This study explored the factors and their relationships of the career self-efficacy and career barriers of National Chung Hsing University students. A total of 669 effective samples of students were examined. Data of the questionnaires of the career self-efficacy and career barriers were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA and Spearman rank correlation. The results were summarized as the followings: 1. The career self-efficacy of students was in general higher than the medium; the career barriers of students were in general less than the medium. 2. No significant difference in career self-efficacy between different gendership; however, the career barriers of male were higher than the female students. 3. No significant difference in career self-efficacy among different grade levels; however, they were significantly different in learning interference barrier and in Department interference barrier. 4. There were significantly different in the efficacy of self-understanding and evaluation among different colleges; they were significantly different in career barriers. 5. Students with part-time job experience were higher in career self-efficacy than without experience; whereas they were higher in learning interference barrier. 6. There were significantly different in career self-efficacy among students with different career selections after graduation; they were significantly different in the unclear direction barrier and in the Department interference barrier. 7. There were significantly negative correlations between the factors of career self-efficacy and career barriers. The data obtained from this study would provide helpful information of career guidance for university students and as the bases of the further research.