臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫系統

:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
第 1 筆 / 總合 1 筆   第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁
/1頁
題名：焦點解決短期諮商對當事人賦能形成之分析研究
作者：林俊德 引用關係
作者(外文)：Jiun-De Lin
校院名稱：國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱：輔導與諮商學系所
指導教授：蕭文
林清文
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2006
主題關鍵詞：焦點解決短期諮商；賦能；現象學資料分析法；大學生；Solution-Focused Brief Counseling；SFBC；empowerment；phenomenological data analysis；college
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:3
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:70
焦點解決短期諮商對當事人賦能形成之分析研究
中文摘要
本研究之主要目的在於瞭解當事人於焦點解決短期諮商中的賦能知覺內涵，包括賦能之意義及其對當事人之立即性影響、賦能與諮商技術之關連及賦能之形成。本研究以焦點解決短期諮商模式針對三位主動求助之當事人進行諮商，分別進行五至七次諮商；並於每次諮商結束後的二十四小時內進行低結構之深度訪談，共蒐集到十八次諮商後訪談文字稿，並以現象學資料分析法進行資料分析，研究結果如下：
一、當事人對賦能的知覺：包括「自我取向式」、「互動取向式」及「行動取向式」賦能類別。其中「自我取向式賦能類別」，有「轉好」、「有用」、「有能」、「有力」、「能量」等五類賦能要素群；「互動取向式賦能類別」，則有「他助」類賦能要素群；「行動取向式賦能類別」包含有「自助」類賦能要素群。
二、賦能對當事人之立即性影響：包含兩大向度，一為個人內在向度，即「認知、情感及行為」取向效果；二為個人外在（人際間）向度。
三、賦能與諮商技術之關連：諮商技術與當事人之賦能知覺有關，包括諮商師與當事人互動之關係因素、諮商師的諮商態度與精神、諮商師所使用之焦點解決短期諮商技術等。與賦能相關之焦點解決短期諮商技術，包括三大群22項技術；第一群技術為「架構技術」，第二群技術為「操作技術」，第三群技術為「回映技術」。
四、當事人賦能的形成：當事人在焦點解決短期諮商中賦能的形成，包括四項因素之脈絡性關連，一為「前置因素」、二為「催化因素」、三為「賦能知覺」、四為「賦能效果」。其中，前置因素包括「引發因子」及「促動因子」；催化因素則為諮商技術，包括諮商關係、諮商師的諮商態度、精神及焦點解決短期諮商技術等；賦能知覺為當事人所知覺之賦能內容；賦能效果則為當事人賦能後所產生之立即性影響。
當事人賦能的形成，從無能感受到賦能感的產生，是當事人與諮商師互動後建構而成；從無能狀態之「引發」與問題解決動機之「促動」，透過諮商師的「催化」介入及與當事人的互動，使其產生「賦能知覺」，體驗到「賦能效果」。
本研究依據研究結果提出具體建議，供有興趣之研究者或實務工作者參考。
關鍵詞：焦點解決短期諮商、賦能、現象學資料分析法、大學生。
The study of clients’ empowerment in the Solution-Focused Brief Counseling
Jiun-De Lin
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to identify the nature of the clients’ perceived empowerment in the counseling process of solution-focused brief counseling (SFBC). The meaning of empowerment, the immediate effect of empowerment to the clients, the relations between the counseling techniques and empowerment, and the forming process of clients’ perceived empowerment were included. Three voluntary clients received 5-7 sessions of SFBC. An in-depth interview were given to clients after each counseling of session with in 24 hours. Eighteen transcripts were collected then analyzed through the phenomenological approach. The main findings were as follow:
Three types of clients’ perceived empowerment were found. They were self-oriented empowerment, interaction-oriented empowerment and action-oriented empowerment. Five elements, which were promotion, efficacy, competence, power and energy, were included in the types of self-oriented empowerment. The element of others-help was included in the interaction-oriented empowerment, and self-help was included in the action-oriented empowerment.
Two dimensions were identified as the immediate effect of empowerment to the clients received SFBC. They were the intrapersonal dimension, which could be divided into cognition-oriented, affection-oriented and behavior-oriented clients’ inside effects, and the interpersonal dimension, which was clients’ outside effect.
The relations between the counseling techniques and clients’ empowerment were found. The counseling techniques included the counseling relationship between the counselor and clients, the counselor’s attitude, and the SFBC skills. Three categories of SFBC skills, which were generalized from twenty-two detailed skills, were frame skills, operation skills, and reflection skills, were related to clients’ empowerment.
