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題名:客話本字線索與非本字思索
書刊名:國文學誌
作者:羅肇錦
作者(外文):Lo, Seo-gim
出版日期:1998
卷期:2
頁次:頁383-416
主題關鍵詞:聲調聲母韻母介音主要元音韻尾客家漢語方言次方言詞綴ToneInitialFinalMedialRimeNecleusEndingHakkaHan-dialectDialectSub-dialectSuffix
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(1) 專書(1) 專書論文(2)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:518
  • 點閱點閱:223
     客語本字的探源從楊恭桓《客話本字》以來,考證者都提出不少探索的條件, 然 大都不重聲調問題,也沒有把古今音變條例說清楚,本文就從現今客語的特色與中古音、上 古音的關係,找出它的古今音對比規律,以便考求本字時的參考,分成:(1) 調類追溯與變 調規則 (2) 文讀與白話的差別 (3) 異讀的認定 (4) 次方言間的對比 (5) 合音的現象 (6) 古今聲母變化 (7) 古今韻母變化 (8) 替化與轉換。用這八個線索去追查本字,可以省去許 多不必要的錯誤﹖。 然而, 找出本字了,不一定就適合書面語上應用,例如我們查出客語 p'ong �� p'ai �礙� 本字是〞豐富〞,但書面語中寫成豐富,大家一定唸 fung �� fu �獺A而且感覺上 fung �� fu �繫N沒有 p'ong �� p'ai �癡獄臕袨I,所以在用字上與找本字是有衝突的,本文也因此 提出九項用字的方法, 定名為非本字的累索: (1) 採用俗字 (2) 採堪用字 (3) 用源字採 (4) 採用借音 (5) 借義使用 (6) 另造新字 (7) 其他漢音借字 (8) 非漢音借用 (9) 注出 音標。歸結找本字與用漢字,教本文定名為《客話本字的線索與非本字的思索》。
     One has to study the form, the sound and the meaning of a character in order to find out the original character of a special word in the Hakka dialect. This paper proposes the following eight dimensions for further reflections in this regard. 1. To understand the rules of the tone category and the change of the tone in that dialect, 2. To grasp the different pronunciations between the modern Hakka dialect and the old pronunciation adopted in reading the ancient texts, 3. To understand the phenomena of two different pronunciations for one character, 4. To compare the phonetics between different subdialects, 5. To explain the phenomena of syllables combination, 6. To find out the changes of the consonants in ancient and modern Hakka dialects, 7. To find out the changes of the simple and compound vowels in ancient and modern Hakka dialects, 8. To figure out replacements and transformations. Some original characters of the dialect have been successfully figured out but very often they cannot be used in modern Hakka. Thus, this paper also proposes nine principles of applying these characters in modern Chinese. 1. To use popular characters, 2. To use characters that can merely be adopted but by no means perfect, 3. To use characters that share the same origin, 4. To use characters with similar pronunciations, 5. To use characrters with the same meaning, 6. To build a new character, 7. To use an ancient character in a new way, 8. To borrow character from other Han dialects, 9. To borrow from non-Han languages.
期刊論文
1.羅肇錦(19940600)。客語異讀音的來源。臺北師院學報,7,305-325。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.黃雪貞(1987)。客家話的分布與內部異同。方言,87(2),81-96。  延伸查詢new window
3.黃雪貞(1988)。客家方言聲調的特點。方言,1988(4),241-246。  延伸查詢new window
4.董同龢(19481000)。華陽涼水井客家話記音。中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊,19,81-201。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.楊逢時(1971)。美濃客家方言。中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊。  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.姚榮松(1994)。閩南語書面語使用漢字類型分析。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.呂嵩雁(1993)。臺灣饒平方言(碩士論文)。東吳大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.羅香林(1993)。客家研究導論。臺北:南天書局。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.羅肇錦(1990)。台灣的客家話。臺北:臺原。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.袁家驊(1960)。漢語方言概要。文字改革出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.羅美珍、鄧曉華(1995)。客家方言。福州:福建教育出版社。  延伸查詢new window
5.李如龍、張雙慶(1992)。客贛方言調查報告。廈門大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.臧汀生(19960000)。台語書面化研究。臺北市:前衛。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.李新魁(1995)。廣東方言詞典。廣東方言詞典。廣東。  延伸查詢new window
8.洪惟仁(1995)。鶴佬語語源學概論。鶴佬語語源學概論。  延伸查詢new window
9.呂嵩雁(1994)。臺灣詔安方言稿。臺灣詔安方言稿。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
10.周法高(1955)。桃園縣志語言篇。桃園縣志語言篇。  延伸查詢new window
11.張光宇(1995)。閩客方言史稿。閩客方言史稿。臺北。new window  延伸查詢new window
12.張振興(1983)。臺灣閩南方音記略。臺灣閩南方音記略。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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