戰略利益棋盤乃體現。植基學術淵源脈絡上,本論文祈提出「金融核心」暨「諜報核心」之倡議,進而詮釋兩種積累邏輯之間關係的辯證發展軌跡和趨向已質變,以完成批判性全球政治經濟學對帝國之諸領域反思或生產結構、國家形式和世界秩序之解析並提出目前文獻研究相對尚缺少對全球情資偵搜實踐現況即諜報核心構面之創新思索。
In order to construct more comprehensive speculative of global political economy, in addition to enrich the new/structural Marxism/New Gramsci School/Global History/Post-positivism school, this research based on overview of interdisciplinary entity in the academic pedigree of the imperial study with critique interest.Via analysis of the Patent Litigation of the Dispute Settlement Mechanism of the World Trade Organization in chapter Two, about the investment arbitration of the World Bank exposing US power-dominated "mean&harsh governance "is truth of global flaws - deliberately design an imbalance.mechanism.(Ever no good governance)in embryo.Then I,auther took the " the capital logic" and "the territory logic" into the United States as the empire of the hypothesis proposition for the empirical study. The contemporary imperial system is not a national sovereign state is not a government system, but refers to the global, invisible dollar capital empire, down the culmination of the US government bureaucratic entity, that is, with the physical economy of virtual derivative financial driven, (Such as gold, oil) and drugs, so the dollar capital empire is not a political, purely economic, but also to the United States dollar for the global monopoly manipulation of chips, with military armed as a virtue, to currency circulation territory for the territory, Through the currency control of the world, so the decision of the contemporary imperial system does not belong to any one country, nor is the US government agencies, the company's ownership (ownership) is an individual owned, and not open to the public on its ownership (equity) private , The core of which is the US Federal Reserve System, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), which is the US federal savings system that determines the dollar, not the president of the United States.As the contemporary imperial system is very different from the classical empire system, the empire is also very different from the hegemony, nor is it appropriate to follow the rise and fall of Great Power analysis structure. After the study by one by one on the global financial monopoly strategy (Chapter IV,the various sections of the currency hegemony: gold standard–US dollar standard,National bonds, pricing power, monetary union, cross-border Multinational Conglomerate mergers and acquisitions) and the global core strategy of espionage (Chapter V, the network war and spy monitoring: “Echlon”, "Prism" or "Tempora",Israel's Sixth Eye and Internet Weapons: Stuxnet Program,etc.).
In summary verification,this research found that the United States do confirm the status of the dollar and the electronic network of intelligence,for dominate the masses (multutide) and the global rule through the spy network to insert agents to manipulate the regime change from ISIS, intervene in Kuwait, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Libya, Syrian civil war,the empire of the foundation of the survival of the road was announced.In this paper,we hope to put forward the initiative of "the financial core" and "the espionage core", and then explain the dialectical development trajectory and trend of the relationship between the two accumulation logic to complete the CGPE(ccritical global political economy), the reflection of the state of production and the state of the world. Meanwhile,the current literature research is still relatively lack creative speculative of global intelligence investigation status quo.
