「蒙書」乃古代蒙學教材之簡稱，隸屬俗文學之一環。由於蒙書具有反映文化「真實面」之作用，因此透過傳統蒙書之研究，有助於了解傳統民間社會之精神風貌與文化特徵。中國文化基本上以儒家思想作為主軸，然於傳統蒙書之中卻不乏佛教文化蹤跡。本文透過蒙書涉及之佛教名物與熟詞名句，試探佛教對民間文化之影響。文分四節：「佛教名物與蒙書類別」、「熟詞名句與勸善懲惡」、「因緣學說與人際離合」「涉佛名物與三教融合」，藉此管窺傳統民間社會之道德新義、性別觀念、宗教態度以及「三教融合」等文化樣貌。

”Primary education textbook” is short term of ancient teaching materials of primary education and it is part of folk culture. Since primary education textbooks reflect ”reality” of culture, research on traditional primary education textbooks helps explore the spirit and cultural characteristics of traditional folk society. Chinese culture is based on Confucian thoughts. However, Buddhist culture also exists in traditional primary education textbooks. By ”Buddhist names and descriptions” of primary education textbooks, this study explores effect of Buddhism on folk culture. The study includes four sections: ”Buddhist names and descriptions and categories of primary education textbooks”, ”idioms and promotion of virtues and punishment for evildoing”, ”theory of causes and conditions and interpersonal relationship”, ”Buddhist names and descriptions and combination of three religions”, Hence, we probe into educational beliefs, new meanings of morality, gender concept and ”combination of three religions” in traditional folk society.