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題名：The Role of Schooling in Taiwan's Labor Market: Human Capital, Screening, or Credentialism?
書刊名：臺灣社會學刊
作者：劉正 引用關係／Sakamoto,Arthur
作者(外文)：Liu, Jeng
出版日期：2002
卷期：29
頁次：頁1-56
主題關鍵詞：人力資本；篩選標準；文憑主義；勞動生產力；Human capital；Screening；Credentialism；Labor productivity
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(17) 博士論文(0) 專書(2) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:15
  • 共同引用共同引用:38
  • 點閱點閱:73
個人的教育與其社會經濟成就之間有密切的關係。然而，這種關係係源自於其人力資本的增加與生產能力的提升？勞動市場之篩選？或僅是文憑主義的作用？則為有關社會階層化研究的普遍爭議。雖然，這三種說法對教育與社會經濟地位的關聯性所提出之理由各有不同，但卻未見學界有系統的比較各理論之適用性，也不曾對此等理論進行過決斷性的驗証。我們經由分析各種代表學校教育的量化指標對經濟生產力產生的影響效果，試圖釐清學校教育在勞動市場中所扮演的角色。實際操作上，本文使用了近二十年來的台灣人力運用調查資料及各相關的官方統計報告，以產業別為單位，分析了製造業勞工之教育成就與其平均生產力的關係。部分結果呈現出台灣勞動市場篩選的事實，但對人力資本理論的支持程度則更為明顯。
A classic issue in social stratification is whether the correlation between an individual's education and his or her socioeconomic attainment is derived from increased productivity (i.e., human capital), labor market screening or simply from his or her credentials (credentialism). All three theories predict an association between education and socioeconomic status, but they differ with regard to the precise underlying causes of such a relationship. While previous research has largely avoided the challenge of empirically testing these three competing explanations, here we provide some relevant findings to tackle this research dilemma. More specifically, we investigate the effects of different measures of schooling on productivity so as to provide systematic evidence that is pertinent to distinguishing between the different perspectives in an empirical manner. The results of our analysis of recent data on productivity and schooling in Taiwanese manufacturing industries clearly support the view of education as productive human capital and provide limited backing for the notion of a mechanism for labor market screening. Since these results only pertain to the manufacturing sector, they cannot be used to generalize about the entire economy. Nonetheless, we conclude that our findings demonstrate that this difficult research problem can indeed be empirically investigated and that, in the future, researchers should consider revisiting the challenge of understanding the nature of the various effects of education on social stratification.
期刊論文
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3.Sakamoto, Arthur、Powers, Daniel A.(1995)。Education and the Dual Labor Market for Japanese Men。American Sociological Review，60(2)，222-246。  new window
4.Ross, Catherine E.、Mirowsky, John(1999)。Refining the Association Between Education and Health: The Effects of Quantity, Credential, and Selectivity。Demography，36(4)，445-460。  new window
5.Weiss, A.(1995)。Human Capital vs. Signaling Explanations of Wages。Journal of Economic Perspectives，9(4)，133-154。  new window
6.Zimmerman, David J.、Ashenfelter, Orley(199702)。Estimates of the Returns to Schooling from Sibling Data: Fathers, Sons, and Brothers。Review of Economics and Statistics，79(1)，1-9。  new window
7.于若蓉、朱敬一(19980300)。臺大「惠我良多」？--論各大學畢業生初出校門的表現。經濟論文叢刊，26(1)，65-89。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.Sakamoto, Arthur、Chen, Meichu D.(1991)。Inequality and Attainment in a Dual Labor Market。American Sociological Review，56(3)，295-308。  new window
9.劉正、李錦華(20011200)。文憑主義的迷思：從勞工的薪資與雇主的徵才談起。臺灣教育社會學研究，1(2)，91-129。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Walters, Pamela Barnhouse、Rubinson, Richard(1983)。Educational expansion and economic output in the United States, 1890-1969: A production function analysis。American Sociological Review，48(4)，480-493。  new window