一、中文部分
(一)專書
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東鳥,2014。《數據獵殺:一場輸不起的全球網路戰爭》,臺北:上奇時代。
東鳥,2013。《失控的正當性:揭密斯諾登背後的超規模全球監聽計畫》,臺北:上奇時代。
東鳥,2013。《全球最危險的人物:朱利安‧阿桑奇 維基解密創辦人阿桑奇,改寫全球人民對公權力的信念》,臺北:上奇時代。
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張文貞、葉俊榮、王必芳等,2005。《緊急狀態法制之探討行政院研究》。臺北:行政院研究發展考核委員會。
彭慧鸞,2011。《網路安全治理的新紀元從美國網際網路國際戰略談起》。臺北:國立政治大學國際關係研究中心。
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(二) 專書譯著
Anne-Marie Slaughter,馬占斌、田潔譯,2009。《這才是美國:如何在一個危險的世界中堅守我們的價值》。北京:新星出版社。
Bernard Bourdeix著,高楓楓譯,2010。《世界級陰謀》(Le grand livre des conspirations)。江蘇:人民出版社。
Luke Harding著,何星、周仁華、李廣才、花愛萍、孫志明譯,2014。《斯諾登檔案:世界最大洩密事件內幕揭秘》。北京:金城出版社。
Gordon Thomas著,枝椏譯,2005。《以色列情報局》(MOSSAD)。臺北:智庫文化。
Robert Kagan & William Kristol 著,楊紫函等譯,2002。《當前威脅:美國外交與國防政策的危機與契機》(Present Dangers:Crisis and Opportunity in American Foreign and Defense Policy) 。臺北:國防部。
John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt著,楊永生譯,2003。《網路及網路戰》(Networks and. Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, And Militancy)。臺北:國防部。
Steven Metz著,國防部史政編譯局譯,2002。《美國戰略:美國四年期國防總檢的議題與方案》(American Strategy:Issues and Alternatives for the Quadrennial Defense Review) 。臺北:國防部。
(三) 期刊論文
張明偉,2010/12。〈監聽風雲-以通訊監察進行國家情報工作之規範檢討〉,《軍法專刊》,第56卷第6期,頁164-181。new window
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北京市 : 北京大學出版社, 2006.
資本主義不是什麼 What capitalism is not / 許寶強著上海市 : 上海人民出版社, 2007
資本主義全球化的瘋狂邏輯/ 威廉.格雷德(William Greider)著 ; 張定準,周新琦,夏家駟譯北京 : 社會科學文獻出版社, 2003
批判的範式 : 帝國主義政治經濟學 / 羅納德.H.奇爾科特主編 ; 施楊譯.
(Chilcote, Ronald H.) 北京 : 社會科學文獻出版社, 2001.
世界史的結構 / 柄谷行人著 ; 林暉鈞譯.
臺北市 : 心靈工坊文化出版 ; [新北市新莊區] : 大和書報總經銷, 2013[民102]
國際關係中的野蠻與文明/ 馬克.B.索爾特(Mark B. Salter)著 ; 肖歡容等譯. 北京 : 華新, 2004.
全球化下的後殖民省思 / 李英明著. 臺北市, 2003[民92] : 生智出版 : 揚智文化總經銷.new window
控訴帝國: 21世紀世界秩序中的全球化及其抵抗 Hardt Michael Negri Antonio Aronowitz Stanley桂林 : 廣西師範大學出版社, 2004.
帝國 / 麥可.哈德(Michael Hardt), 安東尼奧.納格利(Antonio Negri)作 ; 韋本, 李尚遠譯.Hardt MichaelNegri Antonio 1933-韋本 李尚遠臺北市 ; [臺北縣新店市], 2002[民91] : 商周出版 :
城邦文化發行 : 農學總經銷.
超克現代 : 台社後/殖民讀本 / 陳光興編. 臺北市 : 臺灣社會研究雜誌出版 : 唐山發行, 2010[民99]
邁向國際法治 : 聯合國對人道主義危機的回應 [簡體書] / 讓-馬克.誇克(Jean-Marc Coicaud)著 ; 周景興譯
帝國的話語政治 : 從近代中西衝突看現代世界秩序的形成 / 劉禾著 ; 楊立華等譯. 北京市 : 生活.讀書.新知三聯書店, 2009.
全球化與資本主義危機 /金寶瑜著臺北市 : 巨流, 民94new window
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帝國 : 全球化的政治秩序 / Hardt MichaelNegri Antonio著 ; 楊建國,范一亭譯.
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漫長的20世紀 [簡體書] : 金錢、權力與我們社會的根源 / (意)傑奧瓦尼.阿銳基(Giovanni Arrighi)著 ; 姚乃強, 嚴維明, 韓振榮譯南京市 : 江蘇人民出版社, 2001
透過錢眼看大國興衰 / 波音作. 臺北市 : 遠流, 2013[民102]
粉碎邪惡軸心 : 如何在二0二五年之前消滅世界上最後的獨裁者 = Breaking the Real Axis of Evil / 馬克.帕瑪(Mark Palmer)著 ; 王文昱譯. 美國, 2005[民94] : 博大出版.
