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題名：多元民主理論--公民審議的一個理論基礎
書刊名：臺灣民主季刊
作者：郭秋永
作者(外文)：Kuo, Chiu-Yeoung
出版日期：2007
卷期：4:3
頁次：頁63-107
主題關鍵詞：多元民主理論；審議民主；加總模型；公民審議；專家政治；Theory of polyarchal democracy；Deliberative democracy；Aggregative model of democracy；Model of deliberative democracy；Citizen deliberation；Expertocracy
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(8) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:8
  • 共同引用共同引用:231
  • 點閱點閱:194
當代一位審議民主理論家John Dryzek曾經宣稱，約在1990年左右，民主理論研究領域上展現出一個明確而強烈的「審議轉向」（deliberative turn）：在轉向之前，訴諸公民的「偏好加總」；在轉向之後，則憑藉公民的「審議能力或機會」。這個眾所矚目的轉向宣稱，通常結合著「加總模型」與「審議民主」兩個對立的民主模型的見解，從而輕易導致兩個值得商榷的論點。第一，1990年之前的民主理論，「都是」加總模型，自此之後則「全是」審議民主。第二，在「正當性」的強弱比較上，訴諸公民之「偏好加總」的加總模型，遠不如憑藉公民之「審議能力或機會」的審議民主。依據筆者的淺見，這兩個論點確實尚有商榷之處。本文企圖透過著名政治學家Robert Dahl的「多元民主理論」，而來論述筆者這一淺見。本文的解析，大體上具有兩個主要目的。首先，指明Dahl所建構的「多元民主理論」，非但不是「加總模型」，反而可以相容於「審議民主」，甚至也包含審議民主理論家十分珍視的「公民審議」。其次，指出「多元民主理論」可為時下風行的「公民審議」，奠定一個鞏固的理論基礎。為了能夠達成這兩個主要目的，本文的解析，將從「立論基礎」、「民主判準」、以及「民主制度」等層面逐一進行。
John Dryzek, a deliberative democracy theorist, has said that around 1990 the theory of democracy took a definite deliberative turn. Prior to that turning point, the democratic ideal was seen mainly in terms of aggregation of preferences; after that turning point, many believed that the essence of democratic legitimacy should be sought in citizen deliberation. Combining two contrasted models of democracy, an aggregative model of democracy and a model of deliberative democracy, this popular and influential claim of a deliberative turning point in democratic theory led smoothly to two points. First, prior to 1990, all democratic theories were aggregative models of democracy; since that turning point, all democratic theories have been models of deliberative democracy. Second, on a scale of legitimacy, an aggregative model of democracy is weaker than a model of deliberative democracy. In my opinion, these two points are questionable. This article seeks to present a systematic interpretation of Robert Dahl’s theory of polyarchal democracy by examining these two points. This paper analyzes the theoretical foundations, democratic criteria, and democratic institutions in exploring this question.
期刊論文
1.Dahl, Robert Alan(1992)。The Problem of Civic Competence。Journal of Democracy，3(4)，45-59。  new window
2.Dahl, Robert Alan(1947)。The science of public administration: Three problems。Public Administration Review，7(1)，1-11。  new window
3.Dahl, Robert Alan(1997)。On Deliberative Democracy: Citizen Panels and Medicare Reform。Dissent，44(3)，54-58。  new window
4.郭秋永(20021200)。邏輯實證論、行為主義及後行為主義：經驗性政治研究的理論基礎。人文及社會科學集刊，14(4)，465-514。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.林國明、陳東升(20031200)。公民會議與審議民主：全民健保的公民參與經驗。臺灣社會學，6，61-118。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.陳東升(20060300)。審議民主的限制--臺灣公民會議的經驗。臺灣民主季刊，3(1)，77-104。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.陳俊宏(19980900)。永續發展與民主：審議式民主理論初探。東吳政治學報，9，85-122。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.Dahl, Robert(1994)。A Democratic Dilemma: System Effectiveness versus Citizen Participation。Political Science Quarterly，109(1)，23-34。  new window
9.Dahl, Robert Alan(1991)。A Rejoinder。The Journal of Politics，53(1)，226-231。  new window
10.Dahl, Robert Alan(1996)。Equality versus Inequality。Political Science and Politics，29(1)，639-648。  new window
11.Dahl, Robert Alan(1958)。Political Theory: Truth and Consequences。World Politics，11(1)，89-102。  new window
12.Dryzek, John S.、Niemeyer, Simon(2006)。Reconciling Pluralism and Consensus as Political Ideal。American Journal of Political Science，50(3)，634-649。  new window
13.Cohen, Joshua(1991)。Review Symposium on Democracy and Its Critics。The Journal of Politics，53(1)，221-225。  new window
14.Bailey, Michael、Braybrooke, David(2003)。Robert A. Dahl's Philosophy of Democracy, Exhibited in His Essays。Annual Review of Political Science，6，99-118。  new window
15.Dahl, Robert Alan(1961)。The Behavioral Approach in Political Science: Epitaph for a Monument to a Successful Protest。American Political Science Review，55(4)，763-772。  new window
16.Dahl, Robert Alan(1955)。The Science of Politics: New and Old。World Politics，7(3)，479-489。  new window
17.Markovits, Elizabeth(2006)。The Trouble with Being Earnest: Deliberative Democracy and the Sincerity Norm。Journal of Political Philosophy，14(3)，249-269。  new window
會議論文
1.黃東益(2005)。公共審議、政策知識與政策偏好：隨機與非隨機樣本的分析。臺灣經驗政治研究的現況與展望學術研討會，中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心制度與行為研究專題中心（主辦） (會議日期: 2005年12月23日)。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Besson, Samantha、Martí, José Luis(2006)。Deliberative Democracy and Its Discontents。Ashgate。  new window
2.Lipset, Seymour Martin, and Jason M. Lakin(2004)。The Democratic Century。Norman, OK：University of Oklahoma Press。  new window
3.Dahl, Robert(1981)。Democracy in the United States: Promise and Performance。Boston, MA：Houghton Mifflin Company。  new window
