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題名:相對多數vs.絕對多數:各國總統直選方式的比較研究
書刊名:選舉研究
作者:王業立 引用關係
作者(外文):Wang, Yeh-lih
出版日期:1996
卷期:3:1
頁次:頁49-67
主題關鍵詞:相對多數絕對多數兩輪決選制社會選擇理論康氏原則杜佛傑法則向心理論Relative pluralityAbsolute majorityRunoff electionSocial choice theoryCondorcet criterionDuverger's lawMedian voter theorem
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(9) 博士論文(3) 專書(2) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:8
  • 共同引用共同引用:145
  • 點閱點閱:182
儘管我國於民國八十五年三月二十三日首次舉行的總統直選,係舉行「相對多數決制」,但是這幾年來國內學術界對於總統選舉究竟應採「相對多數決」或「絕對多數決」的爭論卻未曾稍歇。在民國八十六年第四次修憲的前夕,為配合總統職權的調整,「總統選舉方式」應否更改的議題又再度被搬上檯面。許多人關切的是,就理論與實務而言,「相對多數決」與「絕對多數決」究竟有何不同? 而在國外總統選舉的經驗性資料上,採行不同的選舉制度的確可能改變選舉結果嗎?不同的選舉制度對於政黨政治的發展,又有可能造成何種不同的影響?本論文試圖從「社會選擇理論」的角度出發,針對這些問題進行探討。 本論文的研究目的,不在於証明哪一種選舉制度較為優良;也不在於探討總統直選與憲政體制的關係,而是希望能針對一般比較兩種制度的論點或說法,在觀念上得以做進一步的思考與釐清。其次,在本論文中也針對過去較為國內學者所忽略的兩種選舉制度對於政黨政治的發展,以及選民投票行為的影響等方面進行較深入的探討,希望對於國內各界人士在討論這個議題時,能提供不同的思考方向。
Although Taiwan's direct presidential election was held first time in the history in 1996 under plurality system, the controversy over the adoption of plurality or runoff election has never concluded. During the debates, much attention has been drawn to the linkage between the elec-toral systems and the president's constitutional power. From another point of view, this study attempts to show that different electoral systems could also have different influences on party system as well as voting behavior. This study can be divided into three parts: first of all, it employs Social Choice Theory to examine the theoretical differences between these two electoral systems; secondly, it utilize empirical data to analyze the electoral results of these two systems, and finally, it shows these two electoral systems could lead to quite different consequences on party system and voting behavior.
期刊論文
1.Goldey, David B.、Knapp, A. F.(1996)。The French Presidential Election of 23 April-7 May 1995。Electoral Studies,15(1),97-109。  new window
2.Spafford, D.(1972)。Electoral Systems and Voters' Behavior: Comment and a Further Test。Comparative Politics,5(1),129-134。  new window
3.王業立(19940200)。相對多數決制之下的政黨競爭--八十二年縣市長選舉的觀察。理論與政策,8(2)=30,14-28。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Riker, William H.(19821200)。The Two-Party System and Duverger's Law: An Essay on the History of Political Science。American Political Science Review,76(4),753-766。  new window
5.王業立(19920600)。美國總統選舉制度的探討--直接選舉或間接選舉。美國月刊,7(6)=74,4-16。  延伸查詢new window
6.王業立(19910500)。我國現行中央民代選舉制度的理論與實際。政治科學論叢,2,135-152。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.王業立(19891200)。由集體選擇理論探討我國立委選舉制度。政治學報,17,55-85。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Dummett, Michael(1984)。Voting Procedures。Oxford:Clarendon Press。  new window
2.Lipset, Seymour M.、Rokkan, Stein(1967)。Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-national Perspective。New York:Free Press。  new window
3.雷競旋(1989)。選舉制度概論。臺北:洞察出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.Reeve, Andrew、Ware, Alan(1992)。Electoral Systems: A Comparative and Theoretical Introduction。NY:Routledge。  new window
5.Carstairs, Andrew McLaren(1980)。A Short History of Electoral Systems in Western Europe。London:George Allen & Unwin。  new window
6.Ordeshook, Peter C.(1986)。Game Theory and Political Theory。Cambridge University Press。  new window
7.Ranney, Austin(1996)。Governing: An Introduction to Political Science。Upper Saddle River, New Jersey:Prentice-Hall。  new window
8.Arrow, Kenneth J.(1951)。Social Choice and Individual Values。New Haven, CT:Yale University Press。  new window
9.Black, Duncan(1958)。The Theory of Committees and Elections。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
10.Duverger, Maurice、North, Barbara、North, Robert(1966)。Political Parties: Their Organization and Activity in the Modern State。New York:Wiley。  new window
11.Grofman, Bernard、Lijphart, Arend(1986)。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。New York:Agathon Press。  new window
12.Mackie, Thomas T.、Rose, Richard(1991)。The International Almanac of Electoral History。Washington, D. C.:Congressional Quarterly。  new window
13.Enelow, James M.、Hinich, Melvin J.(1984)。The Spatial Theory of Voting: An Introduction。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
14.Taagepera, Rein、Shugart, Matthew Soberg(1989)。Seats & Votes: The Effects & Determinants of Electoral Systems。New Haven:Yale University Press。  new window
15.Rae, Douglas W.(1971)。The Political Consequences of Electoral Laws。New Haven, Conn.:Yale University Press。  new window
16.Craven, John(1992)。Social Choice: A Framework for Collective Decisions and Individual Judgments。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
17.Schwartz, Thomas(1986)。The Logic of Collective Choice。New York:Columbia University Press。  new window
18.張台麟(19950000)。法國總統的權力。臺北:志一出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.Downs, Anthony J.(1957)。An Economic Theory of Democracy。New York:Harper and Row。  new window
20.謝復生(1992)。政黨比例代表制。臺北市:理論與政策雜誌社。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.Lijphart, Arend(1984)。Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries。Yale University Press。  new window
22.Riker, William H.(1982)。Liberalism Against Populism: A Confrontation Between the Theory of Democracy and the Theory of Social Choice。W. H. Freeman and Company。  new window
其他
1.林嘉誠(19940125)。絕對多數宜先考慮。  延伸查詢new window
2.倪炎元(19920314)。投票制有時會改變選舉結果。  延伸查詢new window
3.王業立(19950429)。若法國大選模式用在台灣。  延伸查詢new window
4.丘宏達(19940328)。總統直選不等於總統制。  延伸查詢new window
5.謝復生(19960301)。駁總統直選後權力必增說。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Duverger, Maurice(1986)。Duverger's Law: Forty Years Later。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。New York:Agathon Press。  new window
2.Riker, William H.(1986)。The Duverger's Law Revisited?。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。New York:Agathon Press。  new window
3.Sartori, Giovanni(1986)。The Influence of Electoral Systems: Faulty Laws or Faulty Methods?。Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences。New York:Agathon Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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