就原住民土地權利及相關爭議而言，近年來「傳統領域」訴求所受到的關注雖與日俱增，然而理應獲得更充分之制度性保障的「原住民保留地」，實際上是否已達成法令所宣稱「保障原住民生計」之政策目的，亦是一個不應被遺忘的課題。本文首先就淵源已久之原住民保留地政策進行靜態描述，繼之以法實證研究取徑，透過閱讀高等行政法院高雄分院之原住民保留地相關判決，發掘原住民保留地政策所實際發生的糾紛，並藉以對照原住民土地權利於既有國家體制下所面臨之結構性困境，包括其與行政科層體系、環境保護訴求、資本主義邏輯間的衝突與隔閡，期能引發關注，共思改善途徑。

Although the recent appeal to ”traditional territories” has increasingly caught the attention in terms of indigenous land right and related issues, it is also a significant issue whether indigenous people's reservation land, which ought to have more adequate institutional protection, has actually reached the objective of ”ensuring the life of indigenous people” that the ordinances claim. This paper first advances static discussion about the indigenous people's reservation land policy which has been in existence for a long time. From the reading of empirical legal studies and the related decrees regarding indigenous people's reservation land made by the High Court Kaohsiung Branch, disputes brought about by the indigenous people's reservation land policy have been unearthed which highlight the need to improve indigenous people's land rights in contrast with the structural difficulties that the existing state form confronts, including the conflict and the gaps within itself among administrative bureaucracy, appeals to environmental protection and the logic of Capitalism.