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題名:集體殺人犯罪模式與心理特性之研究
作者:羅時強
作者(外文):Shih-chiang Lo
校院名稱:國立中正大學
系所名稱:犯罪防治所
指導教授:林瑞欽
楊士隆
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2007
主題關鍵詞:集體殺人多重殺人連續殺人殺人心理特性犯罪模式Serial MurderPsychological CharacteristicsCrime PatternMass MurderHomicideMulticide
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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殺人犯罪對於生命的剝奪,具有直接侵害生命法益之特性,而同時殺害3人以上之「集體殺人」更為罪行重大,且在國內缺乏相關研究,故本論文共涵誘T個連貫系列性研究,研究一為探索性的調查,採取「事後回溯研究法」,以瞭解有關國內司法院刑事判決書之「集體殺人」案件相關犯罪特性資料;研究二針對國內「集體殺人」案件的代表性人物進行質性訪談研究,以深入瞭解集體殺人犯罪的犯罪模式;研究三以問卷量化性之研究,以瞭解集體殺人犯認知扭曲、衝動性、攻擊性等心理特性,據以研擬妥當防治對策,以期減少殺人犯罪的發生;惟鑑於國內殺害3人以上的集體殺人犯之研究樣本有限,故本論文修正為2名被害人(1死1傷)之定義,此為本論文之主要研究限制。
經由本論文三個系列研究發現:
一、對106名集體殺人犯判決書分析發現:有5成案發前預謀、有3成案發時飲酒、約6成與
被害人認識;經與殺人犯比較發現,殺人犯有前科比例,顯著高於集體殺人犯;集體
殺人犯案發前預謀比例,顯著高於殺人犯,且犯案前飲酒比例,顯著低於殺人犯。
二、對8名集體殺人犯以「質性研究法」訪談發現:集體殺人犯罪模式中以「觸發因子」為
產生集體殺人行為的關鍵點,並歸納出集體殺人犯罪之犯罪模式。
三、對65名集體殺人犯、201名一般殺人犯、98名控制組,以問卷調查探討心理特性發現:
(一)集體殺人犯、一般殺人犯在認知扭曲、衝動性、攻擊性皆無顯著差異。
(二)集體殺人犯的認知扭曲、衝動性、攻擊性間有正相關,且互有典型相關影響。
(三)集體殺人犯衝動性之「缺乏思考」為預測攻擊性的最重要因素。
(四)經徑路分析發現認知扭曲、衝動性對於攻擊性有因果關係。
(五)進行區別分析發現以認知扭曲之自我中心、攻擊性之憤怒可辨別集體殺人犯、控制
組,正確率為63.2%。
本論文根據研究結果提出,加強人際溝通、預防酗酒、暴力犯之矯治、篩檢認知扭曲之青少年、暴力傾向之精神病患者之掌握等多面向的防治對策及後續研究建議。
The literatures about the study of mass murder were absence in Taiwan. For this purpose, three pioneer studies on this subject had been conduct in thesis.
In order to explore the crime characteristics of the mass murder, the Retrospective Research was used in study 1. 106 court verdicts related to this theme were collected from the Judicial Yuan. The Qualitative Research technique was applied in Study 2. 8 convicts of mass murder were interviewed about the crime pattern and motive. In study 3, the self-reported questionnaires were used to survey the psychological characteristics of cognitive distortion, impulsivity and aggression. The major limitation of this study was due to hard to find the convicts who killed 3 victims in Taiwan, the definition of the mass murder in this thesis was modulate the number of victim for two person (one died and one hurt).
The research results were listed as follows:
1. About fifty percent of mass murderers were malice aforethought, thirty percent were under the influence of alcohol and sixty percent were acquainted with the victims each other. The rate of the previous conviction records in general murderers was higher than the mass murderers obviously. Compare with the general murders, high proportion of the malice aforethought cases and low percentage of alcohol influence were found in mass murderers.
2. From the research of qualitative research with 8 convicts of mass murder revealed that the crime pattern of the mass murder and the key point of the offence behavior in mass murderers was the trigger factor.
3.By the way of self-reported questionnaires study with 65 mass murderers, 201 general murderers and 98 general population, the results show that no difference in the cognitive distortions, impulsivity and aggression between the mass murderers and general murderers. The correlate of the cognitive distortions, impulsivity and aggression was found in the mass murderers. Without thinking was the most important factor for prediction the aggressive behavior. The causal relation was disclosed between the cognitive distortions, impulsivity and aggression by the way of the path analysis. To distinguish from the mass murderers and general person, the cognitive distortions and aggressive factor was used and 63.2% accurate rate was found in discriminant analysis.
From the study, some suggestions relate to the control of mass murder, prevention strategy and further research was brought up in this thesis, including improving the interpersonal communication, alcoholism prevention, violence behavior correction, screening of cognitive distortion in young group and the control of psychosis patient.
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