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題名：金融危機對臺灣社會政策的衝擊：仍然是路徑依賴嗎？
書刊名：社會政策與社會工作學刊
作者：陳盈方／呂建德 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chen, Ying-fang／Lue, Jen-der
出版日期：2012
卷期：16:2
頁次：頁191-246
主題關鍵詞：金融危機；社會保障改革；路徑依賴；生產性褔利；臺灣；Financial crisis；Social protection reform；Path dependence；Productive；Taiwan
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:3
  • 共同引用共同引用:49
  • 點閱點閱:124
2008／2009年受到美國次級房貸風暴之影響，全球面臨了嚴重的金融海嘯危機。台灣亦在此波危機中遭受嚴重的衝擊，不僅失業潮創下歷年新高，勞動市場亦掀起一波無薪休假潮，人民所得差距擴大、Gini係數增加、消費支出和儲蓄率減少，致使諸多勞工面臨就業、所得縮減與貧窮的風險。傳統悲觀論者、樂觀論者或是制度主義學者對全球化和金融危機下，福利支出的擴張和限縮有不同的看法。但多數研究早已喪失了國家角色在處理金融危機的治理能力之關注。因此，本文試圖將國家的角色帶回來，並探討台灣政府在此次危機中，其社會保障的回應策略為何？並檢討其社會保障因應措施，是延續或改變既有的制度規範，以及其改革方向是否能有效因應金融海嘯所帶來的衝擊，進而改變過去的生產性福利介入方式。然而，本文發現台灣政府在此次改革過程中，仍受限於過去的生產主義式福利提供模式，著重在經濟政策的介入，社會保障制度則次之。且這些介入方式和財政擴張卻是短暫的，並在後金融危機時期開始限縮，主要係受制於不斷攀升的舉債壓力。觀諸政策的成效，政府著重在刺激經濟成長的策略，受薪階級似乎無法享受到成長的果實：利用租稅來減少貧富差距的效果，卻10年來幾乎毫無變化。因而，政府於此次危機的角色，仍依循過去生產主義式的路徑依賴，並未產生制度轉型的現象，且短期利益的社會給付模式仍是現行社會政策發展的路徑。長遠來說，政府若不改變既有的社會福利介入模式，並積極思考技術結構轉型和建立完善的社會安全網之問題，將迫使人民的生活更不穩定。必須要有系統性與典範性的思考才能解決台灣福利結構性失衡的問題。
The financial crisis in 2008/2009 hit most of countries in the world. Taiwan also faced serious recession, such as high unemployment rate, increasing income inequality and poverty rate. A large number of workers were excluded from labor market and suffered poverty risk. Conventionally, efficacy theory and complementary approach hold opposite opinions about how the welfare state responses to globalization or financial crisis. However, they ignore that the state has the capacity of governance on social protection. In this article, we bring the role o f the welfare state back into analysis to elucidate how the Taiwanese government dealt with the 2008/2009 financial crisis. Was the reform a path dependence or a paradigm change? In conclusion, we find that social protect ion reform s in Taiwan were constrained by productivism. Economic growth will eventually lift people out of poverty. Thus, the government concentrated resources on the financial and bank sectors, but social protection received less attention. Although government expenditure expanded during the crisis period, it was temporary. After the crisis, the government cut social expenditure. Promoting economic growth and cutting tax did not have positive impacts on working class and income inequality. Although the income transfer programs helped to reduce income inequality in 2008/2009, the government is reluctant to further income transfer programs. Thus, we concluded that the welfare reforms did not transform the Taiwanese welfare state toward social investment welfare state, but still stuck to productivism. In the long run, the Taiwanese social security system will be not sufficient to protect people if the government does not overhaul the social security system.