Four factors were found in the process of forming empowerment of the clients in SFBC. First, the “preceding factor” included both the inducing and motivating elements. Secondly, the “facilitating factors” were found as counseling relationship, counselor’s attitude and the SFBC skills. Thirdly, the “empowerment” was the clients’ perceived empowerment. Last, the “empowerment outcome” was the immediate effect on the empowered clients. From the sense of disempowerment to empowerment, the process of forming empowerment was co-constructed by the counselor and the client. First, the clients identified the problem as helplessness, and then promoted to solve the problems. Furthermore, they were facilitated to solve the problems by co-constructing the effective solution ways and experiencing the desirable life. Finally, the clients acquired empowerment and experienced the empowerment outcome.
Based on these results, discussions and recommendations were proposed for the future research and implications.
Keywords: Solution-Focused Brief Counseling (SFBC), empowerment, phenomenological data analysis, college.
參考文獻

一、中文部分
李維榕（民89）。誰人可以賦權使能？應用心理學研究，第6期，41-44頁。new window
林秀玲（民91）。敘說治療與焦點解決短期諮商之比較。諮商與輔導，第200期，2-10頁。
林佩郁（民91）。焦點解決取向團體諮商對國小單親兒童輔導效果之研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商學系碩士論文，未出版，彰化市。new window
林俊德（民87）。準諮商員於初次晤談中有關完美主義思考與相關行為之分析研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導學系碩士論文，未出版，彰化市。
邱秀鳳（民92）。焦點解決取向團體方案對國小學生生氣情緒之影響研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商學系碩士論文，未出版，彰化市。
洪莉竹（民87）。焦點解決短期諮商的基本假定。許維素等著：焦點解決短期心理諮商，17-27頁。台北市：張老師。
高淑清（民89）。現象學方法及其在教育研究上的應用。中正大學教育研究所主編：質的研究方法，93-134頁。高雄：麗文出版社。
郭逸瑄（民92）。高級中學校長領導行為與教師賦權增能關係之研究。淡江大學教育政策與領導研究所碩士論文，未出版。
陳清泉（民90）。焦點解決諮商效果之研究—巡迴架構分析法的應用。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所博士論文，未出版，台北市。new window
陳秉華（民89）。短期心理治療的誕生與發展—兼論心理治療派典的轉移。中華輔導學報，第九期，169-197頁。new window
許維素（民84）。現象學研究的理論基礎與訪談分析歷程。諮商與輔導，第120期，11-14頁。
許維素（民87）。你往何處去：設定正向的目標。許維素等著：焦點解決短期心理諮商，35-55頁。台北市：張老師。
許維素（民91a）。賦能導向的諮商—以焦點解決短期諮商為例（上）。諮商與輔導，第198期，18-22頁。
許維素（民91b）。賦能導向的諮商—以焦點解決短期諮商為例（下）。諮商與輔導，第199期，36-39頁。
許維素（民92）。焦點解決短期心理治療的應用。台北市：天馬文化事業有限公司。
許維素（民93）。焦點短期心理治療。中國輔導學會：2004諮商心理人員繼續教育夏季班講義。
許維素（民94）。焦點解決短期諮商工作坊∼初階、進階。中國輔導學會：2005諮商心理人員繼續教育春季班講義。
張德聰（民88）。運用「焦點解決法」於「成人生涯轉換諮商」效果之研究。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所博士論文，未出版，台北市。new window
陶蕃瀛（民93）。行動研究：一種增強權能的助人工作方法。應用心理學研究，第23期，33-48頁。new window
曾仁美（民94）。親子遊戲治療對憂鬱症兒童父母親職復原力之建構。國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商學系博士論文，未出版，彰化市。new window
楊連謙（民89）。撐起一個空間：回應〈從家庭治療歷程研究看自體內在結構的需求〉。應用心理學研究，第6期，44-50頁。new window
廖本富（民89）。同理心與焦點解決短期諮商。輔導季刊，第36卷，第2期，45-53頁。new window
廖本富（民90）。在焦點解決督導中催化受督導者「從新得力」。輔導季刊，第37卷，第1期，20-29頁。new window
劉焜輝（民92）。SFBT—現代心理治療的熱門話題。諮商與輔導，第205期，封面內頁
鍾任琴（民89）。教師專業權能之研究：理論建構與實證分析。台北：五南。new window
蕭 文（民85）。短期諮商在學校輔導中的應用。八十五學年度竹苗地區高職學校認輔教師研習會，台灣省教育廳。
蕭 文（民93a）。正向心理學及其在輔導上的涵意。向生命微笑—憂鬱與自殺防治主題研討會，彰化師大。
蕭 文（民93b）。諮商理論與技術的回顧與省思—諮商與輔導的再建構。向生命微笑—憂鬱與自殺防治主題研討會，彰化師大。
蕭 文（民93c）。後現代哲學與社會變遷對輔導策略模式的影響。向生命微笑—憂鬱與自殺防治主題研討會，彰化師大。
蕭 文（民93d）。個案為什麼沒有按照劇本演出—後現代思考與諮商典範的轉移。輔導季刊，第40卷，第3期，1-5頁。
簡正鎰（民93）。諮商師使用焦點解決短期諮商經驗之歷程研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商學系博士論文，未出版，彰化市。new window
謝雯鈴（民89）：現實治療法與焦點解決短期諮商的異同與應用。諮商與輔導，第179期，8-12頁。

二、英文部分
Adams, R. (1996). Social work and empowerment. London: Macmillan Press Ltd.
