In-service teacher's professional development is one important part in teacher education; it is also an important course for teacher's lifelong learning. For enhancing the connection of academic theory and current practical situation, we should promote teacher's professional development so as to enhance teaching effectiveness. Purpose of this study is to discuss mathematic teachers' needs in professional development from observing the differences between elementary school teachers' ideal professional teaching goals and the actual status that they are aware of based on elementary in-service mathematic teachers' view on math teacher's professional standards. The study firstly investigated elementary school mathematic teacher's professional standard related domestic and foreign literatures to confirm important dimensions and sub-dimensions relating to match teacher's professional standards to be the basis for establishing the questionnaire in this study. After compiling the draft questionnaire, eight domestic professors in mathematics field and two in-service elementary school mathematics teachers were invited to review and modify the draft as the pre-test questionnaire and as well as to carry out the reliability and validity analysis. Soon after, a semi-structured interview was supplemented; the study also interviewed the 11 invited teachers, who had completed the pre-test questionnaire, to modify the self-edited research tool, ”The Survey of the Professional standards and professional development needs of mathematics teacher in elementary school”. Subjects of the study included all the in-service elementary school teachers in central Taiwan (including Taichung County, Chunghua County, Nantou County, and Taichung City). As for the official survey, by stratified ratio sampling, 1087 effective questionnaire were obtained. Results of this study, on the one hand, allow teachers becoming aware of dimensions and specific areas that they still need to strengthen at and, on the other hand, can serve as references for teacher training institutions to plan and carry out teacher's in-job training curriculum or for other teachers to plan their professional development.