11.Collins, Randall(1971)。Functional and conflict theories of educational stratification。American Sociological Review，36(6)，1002-1019。  new window
12.黃毅志(19981000)。教育階層、教育擴充與經濟發展。國立政治大學社會學報，28，25-55。  延伸查詢new window
13.Meyer, John W.(1977)。The Effects of Education as an Institution。American Journal of Sociology，83(1)，55-77。  new window
14.江豐富(19900900)。文憑主義在臺灣勞動市場的重要性--以學歷取才還是以人力資本取才。經濟論文，18(2)，129-178。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.Davis, Kingsley、Moore, Wilbert E.(1945)。Some principles of stratification。American Sociological Review，10(2)，242-249。  new window
16.Krueger, A.、Ashenfelter, O.(1994)。Estimates of the Economic Returns to Schooling from a New Sample of Twins。The American Economic Review，84，1157-1173。  new window
17.Sorensen, A. B.(197909)。A Model and a Metric for the Analysis of the Intragenerational Status Attainment Process。American Journal of Sociology，85(2)，361-384。  new window
18.Petersen, T.(1992)。Individual, Collective, and Systems Rationality in Work Groups: Dilemmas and Market-Type Solutions。American Journal of Sociology，98(3)，469-510。  new window
19.Hirsch, B. T.(1978)。Predicting Earnings Distributions Across Cities: The Human Capital Model vs. the National Distribution Hypothesis。The Journal of Human Resources，13(3)，366-384。  new window
20.Hirsch, B. T.(1982)。The Interindustry Structure of Unionism, Earnings, and Earnings Dispersion。Industrial and Labor Relations Review，36，22-39。  new window
21.Hale, C. W.、Main, R.(1977)。Size Distribution of Individual Income in Large United States Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas: 1963 and 1967。Journal of Regional Science，17，255-270。  new window
22.Galle, O. R.、Wiswell, C. H.、Burr, J. A.(1985)。Racial Mix and Industrial Productivity。American Sociological Review，50，20-33。  new window
23.Boylan, R. D.(1993)。The Effect of the Number of Diplomas on Their Value。Sociology of Education，66(3)，206-221。  new window
會議論文
1.譚康榮、Tang, Stephen(1998)。What Do the Quantity and Quality of Schooling Do? Evidence and Implications。Taipei。  new window
圖書
1.Farkas, G.(1996)。Human Capital or Cultural Capital? Ethnicity and Poverty Groups in an Urban School District。New York：Aldine De Gruyter。  new window
2.Thurow, L. C.(1975)。Generating Inequality: Mechanisms of Distribution in the U. S. Economy。New York, NY：Basic Books。  new window
3.Berg, I.(1970)。Education and Jobs: The Great Training Robbery。New York, NY：Praeger Publishers。  new window
4.Becker, Gary S.(1975)。Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education。Chicago：The University of Chicago Press。  new window
5.Greene, W. H.(2000)。Econometric Analysis。New York：Macmillan。  new window
6.Collins, R.(1979)。The credential society: A historical sociology of education and stratification。New York：Academic Press。  new window
7.Schiller, B. R.(1984)。The Economics of Poverty and Discrimination。Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
8.Johnston, J.(1984)。Econometric Methods。New York, NY：McGraw-Hill Borh Company。  new window
9.Denison, Edward Fulton(1962)。The Sources of Economic Growth in the United States and the Alternatives before Us。New York：Committee for Economic Development。  new window
10.章英華、薛承泰、黃毅志(1996)。教育分流與社會經濟地位：兼論對技職教育改革的政策意涵。臺北：行政院教育改革審議委員會。  延伸查詢new window
11.Bowles, Samuel、Gintis, Herbert(1976)。Schooling in Capitalist America: Educational Reform and the Contradictions of Economic Life。New York：Basic Books。  new window
12.Featherman, David L.、Hauser, Robert M.(1978)。Opportunity and Change。New York：Academic Books。  new window
