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題名:修辭與民主:亞里斯多德論政治修辭
書刊名:政治與社會哲學評論
作者:胡全威
作者(外文):Hu, Chuan-wei
出版日期:2009
卷期:31
頁次:頁127-174
主題關鍵詞:修辭民主政體亞里斯多德說服RhetoricDemocracyAristotlePersuasion
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:0
  • 共同引用共同引用:160
  • 點閱點閱:104
當代審議民主理論在追溯思想源頭時,往往會提到最早的概念是來自亞里斯多德。但是,審議民主理論家隨即指出亞里斯多德的「審議修辭」模式並不符合今日民主政治的精神。然而,本文則認為亞氏政治修辭觀並非與當代民主政治不相容,相反的,還可以提供借鏡與啟發。本文從亞里斯多德當時論辯的脈絡以及與修辭術相關的學門:辯證法、倫理學以及政治學等,對亞氏政治修辭觀進行扼要的介紹。同時,也與審議民主理論的觀點進行異同比較。本文指出,因為審議民主過於強調平等參與、理性對話等特質,在實踐上,幾乎僅能以「小眾集會」的方式進行,與今日大眾民主反而有很大差距。而亞氏提供的政治修辭模式,則是大眾民主中政治實然面的重要一環,不容忽視。最後,本文提出五點亞氏政治修辭觀對於當代的啟發,包括:政治修辭作為公民教育的一環;認真對待政治人物的言論;人格、論理邏輯與情感並重的說服、不要高估公民的理解能力以及認真看待修辭就是尊重民眾的判斷能力。
When contemporary political theorists trace the origin of deliberative democracy, they usually point to Aristotle. However, they also indicate immediately that Aristotle's ideas of deliberative speech or rhetoric contradict today's democracy. In this article, Ⅰ contend that Aristotle's Art of Rhetoric could work well in contemporary mass democracy, and offers some better and different views from deliberative democracy. My argument is structured as follows: First, Ⅰ outline Aristotle's art of rhetoric through the context of Plato's and sophists' contending understandings of rhetoric. Second, Ⅰ focus on the relation between Aristotle's Rhetoric and other related fields: Dialectics, Ethics, and Politics. At the same time, Ⅰ try to compare and contrast Aristotle's Rhetoric with deliberative democracy. Third, Ⅰ offer two levels of responses to answer the question of whether rhetoric fits democracy. Finally, Ⅰ conclude with five useful proposals which Aristotle's rhetoric could offer to today's democracy: (1) Make rhetoric part of civic education, (2) Take seriously what the politicians say, (3) Combine the power of ethos, logos, and pathos to persuade, (4) Do not expect too much of citizens' understanding, and (5) Regard rhetoric highly, which means respecting the judgment of people.
期刊論文
1.林遠澤(20060900)。論亞里斯多德修辭學的倫理--政治學涵義。政治科學論叢,29,159-204。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Chambers, Simone(2009)。Rhetoric and the Public Sphere: Has Deliberative Democracy Abandoned Mass Democracy?。Political Theory,37(3),323-350。  new window
3.郭秋永(20070900)。多元民主理論--公民審議的一個理論基礎。臺灣民主,4(3),63-107。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.曾國祥(20071200)。審議民主的道德限制--柏林論政治自由與政治判斷。臺灣民主,4(4),71-108。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.吳介民、李丁讚(20050600)。傳遞共通感受:林合社區公共領域修辭模式的分析。臺灣社會學,9,119-163。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.陳東升(20060300)。審議民主的限制--臺灣公民會議的經驗。臺灣民主季刊,3(1),77-104。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.黃競涓(20080900)。女性主義對審議式民主之支持與批判。臺灣民主季刊,5(3),33-69。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.江宜樺(19950600)。「政治是什麼?」--試析亞里斯多德的觀點。臺灣社會研究,19,165-194。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.Gagarin, Michael(2001)。“Did the Sophists Aim to Persuade?”。Rhetorica,19(3),275-291。  new window
10.Haskins, V. Ekaterina(2004)。“Endoxa, Epistemological Optimism, and Aristotle’s Rhetorical Project,”。Philosophy and Rhetoric,37(1),1-20。  new window
11.Jacob, Bernard E.(1996)。“What If Aristotle Took Sophists Seriously? New Readings in Aristotle’s Rhetoric,”。Rhetoric Review,14(2),237-252。  new window
12.Lord, Carnes(1981)。“The Intention of Aristotle’s Rhetoric,”。Hermes,109,326-339。  new window
13.McAdon, Brad(2001)。“Rhetoric is a Counterpart of Dialectic,”。Philosophy and Rhetoric,34(2),113-150。  new window
14.McAdon, Brad(2004)。“Two Irreconcilable Conceptions of Rhetorical Proofs in Aristotle’s Rhetoric,”。Rhetorica,22(4),307-325。  new window
15.Murphy, James J.(2002)。“The Metarhetoric of Aristotle, with Some Examples from His ‘On Memory and Recollection’,”。Rhetoric Review,21(3),213-228。  new window
16.Nichols, Mary P.(1987)。Aristotle’s Defense of Rhetoric。The Journal of Politics,49(3),657-677。  new window
17.Nieuwenburg, Paul(2004)。“Learning to Deliberate: Aristotle on Truthfulness and Public Deliberation,”。Political Theory,32(4),449-467。  new window
18.Quandahl, Ellen(1986)。“Aristotle’s Rhetoric: Reinterpreting Invention,”。Rhetoric Review,4(2),128-137。  new window
19.Roberts, W. Rhys(1924)。“References to Plato in Aristotle’s Rhetoric,”。Classical Philology,19(4),342-346。  new window
