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題名：父母爭吵時的三角關係運作與兒童行為問題之相關研究
書刊名：中華輔導學報
作者：張虹雯／郭麗安
作者(外文)：Chang, Hung-wen／Kuo, Li-an
出版日期：2000
卷期：8
頁次：頁77-110
主題關鍵詞：三角關係；代罪羔羊；兒童行為問題；家庭系統理論；跨世代聯盟；親職化；Family systems theory；Children's behavior problems；Triangle；Scapegoating；Cross-generational coalitation；Parentification
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(15) 博士論文(12) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:14
  • 共同引用共同引用:39
  • 點閱點閱:425
　　　　　本研究主要以家族系統理論學者Bowen所提之「三角關係」概念為理論依據，試圖了解兒童涉入父母爭吵時的三角關係與其行為問題間的關連性，並探討性別與出生序等變項的影響。本研究共抽樣526位有效樣本，並依據受試樣本在研究者自編的「父母爭吵時的三角關係運作量表」以及「兒童行為檢核表」的得分，進行統計分析，得到下列的結果：1.男女童在父母爭吵時成為代罪羔羊的程度有顯著差異存在，且男童比女童容易成為代罪羔羊；而在跨世代聯盟與親職化的得分則無性別上的差異。男女童在內化行為問題上的差異未達顯著差異水準；而在外化行為與全行為問題兩個向度上階達到顯著差異水準，且男童比女童出現有較高的外化行為與全行為問題。2.不同出生序兒童在跨世代聯盟上的差異達到顯著水準，且在事後考驗中發現老么在跨世代聯盟上的情形顯著高於老大；不同出生序兒童在代罪羔羊與親職化向度上的差異則未達到顯著水準。不同出生序兒童在內化行為、外化行為與全行為問題上的表現沒有差異。3.代罪羔羊與親職化分別與兒童行為問題呈顯著正相關與負相關，跨世代聯盟與兒童行為問題之間則無顯著相關。4.親職化與代罪羔羊可有效預測女童的內化、外化與全行為問題，以及男童的外化與全行為問題；親職化可有效預測男童的內化行為問題。但親職化與代罪羔羊的預測方向不同，親職化愈高的小孩，行為問題的發生率愈低，而代罪羔羊的程度愈高，行為問題的發生率也就愈高。跨世代聯盟則無法預測男女童的行為問題。
　　　　　The purpose of the research is to explore the relationship between the level of triangle operation in parental quarrels and children'behavior problems.526 children completed the Triangel Operation in Parental Quarrels Scale and the Children Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The results of this research were as following: 1.Among the three dimension of triangle, boys only scored higher than girls in the dimension of scapegoating. Among the three dimensions of behavior problems, boys scored higher than girls in the dimension of externalizing behaviors and total behaviors. 2.Among the three dimensions of triangle, the youngest in the family birth order scored higher than the oldest in the dimension of cross-generational coalition. There is no significant main effect of the birth order on behavior problems. 3.The scapegoating is positively correlated with behavior problems. The parentification is negatively correlated with behavior problems. However, there is no significantly positive correlation between cross-generational coalitation and behavior problems. 4.The girls'internalizing, externalizing and total behavior scores can be effectively predicted by scapegoating and parentification. The boys'externalizing and total behavior scores can be effectively predicted by scapegoating and arentification. The boys internalizing behaviors can be effectively predicted by parentification. However, scapegoating and parentification predict opposite way. Higher scapegoating has more behavior problems. Higher parentification has less behavior problems. The results are discussed, and suggestions were marked for the future research and professional counselors.
