Wufei Miao 五妃廟, or the Temple of the Five Concubines in Tainan City, commemorates the five concubines who collectively committed suicide with Prince Ningjing 寧靖王 in the face of the collapse of the Kingdom of Dongning in 1683. Their deeds became an everlasting symbol of chastity and loyalty to both their husband and the dying Ming court. This dramatic event also attracted much attention and gave rise to considerable literary works in subsequent years. Through the historical works such as Taiwan Tongshi (The General History of Taiwan), a layered image of the Five Concubines gradually took shape after a long process of accretion. Combining surviving texts with archaeological sources and fieldwork data, this paper takes a historical approach to study the Five Concubines. It emphasizes the distinction between firsthand historical sources and secondhand literary ones. The purpose is to deconstruct the layered images of the Five Concubines by strictly basing its historical reconstruction on primary sources. In terms of interpretation, this paper puts forward a new perspective which emphasizes the social causes of their deaths. I argue that instead of dying voluntarily, their decision to kill themselves was also affected by the social pressure created by an accidental combination of the patriarchal system and the biological, political, and socio-economic circumstances immediately prior to the collapse of the Kingdom of Dongning. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications of the Five Concubines' deaths in the pursuit of certain "value of life," the family responsibility of Prince Ningjing, the patriarchal thinking of the literates, and the political relationship between the Zheng family and the exiled Ming royal lineages in Taiwan.