One of the historical propositions best representing the focus pertaining to the conflicts of the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in contemporary Chinese history is the "Three Great Policies" of the 1920s alliance with Soviet Russia, alliance with the CCP, and the support of peasants and workers. According to the Communists, the "Three Great Policies," first proposed by Sun Yat-sen, were significant policies passed in the First plenum of the KMT. The Kuomintang, however, denied this version by stating that it was Michael Borodin who created this term in the first place, and that it had never adopted these policies. What is the truth? As far as the historical fact is concerned, the Communists admitted that, they rather than Sun Yat-sen, had formulated the "Three Great Policies," which were then accepted through common practice Both the KMT and the CCP were firmly aware of the fact that the historical interpretation of the "Three Great Policies" determined which one of the two could claim revolutionary legitimacy. Therefore, the discrepancy between their interpretations emerged as a critical issue. Adopting the principle "Accept Sun Yat-sen, and Hence We Accept Ourselves," the Communists, for a long time, had continued to emphasize that the "Three Great Policies" were the primary content Sun used to reinterpret the "Neo-Three Principles of the People" in the KMT's first plenum. Among the three, alliance with the CCP was the pivotal aspect. By, utilizing theories, propaganda, and moral appeal, the Communists on one hand derogated Chiang Kai-shek as the chief reactionary right-winger, edging him out from the spectrum of politics at that time as well as .from history for good. On the other hand, however, the Communists stressed that they had been cooperating, with the left-wings in the KMT, continuously defending Sun's "Three Great Policies," so as to pave the way to the ovenwhelming victory of the new democratic revolution. Therefore, the CCP not only was bracketed with the KMT in regard to the historical position, but also, in a logical sense, reversed "anti-communism" into a term which opposed Sun Yat-sen and betrayed revolution. Meanwhile, the KMT's denial of the "Three Great Policies" was tantamount to the disposal of the "Neo-Three Principles of the People," and thus undoubtedly forfeited the Legitimacy of revolution. As this research finds, it was true that Sun Yat-sen never proposed nor passed the "Three Great Policies," and that the Communists further expounded on and utilized the "Three Great Policies" afterwards. These two aspects cannot be over looked, since they were the historical origin of the role of the "Three Great Policies" in the conflict over the revolutionary legitimacy of the KMT and the CCP.