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題名:注意力缺陷過動症成人生涯發展經驗之研究
作者:施彥亨
作者(外文):Shih, Yen-Heng
校院名稱:臺北市立大學
系所名稱:教育學系
指導教授:藍瑋琛
楊坤堂
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2019
主題關鍵詞:注意力缺陷過動症成人生涯發展ADHD adultscareer development
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本研究旨在探討ADHD成人的生涯發展經驗,邀請15位ADHD成人參加本研究,以深度訪談為主要蒐集資料的方法,輔以研究參與者的著作、筆記、臉書貼文,以及研究者之研究札記,以還原他們的生涯發展歷程,並探討影響ADHD成人生涯發展的因素。本研究之發現如下:
一、15位研究參與者之職業可以分為七種,分別是特教老師與特教助理員、待業者、電信業務員、藝術工作者、生態保育者、社工相關工作與醫師。
二、研究參與者描述,ADHD特質會使他們對於喜歡之事務,較一般人更為投入,而且使他們感到富有同理心、精力旺盛、有創意、點子多、對生態敏感,這些特質有助於其生涯發展。ADHD之負面影響為,影響個案的情緒穩定、學業成就、校園適應和人際關係,也影響個案的職涯選擇、職涯穩定、職涯表現、進修與升遷機會。研究參與者中,有十二位接納本身的ADHD特質,有三位無法接納。
三、為因應ADHD對生涯的負面影響,本研究之參與者尋求醫療、特教、教育等專業評估與協助,並運用其他方法像是規律運動、自我提醒、調整環境等,來做為因應策略。
四、影響本研究參與者生涯發展的因素,還有個人條件、家長教養策略與家庭支持、教師與教學、重要他人、經濟考量、教養子女、興趣與宗教。
五、本研究參與者感到有興趣的職涯為特殊教育、藝術相關工作、生態保育、社工相關工作和業務員。ADHD個案缺乏興趣或可能不適合的行業為具有(一)冗長、單調,一成不變;(二)固定時間,固定地點;(三)需要細心,注意細節;(四)需要精算、校對和稽核;(五)瑣碎的行政事務性質的行業。
本研究根據研究結果提出相關建議給ADHD個案、家長、人事、教育工作者以及未來研究者做參考。
關鍵字:注意力缺陷過動症成人、生涯發展
This study proposes to explore exactly the issue on the career development experiences of ADHD adults in Taiwan. To this end, fifteen adults with ADHD were recruited for the study. Data were collected through in-depth interview, supplemented by the participants’ writings (journals, notes, and posts on Facebook) as well as the researcher’s field notes. Through these means, this study retraces the participants’ career development and explores the factors which affected the development. The findings of this study are summarized as follows:
1.Our research participants’ careers are divided into seven groups. They are special educators, an unemployed, a telecommunication sale, art related jobs, ecological protectors , social workers and a psychiatrist.
2.Our research participants reported that their traits of ADHD make them more concentrated on interesting activities than their non-ADHD peers do, and ADHD traits also make them feel empathetic, optimistic, energetic, creative as well as sensitive to ecology, which are beneficial to their career development. The negative impacts of ADHD include: Extreme emotion, poor academic achievement, poor interpersonal relationship, restricted career option, unstable or changeable career, career underperformance and limited promotion opportunity. Among our research participants, twelve participants accept ADHD traits themselves, whereas three participants deny to accept them.
3.The research participants seek for professional help, such as medical, pedagogical and special educational assessment and intervention, and they also employ other strategies such as regular excise, self-remind, environmental adjustment, to cope with negative impacts of ADHD traits above mentioned.
4.Other factors which can affect career development include: Personal inputs parenting methods, family supports, educational and teaching factors, important persons, health status, economic consideration, participants’ interest, religion and child-rearing factors.
5.The careers which attratct our research participants are special education related careers, art related careers, ecology protection careers, social work related careers and sales. They do not seem at all interested in the following careers: (a) Monotonous, lengthy and undiversified careers; (b) Careers with inflexible schedule and fixed place; (c) Careers require patience and carefulness;(d) Careers require to proofread, calculate precisely, and(e) Caeers require to deal with trivial administrative affairs.
According to the above-mentioned findings, some recommendations are provided to ADHD clients, parents, educators, human resource personnel and future researchers.
Key Words:ADHD adults, career development
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