Taking “the statecrafting principles of writings” as a base of observation or an axis of discourse, this study consists of six chapters to compare and analyse the samenesses, similarities and differences between Liu Xie’s Wen Xin Diao Long and Liu Zhi Ji’s Shi Tong, which manifested all-around in their motivations and backgrounds of composing, the systematic frameworks, the analytic modes and procedures, and the theoretical thoughts of these two masterpieces. As the monumental theories represented a comprehensive generalization of views or ideas of various literary writings and historical writings from Pre-Qin to Southern-Qi and early Tang dynasty, Wen Xin Diao Long and Shi Tong not only had a latent kinship of evolution from origin to change and from extensiveness to specialization, and also kept abreast of times and eath other with their high contributions, it thence appeared a merit of comparative study of the intertextuallity between these two works which has been neglected by previous single-minded reseaches. Liu Xie and Liu Zhi Ji both devoted their theories to propagating that good literary and historical works could be effective mediums or carriers which record human’s matters, edify human’s mind and regulate human’s relationship, and they both believed that the true principles of literature and history relect the eternal verities of human and heaven, thus it was necessary to refine overall a series of principles of writings and criticism in domains of literature (in broad sense) and history from past to future.