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題名:社會心理脆弱因子對少年性侵害行為影響之研究
作者:林坤隆
校院名稱:中央警察大學
系所名稱:犯罪防治研究所
指導教授:沈勝昂
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2015
主題關鍵詞:少年性侵害犯罪社會心理脆弱因子父母親職失能重要他人依附被虐待經驗
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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近十年來,兒童及少年觸犯妨害性自主罪比率逐年增加,此發展趨勢,值得政府、學者及實務工作者等的重視與研究。因此本研究收集國內外進行過的相關研究文獻,整理與少年性侵害行為有關的理論文獻,提出對少年性侵害行為影響因素之研究假設,透過問卷調查的技術與概念,歸納出六項重要因素:發展的創傷、兒童及少年期困難、不安全依附、不良壓力覺察、不當壓力因應策略及偏差使用性行為來因應壓力,進行假設的檢驗。
本研究透過自陳報告方式,探討少年有關的社會心理脆弱因子對少年性侵害行為之影響。針對男性少年的犯罪,收集少年有關的社會心理脆弱因子資料,經過實際問卷施測結果,獲得932位男性少年樣本。本研究依犯罪性質分成四組。針對社會心理脆弱因子進行統計分析,找尋組間的顯著差異及其可解釋的因子。
本研究假設檢驗結果發現如下:
1.出入網咖、參加賭博活動及性行為等三個偏差行為變項可以有效預測少年性侵害行為的有無發生。
2.性侵害少年與非性侵害少年做比較,性侵害少年從事較少的毒品犯罪行為及較多性交易行為,且皆達到顯著差異。
3.性侵害少年的犯罪類型多樣化及其沒有特殊專門化的犯罪型態。
4.性侵害少年的親職失能情形,不管在種類的多寡或是人數百分比上皆比其他三組少年來得嚴重。性侵害少年存在著父母親職失能雙危險的高風險問題。性侵害少年與父母同住比率低,這與父母親職失能有關。
5. 性侵害少年在父親虐待跟一般少年有顯著差異存在,且比非暴力犯罪少年及非性暴力犯罪少年來得高。性侵害少年承受來自父親的性虐待及不當性習慣多於一般少年且達到顯著差異。
6. 發現重要發展變項有父親依附疏離因子,偏差行為有出入網咖、參加賭博活動等二個變項,犯罪行為類數及次數,以及違反性交易防制條例等六個變數可以有效預測少年性侵害犯罪行為。
研究的結果顯示重要發展變項、社會心理脆弱因子及犯罪前科紀錄等可以有效預測少年性侵害行為的發生。因此在少年性侵害行為犯罪防治上,投注更多資源在社會心理脆弱因子的發現及處遇,對於少年性侵害行為的降低會有所幫助。
關鍵字:少年性侵害犯罪、社會心理脆弱因子、父母親職失能、重要他人依附、被虐待經驗
Over the past decade, children and adolescents have committed increasingly sex offenses. The increasingly offenses committed by children and youth need special attention by government , scholars and practitioners to note and conduct research to understand why. Therefore, the present study collects domestic and international literature, reads literature and relevant theories and hypothesized the influential factors for children and youth to commit sex offenses. After reading the literature, the author concludes sex important factors: developmental trauma, difficulties in childhood and adolescence, insecure attachment, poor perception of stress, improper coping strategies for stress, and use of deviant sexual behavior to cope stress. Based upon these six key factors the self-report questionnaire is developed to test the hypotheses.
The present uses self-report questionnaire to explore the socio-psychological vulnerability factors on juvenile sexual offending. This study aims at understanding the male children and adolescent to conduct the sex crime; as a result a total of 932 effective questionnaires are received. Participants are divided into four groups according to the crime feature. The SPSS is used to conduct the statistical analysis to find significant difference between groups and explain why participants commit sex offenses.
The outcome of the present study presents as below:
(1) Going to the Internet coffee frequently, gambling and sexual behavior are three variables for deviant behavior can predict the occurrence of juvenile sexual offending.
(2) The juvenile sex offenders conduct less drug offenses and more sex transactions than the juvenile non-sex offenders, and reach significant differences.
(3) The juvenile sex offenders commit a variety of the crimes, but they do not specialize in certain crime patterns.
(4) More juvenile sex offenders face more different types of poor parenting comparing to other three groups. The juvenile sex offenders face high risk for parental dysfunction, especially for both parents. The rate for juvenile sex offenders live with their parents is low, and it is related to parental dysfunction.
(5) In terms of the father abuse, there is significant difference between juvenile sex offenders group and control group, and the juvenile sex offenders group is higher than the juvenile non-violent offender group and the juvenile non-sex violent offenders group. The juvenile sex offenders suffer more fathers’ sexual abuse and inappropriate sexual habits than the control group, and these two variables reach significant differences.
(6) The researcher finds a key development variables – alienation factor for father’s attachment; two deviant behaviors – going to the Internet coffee shop and gambling, the types and the number of offenses, violation of children and youth sex exploitation prevent act, a total of six independent variables can effectively predict the children and youth to commit sex crime.
The study shows that important development variables, socio-psychological vulnerability factors and criminal records can predict the occurrence of juvenile sexual offenses. Therefore, to prevent the juvenile from committing sex crimes. Government invests more resources to ameliorate socio-psychological vulnerability factors and treatment, benefiting to reduce the occurrence of juvenile sex crimes.
Key words: juvenile sex offending, socio-psychological vulnerable factors, parenting dysfunction, attachment to significant others, abused experience
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