Anderson, H., & Goolishian, H. A. (1988). Human systems as linguistic systems : Preliminary and evolving ideas about the implications for clinical theory. Family Process, 27(4), 371-393.
Basile, S. K. (1996). A guide to solution-focused brief therapy. Counseling and Human Development, 29(4), 1-10.
Berg, I. K. (1994). Family based services: A solution-focused approach. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Berg, I. K., & De Jong, P. (1996). Solution-building conversations: Co-constructing a sense of competence with clients. Families in Society, 77(6), 376-391.
Berg, I. K., & de Shazer, S. (1993). Making numbers talk: Language in therapy. In S. Friedman (Ed.), The new language of change: Constructive collaboration in psychotherapy (pp. 5-24). New York : The Guilford Press.
Berg, I. K., & Dolan, Y. M. (2001). Tables of solutions: A collection of hope-inspiring stories. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Berg, I. K., & Miller, S. D. (1992). Working with the problem drinker: A solution-focused approach. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Boehm, A., & Staples, L. H. (2004). Empowerment: The point of view of consumers. Families in Society, 85(2), 270-280.
Bolton, B., & Brookings, J. (1996). Development of multifaceted definition of empowerment. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 39(4), 256-264.
Braye, S., & Preston-Shoot, M. (1995). Empowering practice in social care. Philadelphia: Open University Press.
Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The empowerment process : Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471-482.
Corcoran, J., & Stephenson, M. (2000). The effectiveness of solution-focused therapy with child behavior problems: A preliminary report. Family in Society, 81(5), 468-474.
Corey, G.. (1996). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy (5th ed.). CA : Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
Cox, E. O., & Parsons, R. J. (1996). Empowerment- oriented social work practice with the elderly. CA : Brooks/ Cole Publishing Company.
Coyne, J. C. (1987). The concept of empowerment in strategic therapy. Psychotherapy, 24, 539-545.
Davis, T. E., & Osborn, C. J. (2000). The solution-focused school counselor: Shaping professional practice. Philadelphia : Accelerated Development.
De Jong , P., & Berg, I. K. (1998). Interviewing for solutions. CA: Brooks/ Cole Publishing Company.
De Jong , P., & Berg, I. K. (2002). Learner’s workbook for interviewing for solutions (2nd ed.). CA: Brooks/ Cole.
De Jong, P., & Hopwood, L .E. (1996). Outcome research on treatment conducted at the brief family therapy center, 1992-1993. In S. D. Miller, M. A. Hubble, & B. L. Duncan (Eds.), Handbook of solution-focused brief therapy (pp. 272-298). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
De Jong , P., & Miller, S. D. (1995). How to interview for client strengths. Social Work, 40(6),729-736.
de Shazer, S. (1982). Patterns of brief family therapy: An ecosystemic approach. New York: The Guilford Press.
de Shazer, S. (1985 ). Keys to solution in brief therapy. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
de Shazer, S. (1988). Clues: Investigating solutions in brief therapy. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
de Shazer, S. (1991). Putting difference to work. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
de Shazer, S. (1994). Words were originally magic. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
de Shazer, S., & Berg. I. K. (1992). Doing therapy : A post-structural re-vision. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 18, 71-81.
de Shazer, S., Berg, I., Lipchik, E., Nunnally, E., Molnar, A., Gingerich, W., & Weiner-Davis, M. (1986). Brief therapy: Focused-development. Family Process, 25, 207-222.
de Shazer, S., & Miller, G.. (2000). Emotions in solution-focused therapy: A re-examination. Family Process, 39(1), 5-23.