4.Dahl, Robert Alan、Lindblom, Charles Edward(1976)。Politics, Economics, and Welfare: Planning and Politico-Economic Systems Resolved into Basic Social Processes。Chicago, Illinois：University of Chicago Press。  new window
5.Dahl, R. A.(1982)。Dilemmas of Pluralist Democracy。New Haven, CT。  new window
6.Kymlicka, Will(2002)。Contemporary Political Philosophy: An Introduction。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
7.Dahl, A. R.(1970)。After the Revolution? Authority in a Good Society。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
8.Dahl, Robert Alan(1998)。On Democracy。Yale University Press。  new window
9.(1999)。Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
10.Dahl, A. R.(1985)。A Preface to Economic Democracy。Berkeley：University of California Press。  new window
11.Dahl, R. A.、Edward, R. T.(1973)。Size and Democracy。Stanford, CA：Stanford University Press。  new window
12.Dahl, Robert Alan、Stinebrickner, Bruce(2003)。Modern Political Analysis。Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey：Prentice-Hall。  new window
13.郭秋永(1993)。政治參與。臺北：幼獅。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.Held, David(2006)。Models of Democracy。Polity Press。  new window
15.Dahl, Robert A.(1961)。Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City。New Haven, Connecticut。  new window
16.Bohman, James(1996)。Public Deliberation: Pluralism, Complexity, and Democracy。MIT Press。  new window
17.Gutmann, Amy、Thompson, Danis(1996)。Democracy and Disagreement。Belknap Press of Harvard University Press。  new window
18.Dahl, Robert Alan(1989)。Democracy and Its Critics。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
19.Dahl, Robert A.(1963)。Modern Political Analysis。Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Prentice-Hall。  new window
20.Dahl, Robert A.(1971)。Polyarchy: Participation & Opposition。New Haven, CT。  new window
21.三民書局大辭典編纂委員會(1985)。大辭典。台中市。  延伸查詢new window
22.Dahl, Robert Alan(1970)。Modern Political Analysis。Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
23.郭秋永(1988)。政治學方法論研究專集。臺北：臺灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
24.郭秋永(20010000)。當代三大民主理論。臺北：聯經出版事業公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
25.Gutmann, Amy、Thompson, Dennis F.(2004)。Why Deliberative Democracy?。Princeton University Press。  new window
26.Young, Iris Marion(2000)。Inclusion and Democracy。Oxford University Press。  new window
27.Mutz, Diana C.(2006)。Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory Democracy。Cambridge University Press。  new window
28.Habermas, Jürgen、Rehg, William(1996)。Between Facts and Norms: Contribution to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy。Cambridge, MA：MIT Press。  new window
29.Habermas, Jürgen、Cronin, Ciaran、De Greif, Pablo(1998)。The Inclusion of the Other: Studies in Political Theory。MIT Press。  new window
30.許國賢(2001)。財產與政治。桂冠。  延伸查詢new window
31.Dryzek, John S.(2000)。Deliberative democracy and beyond: liberals, critics, contestations。Oxford University Press。  new window
32.Dahl, Robert Alan(1986)。Democracy, Liberty, and Equality。Oslo：Norwegian University Press。  new window
33.(1997)。Deliberation Democracy: Essays on Reason and Politics。Deliberation Democracy: Essays on Reason and Politics。Cambridge, MA。  new window
34.Farrelly, Colin(2004)。An Introduction to Contemporary Political Theory。London：Sage Publications。  new window
35.Dahl, Robert(2006)。A Preface to Democratic Theory。A Preface to Democratic Theory。Chicago, IL。  new window
36.O'Flynn, Ian(2006)。Debating Deliberative Democracy and Divided Societies。Edinburgh：Edinburgh University Press。  new window
37.van Mill, David(2006)。Deliberation, Social Choice and Absolutist Democracy。Routledge。  new window
38.Dahl, Robert(2006)。On Political Equality。On Political Equality。New Haven, CT。  new window
39.Shapiro, Ian、Reeher, Grant(1988)。Power, Inequality, and Schumpeter's Challenge: An Introductory Essay。Power, Inequality, and Democratic Politics。Boulder, CO。  new window
圖書論文
1.Cohen, Joshua(1997)。Procedure and Substance in Deliberative Democracy。Deliberative Democracy。Cambridge, MA：MIT Press。  new window
2.Sunstein, Cass R.(2003)。The Law of Group Polarization。Debating Deliberative Democracy。Blackwell Publishing。  new window
3.黃瑞祺(1998)。理性討論與民主：哈伯馬斯之溝通理論的民主涵義。多元主義。臺北：中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
4.Cameron, David、Dahl, Robert Alan、Kaufman, Herbert、Lindblom, Charles、Lowi, Theodore、Tobin, James(1988)。Roundtable Discussion: Politics, Economics, and Welfare。Power, Inequality, and Democratic Politics。Westview Press。  new window
5.Dahl, Robert Alan(1995)。Participation and the Problem of Civic Understanding。Rights and the Common Good: The Communitarian Perspective。New York, NY：St. Martin's Press。  new window
6.Smith, Martin(1995)。Pluralism。Theory and Methods in Political Science。New York, NY：St. Martin's Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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