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平衡:從古羅馬到今日美國的大國興衰: Glenn Hubbard & Tim Kane, 中信出版社,2015
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(四)論文
吳胤瓛,2002/12/14-15。〈美國對外戰略的雙軌操縱與歐洲反應-以Echelon間諜情報網及海外駐軍基地部署為例〉,「臺灣政治學會2002年年會暨全球化與臺灣政治」學術研討會。嘉義國立中正大學:臺灣政治學會。頁1-32。
丁崑耀,2007,二十一世紀的世界秩序影像:美國帝國與後現代帝國論述之競逐,國立中山大學政治學研究所碩士論文。

(五) 網際網路
丁剛,2000/2/ 25。〈歐盟揭露美國電子間諜網〉,《人民日報》,〈http://www.people.com.cn/BIG5/channel2/18/20000225/7342.html〉。
2011/1/10。〈陸軍網絡司令部(ARCYBER)〉,《知遠戰略與防務研究所論壇》,〈http://forum.defence.org.cn/archiver/?tid-35291.html〉。
2013/6/14。〈美龐大情報監控系統曝光 能監聽國家領導人通訊〉,《中國網軍事》, 〈http://big5.china.com.cn/gate/big5/military.china.com.cn/2013-06/14/content_29123220_2.htm〉。
2013/6/30/。〈揭開美國網軍面紗:純銅包裹建築防信號外泄〉,《京報網-北京晚報》,〈http://news.xinhuanet.com/info/2013-06/23/c_132478458.htm〉。
二、外文部分
(一) 官方文件
EUROPEAN UNION,2001/7/11,”2001 EU Parliament Report: Echelon Global Private and Commercial Communications Interception System “,
〈http://publicintelligence.net/2001-eu-parliament-report-echelon-global-private-and-commercial-communications-interception-system/ 〉〈 http://info.publicintelligence.net/ECHELONreport.pdf〉
(二)專書
James Bamford, 1983.The Puzzle Palace: A Report on America's Most Secret Agency. Penguin Books
Bob Woodward, 1975/10/13 ,"Messages of Activists Intercepted" ,Washington Post, pp. A1, A14.
Jeffrey T. Richelson, The U.S. Intelligence Community (Cambridge: Ballinger, 2nd ed., 1989/Boulder:
Westview Press, 3rd ed., 1995; 4th ed., 1999); See also the World Wide Web site of the Federation of
American Scientists, 〈http://fas.org/irp/offdocs/dcid16.htm〉
Amano, R. A and S. Norden, (1998),“Oil Prices and the Rise and Fall of the U.S. Real Exchange Rate”, Journal of International Money and Finance, vol.17,299-316.
Bollerslev, T. (1986), “Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity,” Journal of Econometrics, 31, 307-27.
Camarero, M. and C. Tamarit, (2002),“Oil prices and Spanish competitiveness: A cointegrated panel analysis”, Journal of Policy Modeling, vol.24, 591-605.
Capie, F. , Mills, T. C. and Wood, G. (2005),“Gold as a Hedge against The Dollar”, Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions & Money, vol.15, 343-352. 53 Cologni, A. and M. Manera (2008),“Oil prices, Inflation and Interest Rates in a Structural Cointegrated VAR model for the G-7 Countries”, Energy Economics, vol.30, 856-888.
Dooley, M. P., P. Isard and M.P. Taylor(1995)“Exchange rates, country-specific shocks, and gold”, Applied Financial Economics, vol.5, 121-129.
Engle, R. F. (1982), “Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation,” Econometrica, 50, 987-1008.
Nelson, Charles R., and Charles Plosser (1982), “Trends and random walks on macroeconomic time series”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 10, 139-162.
Nikos, K. (2006),“Commodity prices and the influence of the US dollar”, World GoldCouncil.
Phillips, P., and P. Perron. (1989). “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression.”Biometrika. Vol. 75, pp. 335–346.
Rautava, J. (2004),“The role of oil prices and the real exchange rate in Russia’s economy –a cointegration approach”, Journal of Comparative Economics, 2004, vol. 32, issue 2,315-327.
(三)期刊論文
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