DeVaris, J. (1994). The dynamics of power in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 31, 588-593.
Dolan, Y. M. (1991). Resolving sexual abuse: Solution-focused therapy and Ericksonion hypnosis for adult survivors. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Drisko, J. W. (2004). Common factors in psychotherapy outcome: Meta-analytic findings and their implications for practice and research. Families in Society, 85(1). 81-90.
Dubois, B., & Miley, K. K. (2002). Social work : An empowering profession (4th ed.). Boston : Allyn & Bacon.
Eysenck, H. J. (1952). The effects of psychotherapy: An evaluation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 16, 319-324.
Garfield, S. L. (1994). Research on client variables in psychotherapy. In A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (4th ed., pp. 190-228). New York: Willy.
Gingerich, W. J., & Eisengart, S. (2000). Solution-focused brief therapy: A review of the outcome research. Family Process, 39(4), 477-498.
Goldenberg, I., & Goldenberg, H. (2000). Family therapy : An overview. (5th ed.). CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.
Greene, G. J., Lee, M., Mentzer, R. A., Pinnell, S. R., & Niles, D. (1998). Families in Society, 79(4), 395-399.
Guti’errez, L. (1990). Working with women of color: An empowerment perspective. Social Work, 35, 149-154.
Guti’errez, L. M., DeLois, K. A., & GlenMaye, L. (1995). Understanding empowerment practice : Building on practitioner-based knowledge. Families in society, 76, 534-542.
Guti’errez, L. M., Parsons, R. J., & Cox, E. O. (1998). Empowerment in social work practice: A sourcebook . CA : Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
Hansen, J. T. (2002). Postmodern implications for theoretical integration of counseling approaches. Journal of Counseling and Development, 80(3), 315-321.
Hansen, J. T. (2003). Including diagnostic training in counseling curricula : Implications for professional identity development. Counselor Education and Supervision, 43, 96-107.
Hansen, J. T. (2004). Thoughts on knowing: Epistemic implications of counseling practice. Journal of Counseling and Development, 82(2), 131-138.
Hawkes, D., Marsh, T. I., & Wilgosh, R. (1998). Solution-focused therapy: A handbook for health care professionals. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Held, B. S. (1995). Back to reality: A critique of postmodern theory in psychotherapy. New York : W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Held, B. S. (1996). Solution-focused therapy and the postmodern. In S. D. Miller, M. A. Hubble, & B. L. Duncan (Eds.), Handbook of solution-focused brief therapy (pp. 27-43). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Hill, C. E. (1992). An overview of four measures developed to test the Hill process model: Therapist intentions, therapist response modes, client reactions, and client behaviors. Journal of Counseling and Development , 70, 728-739.new window
Hill, C. E., & O’Brien, K. M. (2004). Helping skills: Facilitating exploration, insight, and action (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Hunter, P., & Kelso, E. N. (1985). Feminist behavior therapy. Behavior Therapist, 8(10), 201-204.
Hycner, R. H. (1985). Some guidelines for the phenomenological analysis of interview data. Human Studies, 8, 279-303.
Jackson, P. Z., & McKergow, M. (2002). The solutions focus: The SIMPLE way to positive change. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
Kiser, D., Piercy, F., & Lipchik, E. (1993). The integration of emotion in solution-focused therapy. Journal of Marital and Family therapy, 19(3), 233-242.
Lambert, M. J. (1992). Implications of outcome research for psychotherapy integration. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 94-129). New York: Basic Books.
Lambert, M. J., & Barley, D. E. (2001). Research summary on the therapeutic relationship and psychotherapy outcome. Psychotherapy, 38(4), 357-361.
Lambert, M. J., & Bergin, A. E. (1994). The effectiveness of psychotherapy. In A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (4th ed., pp. 143-189). New York: Willy.
Lambert, M. J., Bergin, A. E., & Garfield, S. L. (2004). Introduction and historical overview. In M. J. Lambert (Ed.), Bergin and Garfield’s handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (5th ed., pp. 3-15). N.Y.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Lee, M. (1997). A study of solution-focused brief family therapy: Outcomes and Issues. American Journal of Family Therapy, 25(1), 3-17.
Lewis, T. F., & Osborn, C. J. (2004). Solution-focused counseling and motivational interviewing: A consideration of confluence. Journal of Counseling and Development, 82(1), 38-48.