期刊論文
1.Davies, P. T.、Cummings, E. M.(1994)。Marital conflict and child adjustment: An emotional security hypothesis。Psychological Bulletin，116(3)，387-411。  new window
2.Peterson, J. L.、Zill, N.(1986)。Marital Disruption, Parent-child Relationships, and Behavior Problems in Children。Journal of Marriage and the Family，48(2)，295-307。  new window
3.Grych, J. H.、Seid, M.、Fincham, F. D.(1992)。Assessing marital conflict from the child's perspective: The children's perception of interparental conflict scale。Child Development，63(3)，558-572。  new window
4.Cummings, E. M.、Vogel, D.、Cummings, J. S.、El-Sheikh, M.(1989)。Children's responses to different forms of expression of anger between adults。Child Development，60(6)，1392-1404。  new window
5.Fauber, R.、Forehand, R.、Thomas, A.、Wierson, M.(1990)。A mediational model of the impact of marital conflict on adolescent adjustment in intact and divorced families: The role of disrupted parenting。Child Development，61(4)，1112-1123。  new window
6.呂翠夏(19930600)。The Impact of Marital Conflict on Children's Socio-emotional Development。臺南師院學報，26，255-275。new window  new window
7.Held, B. S.、Bellow, D. C.(1983)。A family systems approach to crisis reactions in college students。Journal of marital and family therapy，9(4)，365-373。  new window
8.Grych, John H.、Fincham, Frank D.(1990)。Marital conflict and children's adjustment: A cognitive-contextual framework。Psychological Bulletin，108(2)，267-290。  new window
9.Teyber, E.(1983)。Effects of the parental coalition on adolescent emancipation from the family。Journal of Marital and Family Therapy，9(3)，305-310。  new window
10.Emery, R. E.(1982)。Interparental Conflict and the Children of Discord and Divorce。Psychological Bulletin，92(2)，310-330。  new window
11.Malone, P. E.、Williamson, D. S.、Bray, J. H.(1984)。Personal authority in the family system: Development of a questionnaire to measure personal authority in intergenerational family processes。Journal of Marital and Family Therapy，10，167-178。  new window
12.Achenbach, T. M.(1978)。The Child Behavior Profile: I. Boys aged 6-11。Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology，46(3)，478-488。  new window
13.Bell, L. G.、Bell, D. C.(1979)。Triangulation: Pitfall for the Development Child。Journal of group psychotherapy, psychodrama and sociometry，32，150-155。  new window
14.Cummings, E. M.、Ballard, M.、El-Sheikh, M.、Lake, M.(1991)。Resolution and children's responses to interadult anger。Development Psychology，27(3)，462-470。  new window
15.Erel, O.、Burman, B.(1995)。Interrelatedness of martial relations and parent-child relations: A meta-analytic review。Psychological Bulletin，111(1)，108-132。  new window
16.Jenkins, J. M.、Smith, M. A.、Graham, P. J.(1989)。Coping with parental quarrels。Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry，28(2)，182-189。  new window
17.Jenkins, J. M.、Smith, M. A.(1991)。Marital disharmony and child's behavior problems: Aspects of a poor marriage that affect children adversely。The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry，32(5)，793-810。  new window
18.Kirshner, L. A.(1992)。The absence of the father。Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association，40(4)，1117-1138。  new window
19.Miller, P. M.、Danaher, D. C.、Forbes, D.(1986)。Sex-related strategies for coping with interpersonal conflict in children aged five and seven。Developmental Psychology，22(4)，543-548。  new window
20.O'sborne, L. M.、Fincham, F. D.(1996)。Marital conflict, parent-child relationships, and child adjustment: Does gender matter?。Journal of Merrill-Palmer Quarterly，42(1)，48-75。  new window
21.West, J. D.、Zarski, J. J.、Harvill, R.(1986)。The influence of the family triangle on intimacy。Journal of American Mental Health Counselors Association，8(3)，166-174。  new window
會議論文
1.Wilson, R. J.、Michael, R.(1985)。Family triangles and college student adjustment。The annual Meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association。  new window
研究報告
1.陳秉華(1996)。心理諮商中分離一個體化衝突改變歷程研究，三。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