期刊論文
1.曾敏傑(20010600)。中高齡勞工失業現況與變遷：1982與1996年失業潮之比較。臺灣社會學刊，25，243-279。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.李健鴻(20061200)。僱用獎助方案的診斷與分析。就業安全，5(2)，34-39。  延伸查詢new window
3.Garrett, Geoffrey(1998)。Global Markets and National Politics: Collision Course or Virtuous Circle?。International Organization，52(4)，787-824。  new window
4.Holliday, Ian(2000)。Productivist Welfare Capitalism: Social Policy in East Asia。Political Studies，48(4)，706-723。  new window
5.Rudra, Nita(2002)。Globalization and the Decline of the Welfare State in Less-Developed Countries。International Organization，56(2)，411-445。  new window
6.Lee, Yih-Jiunn、Ku, Yeun-wen(2007)。East Asian Welfare Regimes: Testing the Hypothesis of the Developmental Welfare State。Social Policy and Administration，41(2)，197-212。  new window
7.呂建德(20011200)。從福利國家到競爭式國家？：全球化與福利國家的危機。臺灣社會學，2，263-313。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.呂建德、邱靖惠、陳昭榮(2003)。經濟全球化對於台灣勞動體制的衝擊：競爭與保護部門的差異。2003台灣社會學年會研討會，台灣社會學會：政治大學社會系主辦 。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.行政院主計處(2009)。民國97年家庭收支調查報告。台北：行政院主計處。  延伸查詢new window
2.周國偉、吳孟道(201004)。金融海嘯與台灣金融市場壓力及因應政策。國家政策研究基金會。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Hacker, Jacob S.(2002)。The divided welfare state: The battle over public and private social benefits in the United States。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.行政院主計處(2007)。受僱員工薪資調查與生產力統計年報。台北：行政院主計處。  延伸查詢new window
3.Glyn, A.(2006)。Capitalism unleashed。Oxford, England：Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Rodrik, Dani(1997)。Has Globalization Gone Too Far?。Washington, D. C.：Institute for International Economics。  new window
5.Esping-Andersen, Gøsta(1990)。The Three World of Welfare Capitalism。Oxford：Polity Press。  new window
6.林宗弘、洪敬舒、李健鴻、王兆慶、張烽益(2011)。崩世代：財團化、貧窮化與少子女化的危機。臺北：臺灣勞工陣線協會。  延伸查詢new window
7.Johnson, Chalmers(1982)。MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-1975。Stanford University Press。  new window
其他
1.行政院主計處(2011)。就業、失業統計，http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=17144&ctNode=3246&mp=1。  延伸查詢new window
2.行政院主計處(2009)。國民經濟動向統計季報第124 期。  延伸查詢new window
3.行政院主計處(2009)。國民經濟動向統計季報第125 期。  延伸查詢new window
4.行政院主計處(2010)。99年家庭收支調查報告。  延伸查詢new window
5.行政院主計處(2011)。國民經濟動向統計季報第132期。  延伸查詢new window
6.行政院主計處(2011)。人力資源調查。  延伸查詢new window
7.行政院主計處(2011)。國民所得與經濟成長。  延伸查詢new window
8.行政院勞工委員會(2008)。行政院勞工委員會啟動穩定就業輔導團。  延伸查詢new window
9.行政院勞工委員會(2009)。員工規模200人以上事業單位採行無薪休假概況。  延伸查詢new window
10.行政院勞工委員會(2009)。經濟不景氣，行政院勞工委員會今年度推動各項促進就業措施。  延伸查詢new window
11.行政院經濟建設委員會(2009)。振興經濟消費券執行相關統計及影響評估報告。  延伸查詢new window
12.呂建德(2010)。台灣福利國家與現代性。  延伸查詢new window
13.財政部(2011)。100 年度財政統計年報。  延伸查詢new window
14.教育部(2012)。教育部積極保障大學生升學權益、提升就業能力。  延伸查詢new window
15.曹永薰(2010)。生產性福利論與韓國福利國家的未來。  延伸查詢new window
16.陳梅英(2009)。消費券效益遠低於預估。  延伸查詢new window
17.傅從喜(2006)。我國公共服務擴大就業計畫之再就業效果評析。  延伸查詢new window
18.勞工保險局(2010)。勞工保險統計年報--99年。  延伸查詢new window
19.賴樹立(2009)。政府因應金融海嘯之就業服務措施與執行現況之探討。  延伸查詢new window
20.職業訓練局(2012)。歷年公務決算書、就業安定基金決算書。  延伸查詢new window
21.Cameron, D. R(1978)。The Expansion of Public Economy: A Comparative Analysis。  new window
22.Castles, F. G(2010)。Black Swans and Elephants on the Move: The Impact of Emergencies on the Welfare State。  new window
23.Cazes, S., S. Verick and C. Heuer(2009)。Labour Market Policies in Times of Crisis。  new window