Lipchik, E. (2002). Beyond technique in solution-focused therapy : Working with emotions and therapeutic relationship. New York : The Guilford Press.
Littrell, J. M., Malia, J. A., & Vanderwood, M. (1995). Single-session brief counseling in high school. Journal of Counseling and Development, 73(4), 451-458.
Loftus, E., & Pickrell, J. (1995). The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals, 25, 720-725.
Martin, J. (1984). The cognitive mediational paradigm for research on counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31(4), 558-571.
Maxwell, J. A. (1996). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach. CA: SAGE Publications
Maxwell, J. A. (2005). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (2nd ed.) CA: SAGE Publications
McKeel, A. J. (1996). A clinician’s guide to research on solution-focused brief therapy. In S. Miller, M. Hubble, & B. Duncan (Eds.), Handbook of solution-focused brief therapy (pp. 251-271). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
McLeod, J. (1997). Narrative and psychotherapy. London: SAGE Publications.
McNeilly, R. B. (2000). The whole person: A solution-focused approach to using empowering language, emotions, and actions in therapy. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
McWhirter, E. H. (1991). Empowerment in counseling. Journal of Counseling and Development, 69, 222-227.
McWhirter, E. H. (1994). Counseling for empowerment. Alexandria, VA : American Counseling Association.
McWhirter, E. H. (1997). Empowerment, social activism, and counseling. Counseling and Human Development, 29(8), 1-14.
Menon, S. T. (1999). Psychological empowerment : Definition, Measurement, and Validation. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 31(3), 161-164.
Metcalf, L. (1995). Counseling toward solutions: A practical solution-focused program for working with students, teachers, and parents. New York: The Center for Applied Research in Education.
Metcalf, L. & Thomas, F. (1994). Client and therapist perceptions of solution focused brief therapy: A qualitative analysis. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 5(4), 49-66.
Metcalf, L., Thomas, F. N., Duncan, B. L., Miller, S. D., & Hubble, M. A. (1996). What works in solution-focused brief therapy: A qualitative analysis of client and therapist perceptions. In S. D. Miller, M. A. Hubble, & B. L. Duncan (Eds.), Handbook of solution-focused brief therapy (pp. 335-349). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). An expanded source book: Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand. Oaks, CF: SAGE Publication, Inc.
Murphy, J. J. (1997). Solution-focused counseling in middle and high schools . VA: American Counseling Association.
Nichols, M. P., & Schwartz, R. C. (1995). Family therapy: Concepts and methods (3rd ed.). Boston : Allyn and Bacon.
O’Connell, B. (1998). Solution-focused therapy. CA: SAGE Publications.
O’Connell, B. (2001). Solution-focused stress counseling. New York: Continuum.
O’Connell, B. (2003). Introduction to the solution-focused approach. In B. O’Connell & S. Palmer (Eds.), Handbook of solution-focused therapy (pp.1-11). London : SAGE Publications.
O’Hanlon, B., & Beadle, S. (1997). A guide to possibility land: Fifty-one methods for doing brief, respectful therapy. New York : W. W. Norton & Company.
O’Hanlon, B., & Weiner-Davis, M. (1989). In search of solutions: A new directions in psychotherapy. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Parsons, R. J. (1991). Empowerment: purpose and practice principle in social work. Social Work with Groups, 14, 7-21.
Parsons, R. J., Guti’errez, L. M., & Cox, E. O. (1998). A model for empowerment practice. In L. M. Guti’errez, R. J. Parsons, & E. O. Cox (Eds.), Empowerment in social work practice: A sourcebook (pp.3-23 ). CA : Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
Patterson, L. E., & Welfel, E. R. (1994). The counseling process (4th ed.). CA : Brooks/ Cole Publishing Company.
Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (2nd ed.). CA: SAGE Publications
Pichot, T., & Dolan, Y. M. (2003). Solution-focused brief therapy : Its effective use in agency settings. NY : The Haworth Clinical Practice Press.
Pocock, D. (1995). Searching for a better story: Harnessing modern and postmodern positions in family therapy. Journal of Family Therapy, 17, 149-173.
Prochaska, J. O., DiClemente, C. C., & Norcross, J. C. (1992). In search of how people change: Application to addictive behaviors. American Psychologist, 47, 1102-1114.
Rigazio-Digilio, S. A. (2001). Postmodern theories of counseling. In D. C. Locke, J. E. Myers, & E. D. Herr (Eds.), The handbook of counseling (pp.197-218). London: Sage Publications, Inc.