13.Goldberger, A. S.(1991)。A Course in Econometrics。A Course in Econometrics。Cambridge。  new window
14.Aaron, H. J.(1978)。Politics and the Professors。Politics and the Professors。Washington, DC。  new window
15.Tomaskovic-Devey, D.(1988)。Market Concentration and Structural Power as Sources of Industrial Productivity。Industries, Firms, and Jobs: Sociological and Economic Approaches。New York, NY。  new window
16.Levin, H. M.(1977)。A Decade of Policy Developments in Improving Education and Training for Low-Income Populations。A Decade of Federal Antipoverty Programs。NY。  new window
17.Kendrick, J. W.(1976)。The Formation and Stocks of Total Capital。The Formation and Stocks of Total Capital。NY。  new window
18.Jorgenson, D. W.、Griliches, Z.(1995)。The Explanation of Productivity Change。Productivity, Volume 1: Postwar U. S. Economic Growth。Cambridge, MA。  new window
19.Jorgenson, D. W.、Fraumeni, B. M.(1995)。The Accumulation of Human and Nonhuman Capital, 1948-84。Productivity, Volume 1: Postwar U. S. Economic Growth。Cambridge, MA。  new window
20.Jorgenson, D. W.(1984)。The Contribution of Education to U. S. Economic Growth。Education and Economic Productivity。Cambridge, MA。  new window
21.Chiswick, B. R.(1974)。Income Inequality: Regional Analyses within a Human Capital Model。Income Inequality: Regional Analyses within a Human Capital Model。NY。  new window
22.Bidwell, C. E.、Friedkin, N. E.(1988)。The Sociology of Education。Handbook of Sociology。Newbury Park, CA。  new window
23.Dickens, W. T.、Katz, L. F.(1987)。Inter-Industry Wage Difference and Industry Characteristics。Unemployment and the Structure of Labor Markets。New York, NY。  new window
24.Kendrick, J. W.、Grossman, E. S.(1980)。Productivity in the United States。Productivity in the United States。Baltimore, MD。  new window
25.Sorensen, A. B.、Kalleberg, A. L.(1981)。An Outline of a Theory of the Matching of Persons to Jobs。Sociological Perspectives on Labor Markets。New York, NY。  new window
26.Sorensen, A. B.(1994)。Firms, Wages, and Incentives。Handbook of Economic Sociology。NY。  new window
27.Rubinson, R.、Browne, I.(1994)。Education and the Economy。The Handbook of Economic Sociology。Princeton, NJ。  new window
28.Jorgenson, D. W.、Fraumeni, B. M.(1995)。Investment in Education and U. S. Economic Growth。Productivity, Volume 1: Postwar U. S. Economic Growth。Cambridge, MA。  new window
29.Bluestone, B.(1977)。Economic Theory and the Fate of the Poor。Power and Ideology in Education。NY。  new window
30.Griliches, Z.(1970)。Notes on the Role of Education in Production Functions and Growth Accounting。Education, Income, and Human Capital。New York, NY。  new window
圖書論文
1.Card, David(1999)。The Causal Effect of Education on Earnings。Handbook of Labor Economics。Elsevier Science。  new window
2.Schultz, T. W.(1961)。Education and Economic Growth。Social Forces Influencing American Education。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
3.Duncan, Otis Dudley(1961)。A Socioeconomic Index for All Occupations。Occupations and Social Status。New York, NY：Free Press。  new window
4.Lang, K.、Dickens, W. T.(1988)。Neoclassical and Sociological Perspectives on Segmented Labor Markets。Industries, Firms, and Jobs。New York：Plenum Press。  new window
5.蔡瑞明、林大森(2000)。教育與勞力市場的連結：以臺灣的教育分流為例。市場、階級與政治：變遷中的華人社會。香港：中文大學香港亞太研究所。  延伸查詢new window
6.Bourdieu, Pierre(1977)。Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction。Power and Ideology in Education。New York, NY：Oxford University Press。  new window
7.Spence, M.(1981)。Signaling, Screening, and Information。Studies in Labor Markets。Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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