24.Chan, K.W.(2007)。Concluding Observations: Is There a Crisis of Welfare in East Asia。  new window
25.Deyo, F. C.(1989)。Beneath the Miracle: Labor Subordination in the New Asian Industrialism。  new window
26.Esping-Andersen, G.(2009)。Incomplete Revolution: Adapting Welfare States to Women’s New Roles。  new window
27.Farnsworth, K. and Z. Irving(2011)。Varieties of Crisis。  new window
28.Gough, I.(2011)。From Financial Crisis to Fiscal Crisis。  new window
29.Hemerijck, A.(2012)。Changing Welfare States，Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
30.Holliday, I.(2005)。East Asian Social Policy in the Wake of the Financial Crisis: Farewell to Productivism?。  new window
31.International Monetary Fund(2011)。World Economic Outlook Database。  new window
32.Jessop, B. and N. L. Sum(2007)。Beyond the Regulation Approach: Putting Capitalist Economies in Their Place。  new window
33.Katzenstein, P. J.(1985)。Small State in World Markets: Industrial Policy in Europe。  new window
34.Kim, Y. M.(2008)。Beyond East Asian Welfare Productivism in South Korea。  new window
35.Kwon, S. and I. Holliday(2007)。The Korean Welfare State: A Paradox of Expansion in an Era of Globalisation and Economic Crisis。  new window
36.Messenger, J.(2009)。Work Sharing: A Strategy to Preserve Jobs during the Global Jobs Crisis。  new window
37.Mok, K. H.(2011)。Right Diagnosis and Appropriate Treatment for the Global Financial Crisis? Social Protection Measures and Social Policy Responses in East Asia。  new window
38.Morel, N., B. Palier and J. Palme(2012)。Social Investment: A Paradigm in Search of a New Economic Model and Political Mobilization。  new window
39.Onaran, O(2011)。The Crisis in Western and Eastern EU: Does the Policy Reaction Address its Origins?。  new window
40.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(2009)。OECD Employment Outlook: Tackling the Jobs。  new window
41.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(2012)。OECD Employment Outlook。  new window
42.Prasad, N. and M. Gerecke(2010)。Social Security Spending in Times of Crisis。  new window
43.Ramesh, M(2009)。Responding to the Social Repercussions of Economic Crisis in Southeast Asia: Past Experience, Future Direction。  new window
44.Schmidt, V. A(2009)。Putting the Political Back Into Political Economy by Bringing the State Back In Yet Again。  new window
45.Streeck, W.(2011)。The Crisis of Democratic Capitalism。  new window
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48.Verick, S.(2009)。Who is Hit Hardest During a Financial Crisis? The Vulnerability of Young Men and Women to Unemployment in an Economic Downturn。  new window
49.Vis, B., K. van Kersbergen and T. Hylands(2011)。To What Extent Did the Financial Crisis Intensify the Pressure to Reform the Welfare State?。  new window
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圖書論文
1.Jones, Catherine(1993)。The Pacific challenge: Confucian welfare states。New Perspectives on the Welfare State in Europe。London：Routledge。  new window
2.Mahoney, James、Thelen, Kathleen(2010)。A Theory of Gradual Institutional Change。Explaining Institutional Change: Ambiguity, Agency, and Power。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
3.Peng, Ito、Wong, Joseph(2010)。East Asia。The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State。Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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