新屋地區的族群結構以半福佬客與客家人爲主體，泉系閩南人佔少數。世居宗族原鄉祖籍地大多來自粵東地區，具有明顯的原鄉血緣性和地緣性色彩。根據原鄉祖籍地資料確認其族群屬性，還原研究區拓墾以來的族群空間結構，呈現明顯的分布態勢，半福佬客主要分布於社子溪以北、客家人分布於以南、泉系閩南人分布於西南沿海地帶，形成三個族群屬性分區。新屋地區在清代分屬兩個墾區庄，社子溪以北屬「大溪墘庄」，社子溪以南屬「萃豐庄」，大溪墘庄的開發以郭振岳與姜勝本墾號爲主力，社子溪以南萃豐庄的開墾則是以徐熙拱墾號爲中心。一區域族群分布的空間結構，乃是歷史開發過程中人群互動的結果，半福佬客優佔區與客家優佔區的界線「社子溪」，在清代乃是「大溪墘庄」與「萃豐庄」的庄界，根據本研究的推論，新屋地區的族群空間分布型態與清代墾區庄墾戶的族群屬性有密切的關聯。

There are three ethnic groups, including Hakka, Southern Min, and the so-called "Half-Hohlo-Hakka" in the Xinwu area of Taoyuan County. The immigrants in the study area show strong spatial relation and blood relationship with the eastern Guangdong province where their ancestors came from. According to the data on ancestral homes, we can identify the dialect groups, and ascertain their spatial distribution in the Qing dynasty. In the study area, the Half-Hohlo-Hakka dialect groups mostly live in the northern of Shezih Creek, the Hakka group in the southern, and the Southern Min (belongs to Quanzhou vernacular) group live in the southwestern coastal zone. In the Qing dynasty, the Xinwu area belonged to two reclamation farm villages: the Daxichian farm village (大溪墘庄) located in the northern part of Shezih Creek, which was reclaimed by Guozhengyue (郭振岳墾號) and Jangshengben (姜勝本墾號) enterprises, and the Cuifeng farm village (萃豐庄) in the southern part of the creek administrated by the Xuxigong enterprise (徐熙拱墾號). In the course of history, the patterns of the spatial characteristics of ethnic groups were shaped by ethnic interaction. The Shezih Creek, the boundary of these two ethnic groups' reclamation, referred that the characteristics of the spatial distribution of ethnic groups in Xinwu area are closely linked to the dialect groups that had reclaimed the farm villages in the Qing dynasty.