20.Schiappa, Edward(1990)。“Did Plato Coin Rhetorike,”。The American Journal of Philology,111(4),457-470。  new window
21.Triadafilopoulos, Triadafilos(1999)。Politics, Speech, and the Art of Persuasion: Toward an Aristotelian Conception of the Public Sphere。The Journal of Politics,61(3),741-757。  new window
22.Walzer, Arthur E.(1997)。“Aristotle’s Rhetoric, Dialogism, and Contemporary Research in Composition,”。Rhetoric Review,16(1),45-57。  new window
23.Yack, Bernard(2006)。Rhetoric and Public Reasoning: An Aristotelian Understanding of Political Deliberation。Political Theory,34(4),417-438。  new window
學位論文
1.王冠生(2008)。羅爾斯公共理性理念研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.華力進(1981)。政治學。台北:經世書局。  延伸查詢new window
2.談火生(2007)。審議民主。南京:江蘇人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.Martin Ostwald、Aristotle(1999)。Nicomachean Ethics。Upper SaddleRiver, New Jersey:Hackett Publishing Company。  new window
4.Surowiecki, James、楊玉齡(2005)。群眾的智慧:如何讓個人、團隊、企業與社會變得更聰明。臺北:遠流。  延伸查詢new window
5.Kennedy, George A.(1980)。Classical Rhetoric and Its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times。London:Chapel Hill, NC:Croom Helm:The University of North Carolina Press。  new window
6.Rawls, John、Kelly, Erin(2003)。Justice as Fairness: A Restatement。Cambridge, Mass:Harvard University Press。  new window
7.Foss, Sonja K.、Foss, Karen A.、Trapp, Robert、林靜伶(1996)。當代語藝觀點。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
8.Aristotle、苗力田(1992)。尼各馬科倫理學。北京:中國社會科學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
9.Garsten, Bryan(2006)。Saving Persuasion: A Defense of Rhetoric and Judgment。Cambridge:Harvard University Press。  new window
10.Huntington, Samuel P.、劉軍寧(1994)。第三波:二十世紀末的民主化浪潮。臺北:五南圖書出版股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
11.Elster, Jon(1998)。Deliberative Democracy。Cambridge University Press。  new window
12.Gutmann, Amy、Thompson, Dennis F.(2004)。Why Deliberative Democracy?。Princeton University Press。  new window
13.Young, Iris Marion(2000)。Inclusion and Democracy。Oxford University Press。  new window
14.Aristotle、H. Rackham(1990)。Politics。Cambridge。  new window
15.徐開來、Aristotle(1990)。〈論題篇〉。《亞里斯多德全集: 第一卷》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
16.顏一、崔延強、Aristotle(2003)。《修辭術.亞歷山大修辭學.論詩》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
17.Aristotle、J. H. Freese(1991)。Art of Rhetoric。Cambridge。  new window
18.王曉朝、Plato(2002)。〈申辯篇〉。《柏拉圖全集:第一卷》。北京。  延伸查詢new window
19.任軍鋒、Michels, Robert(2003)。寡頭統治鐵律:現代民主制度中的政黨社會學。天津:天津人民。  延伸查詢new window
20.Aristophanes、A. H. Sommerstein. Warminster, Wilts(1982)。Clouds。England。  new window
21.Arnhart, Larry(1981)。Aristotle on Political Reasoning: A Commentary on the Rhetoric。DeKalb:Northern Illinois University Press。  new window
22.Conley, Thomas M.(1990)。Rhetoric in the European Tradition。New York; London。  new window
23.Cooper, John M.(1994)。“Ethical-Political Theory in Aristotle’s Rhetoric,”。Philosophy and Rhetoric: Essayson Aristotle’s Rhetoric。Princeton, N.J.。  new window
24.Gorgias、G. A. Kennedy(1991)。“Encomium of Helen,”。On Rhetoric:A Theory of Civic Discourse。New York。  new window
25.Grimaldi, William M. A.(1980)。Aristotle, Rhetoric I: A Commentary。New York。  new window
26.Irwin, T. H.(1996)。“Ethics in the Rhetoric and in the Ethics,”。Essays on Aristotle’s Rhetoric。Berkeley。  new window
27.Reeve, C.D.C.(1996)。“Philosophy, Politics, and Rhetoric in Aristotle,”。Essays on Aristotle’s Rhetoric。Berkeley。  new window
28.Rorty, Oksenberg Amelie(1996)。“Structuring Rhetoric,”。Essays on Aristotle's Rhetoric。Berkeley。  new window
29.Ryan, Eugene E.(1984)。Aristotle’s Theory of Rhetorical Argumentation。Montreal。  new window
30.Thucydides(1989)。The Peloponnesian War/ Thucydides。The Complete Hobbes Translation, with Notes and New Introduction by David Grene。Chicago。  new window
圖書論文
1.Cohen, Joshua(1997)。Deliberation and Democratic Legitimacy。Deliberative Democracy: Essays on Reason and Politics。Cambridge, Mass:MIT Press。  new window
2.王曉朝、Platon(2002)。高爾吉亞篇。柏拉圖全集。北京:人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.王曉朝、Plato(2003)。斐德羅篇。柏拉圖全集。北京:人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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