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題名:國民中學校長與主任相似性對其關係品質的影響
作者:陳青勇
作者(外文):Ching-jung Chen
校院名稱:國立臺南大學
系所名稱:教育經營與管理研究所博士班
指導教授:丁學勤
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2010
主題關鍵詞:實際表層相似知覺相似相似性LMX關係品質實際深層相似actual surface-level of similarityperceived similaritysimilarityLMX relationship qualityactual deep-level of similarity
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在組織行為研究中主管與部屬之間有高品質的交換關係會導致重要的正向結果,故LMX關係品質前因變數的瞭解是非常重要的。根據社會心理學及組織行為的相關文獻,發現主管與部屬個體間相似性是LMX關係品質重要的前因變數之一。再根據相似性相關文獻,本研究發現同時以主管與部屬對偶的實際表層相似、實際深層相似及知覺相似等三種相似性變數,探討對其關係品質影響的研究尚付之闕如。因此,基於補強相似性研究缺口,本研究全面探討主管與其對偶部屬相似性對其關係品質的影響。探討的主題包括知覺相似對關係品質的影響;實際表層相似對關係品質的影響;實際深層相似對關係品質的影響;實際表層相似、實際深層相似對知覺相似的影響,以及知覺相似對實際表層相似、實際深層相似影響關係品質的中介角色。
本研究採用調查研究法,以全台灣地區之公立國民中學(不包含澎湖縣、金門縣、連江縣等外島地區,及研究者擔任校長之學校)為研究母群體,以普查方式取得研究樣本,採用校長與處室主任對偶問卷為研究工具,總計獲得817份校長與主任對偶有效問卷。校長問卷、主任問卷及校長與主任相似性各構面衡量首先均通過內部一致性、構面單一性及收斂效度和區別效度的檢測。其次進行校長與主任各相似性構面之二次一階驗證性因素分析,以評鑑測量模式與觀察資料間的適配程度,並獲得良好的建構效度。接著進行模式路徑分析,以評鑑模式的整體適配度,及獲得外生潛在變數與內生潛在變數間的路徑係數。最後以模式各潛在變項間的路徑係數的標準化解值驗證各項研究假設,及使用複迴歸進行中介效果再驗證。
研究結果發現:1.校長知覺相似能正向影響校長關係品質,而主任知覺相似也能正向影響主任關係品質;2.校長與主任實際表層相似僅能部分直接正向影響校長關係品質(年齡相近及教育背景相同為間接正向影響),校長與主任實際表層相似均能直接影響主任關係品質(但是年齡相近是負向影響);3.校長與主任實際深層相似均能正向影響校長關係品質及主任關係品質;4.校長與主任實際表層相似均能影響校長知覺相似,但是校長與主任實際表層相似僅能部份影響主任知覺相似(年齡相近及教育背景相同除外);5. 校長知覺相似及主任知覺相似對「校長與主任性別相同、成長需求強度相似、自尊相似、前瞻性人格相似影響校長關係品質及主任關係品質」的路徑中具有部分中介效果。最後提出理論意涵與管理意涵,及對後續研究者提供研究建議。
A great exchange relationship quality of leader and member will make the organization better. It is important to probe into the antecedents of LMX. Based on the literatures about social psychology and organizational behavior, it is found that the similarity of supervisor with its subordinate is considered as one of the important antecedents of LMX relationship quality. This study brings up three kinds of similarity, and probes into the effect on LMX relationship quality. It explores the impact of perceived similarity on relationship quality, the impact of actual surface-level of similarity on relationship quality, the impact of actual deep-level of similarity on relationship quality, the impact of actual similarity on perceived similarity, and the perceived similarity as the mediator of the relationship between actual similarity and relationship quality.
This study employs pair questionnaire survey. The population of this study is public junior high schools in Taiwan. All valid pair questionnaires are 817 copies, including the principal and director questionnaires. After the tests of internal consistency, unidimensionality, convergent validity, and discrimination validity, this research adopts the structural equation modeling(SEM) to analyze the relationship among research variables, and then test the mediated effect by multiple regression analysis.
The empirical results of this study are following. The perceived similarity of the principal has positive effect on the relationship quality of the principal, as well as the director. The actual surface-level of similarity between the principal and director has partially positive effect on the relationship quality of the principal. The actual deep-level of similarity has positive effect on the relationship quality. The actual surface-level of similarity of the principal and director both have effect on the perceived similarity of the principal, but have partially effect on the perceived similarity of the director. The perceived similarity of the principle and director both have partially mediated effect. Finally, some implications for theoretical and management are put forth, and with research suggestions being provided to subsequent researchers.
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