Saleebey, D. (Ed.). (1992). The strengths perspective in social work practice. New York: Longman.
Saleebey, D. (2002). The strengths approach to practice. In D. Saleebey (Ed.), The strengths perspective in social work practice (3rd ed., pp.80-94). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Schachter, S. (1964). The interaction of cognitive and physiological determinants of emotional state. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 1, 49-80.
Selekman, M. D. (1993). Pathways to change: Brief therapy solutions with difficult adolescents. New York: The Guildford Press.
Selekman, M. D. (1997). Solution-focused therapy with children: Harnessing family strengths for systemic change. New York: The Guildford Press.
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive Psychology : An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14.
Shapiro, D. A., & Shapiro, D. (1982). Meta-analysis of comparative therapy outcome studies. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 581-604.
Sharry, J. (2001). Solution-focused groupwork. CA: Sage Publications Inc.
Skidmore, J. E. (1993). A follow-up study of therapists trained in the use of the solution-focused brief therapy model. University of South Dakota. （Abstract）. Retrieved from Dissertation Abstract Ondisk database.
Sklare G. B. (1997). Brief counseling that works: A solution-focused approach for school counselors. CA: Corwin Press.
Speer, P. W. (2000). Intrapersonal and interactional empowerment: Implications for theory. Journal of Community Psychology, 28(1), 51-61.
Staple, L. H. (1990). Powerful ideas about empowerment. Administration in Social Work, 14(2), 29-42.
Stimpson, Q. (2003). Counselling in a postmodern context : A possible role for community and voluntary counseling services. In Q. Stimpson (Eds.), Clinical Counselling in voluntary and community settings (pp. 128-133). New York: Brunner-Routledge.
Strawbridge, S. (1999). Counselling and psychotherapy as enabling and empowerment. In C. Feltham (Eds.), Controversies in psychotherapy and counseling. London: SAGE Publications.
Thomas, F. (2004). Competency-based counseling with children and their families. 能力取向兒童及其家庭治療工作坊，財團法人華人心理治療研究發展基金會。
Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment : An “Interpretive” model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666-681.
Torre, D. (1985). Empowerment : Structured conceptualization and instrument development. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Walter, J. L., & Peller, J. E. (1992). Becoming solution-focused in brief therapy. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Walter, J. L., & Peller, J. E. (1996). Rethinking our assumptions: Assuming anew in a postmodern world. In S. D. Miller, M. A. Hubble, & B. L. Duncan (Eds.), Handbook of solution-focused brief therapy (pp. 9-26). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Waters, E. B., & Goodman, J. (1990). Empowering older adults : Practical strategies for counselors. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Watzlawick, P. , Weakland, J. H., & Fisch, R. (1974). Change: Principles of problem formation and problem resolution. New York: W. W. Norton & Company .（夏林清、鄭村棋譯（民85）：變–問題形成與問題解決。台北：張老師）。
Webb, W. (1999). Solutioning: Solution-focused intervention for counselors. Philadelphia, PA: Accelerated Development.
White, M. (2004). Folk psychology and narrative practice. In L. E. Angus & J. McLeod (Eds.), The handbook of narrative and psychotherapy : Practice, theory, and research (pp. 15-51). London: SAGE Publications.
Zimmerman, M. A. (1990). Taking aim on empowerment research : On the distinction between psychological and individual conceptions. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18,169-177.
Zimmerman, M. A. (1995). Psychological empowerment: Issues and illustrations. American Journal of Community Psychology, 23(5), 581-599.
Zimmerman, M. A., & Rappaport, J. (1988). Citizen participation, perceived control, and psychological empowerment. American Journal of Community Psychology, 16(5), 725-750.
Zimmerman, M. A., Israel, B. A., Schulz, A., & Checkoway, B. (1992). Further explorations in empowerment theory: An empirical analysis of psychological empowerment. American Journal of Community Psychology, 20(6), 707-727.
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
:::
無相關著作
 
無相關點閱
 
QR Code
QRCODE

臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

目前上線人數：721（臺灣：686，外國：35） ／ 本年度總使用人次：1348743 ／ 訪客人次（自102年09月）：67148602
國家圖書館著作權聲明 Copyright © 2013 All rights reserved.
本館地址: 100201臺北市中山南路20號． 本館地圖及交通資訊．
總機：(02)23619132．最佳瀏覽解析度為1024x768以上