2.黃惠玲(1993)。發展臺灣地區的多軸兒童行為衡鑑評量表。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.莊千慧(1994)。出生序與父母管教態度對兒童的社會興趣與人格適應之影響(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.Brotherton, W. D.(1989)。The Assessment of Parental Triangulation of Child(博士論文)。The Florida State University，Florida。  new window
3.薛惠琪(1995)。兒童行為問題實徵性多軸衡鑑與分類之相關研究(碩士論文)。中原大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.江睿霞(1994)。父母婚姻衝突對兒童生活適應之影響(碩士論文)。國立政治大學，臺北。  延伸查詢new window
5.沈慶鴻(1997)。婚姻暴力代間傳遞之分析研究(博士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.王嚮蕾(1994)。原生家庭父母自我分化與青少年自我分化、焦慮之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學，台北。  延伸查詢new window
7.賈紅鶯(1991)。父母自我分化、子女自我分化與子女適應水準之相關研究--Bowen家庭系統理論之驗證(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
8.Arnold, J. David(1982)。Family Scapegoating and Adolescent Development，沒有紀錄。  new window
9.Dwyer, Timothy John(1991)。The Relationship of Childhood Parentification and Adult Panic Disorder，沒有紀錄。  new window
10.Gracer, Ann D.(1992)。Parentification, Narcissistic Vulnerability, Empathy, and the Choice of a Helping Profession，沒有紀錄。  new window
11.London, Julie Ann(1989)。Parental Marital Status and Parentification: A study of Childhood Family Environment and Intimacy in Young Adulthood，沒有紀錄。  new window
12.Lungen, Benjamin(1993)。The Relationship between the Perception of Cross-generational Coalitions and Adolescent Adjustment in Stepfamilies Compared to Nuclear Families，沒有紀錄。  new window
13.Martin, Michele Tuer(1995)。Mother-daughter Relations in Divorced Families: Parentification and Internalizing and Relationship Problems，沒有紀錄。  new window
14.McKenna, Suzanne(1995)。A Causal Model of Family Influence: The Effects of Family Structure, Birth Order, Familial Satisfaction, and Parentification，沒有紀錄。  new window
15.Pate, Janice Leanne(1985)。Aspects of the Marital Relationship of Parents Associated with Ego Development of Adolescent Offspring (Identity, Conflict, Coalitions, Scapegoating, Family Environment)，沒有紀錄。  new window
16.Pola, Lourdes Elena(1992)。Parentification Level as Predictor of Self-esteem and Academic Achievement in Hispanic Children，沒有紀錄。  new window
17.Richie, C.(1986)。The measurement of triangulation: The development of a questionnaire for adolescent respondents，0。  new window
18.林明慧(1990)。家庭因素與學齡兒童攻擊行為關係之研究－以臺北市國小學童為例，0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Adler, Alfred(1958)。What life should mean to you。New York：Putnam Capricorn。  new window
2.Bowen, M.(1978)。Family therapy in clinical practice。New York：Northvale, NJ：Basic Books：Jason Aronson。  new window
3.Goldenberg, I.、Goldenberg, H.(1996)。Family therapy: An overview。Brooks/Cole。  new window
4.Larson, R.、Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly(1984)。Being Adolescent: Conflict and Growth In The Teenage Years。New York, NY：Basic Books。  new window
5.Jordan, J. V.、Kaplan, A. G.、Miller, J. B.、Stiver, I. P.、Surrey, J. L.(1991)。Women's growth in connection: Writing from stone center。New York, NY：The Guildford Press。  new window
6.Minuchin, S.(1974)。Families and family therapy。Harvard University Press。  new window
7.Kerr, Michael E.、Bowen, Murray(1988)。Family Evaluation: An Approach Based on Bowen Theory。W. W. Norton & Company。  new window
8.Erikson, Erik Homburger(1963)。Childhood and Society。W. W. Norton Publishing Co.。  new window
9.Gilligan, Carol(1982)。In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development。Harvard University Press。  new window
10.Guerin, P. H.、Fay, L. H.、Burden, S. L.、Gilbertkautto, J.(1987)。The evaluation and treatment of martial conflict: A four-stage approach。The evaluation and treatment of martial conflict: A four-stage approach。New York, NY。  new window
11.Vogel, E. F.、Bell, N. W.(1968)。The emotionally disturbed child as the family scapegoat。A modern introduction to the family。New York, NY。  new window
圖書論文
1.Ruble, Diane N.、Martin, Carol Lynn(1998)。Gender development。Handbook of child psychology (Vol. 3): Social, Emotional, and Personality Development。John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
 
 
 
 
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