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題名：臺灣民眾政治容忍的分析
書刊名：東吳政治學報
作者：黃秀端 引用關係
作者(外文)：Hawang, Shiow-duan
出版日期：1996
卷期：6
頁次：頁1-38
主題關鍵詞：政治容忍；目標團體；政治權利；對威脅之認知；權威型人格；內容控制測量；Political tolerance；Target group；Political rights；Perception of threats；Authoritarian personality；Content-controlled measures
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(0) 專書(2) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:98
  • 點閱點閱:52
　　　　　近年來臺灣政治社會面臨快速的轉變，宣佈解嚴、開放黨禁、以及集會遊行與「第四臺」的合法化等等，各種不同主張的言論與團體相繼出現。此種情況對於習慣於「一種聲音」之民眾，可能產生相當大的衝擊。在面臨各種不同的意見中，有些可能是自己所不喜歡或是討厭的，民眾如何看待這些不同主張的人呢？是否願意給予他們憲法上所賦予他們的權利呢？ 本文利用第二期第三次臺灣社會變遷基本調查資料分析，發現民眾認為對社會危害最大的政治主張為共產主義，其次為臺獨主張的人。同時，民眾最不願意給予於主張共產主義的人政治權利，其次為主張臺獨的人，而對於主張恢復戒嚴的人最為寬容。 不同背景的人所選擇的目標團體亦有差異。以共產黨為主要目標團體的以教育程度低、閩南人、中南部地區、民進黨支持者為最多；以臺獨為主要目標團體則以高教育程度、大陸省籍、中國人認同者以及非常支持國民黨者為最多；而以立即統一為主要目標團體者之特徵正好與以臺獨為目標團體者相反。 影響民眾政治容忍最重要之變數為教育，然而教育與容忍之關係並非直線，自小學至專科期間之教育並未能使學生們更為寬容。另外一項具有顯著水準的個人背景因素便是省籍。閩南人最為寬容，大陸省籍人士最不寬容。在政治因素上，對反對黨之信任態度越高，對民主的支持程度越高者容忍態度便越高。認同國民黨者，對於異己較不能容忍，而認同民進黨者對異己較能容忍。
　　　　　This paper will examine how tolerance Taiwanese people are when thissociety is getting more open and democratized. Using survey research data from Taiwan Social Change Survey of 1992, this paper addressed several problems. First, we demonstrated the distribution of target groups in people's minds, and further showed different social and political backgrounds of respondents selected different political groups as targets. Then, we investigated the etiology of political tolerance, those factors examined including socio-demographic and political factors. The result indicated that education was the most important factor in determining political tolerance of Taiwanese people, ethnic origin party identification and democratic rolitical attituder also had their significant influences on political tolerance of people in Taiwan.
期刊論文
1.Shamir, Michal、Sullivan, John L.(1983)。The Political Context of Tolerance: The United States and Israel。American Political Science Review，77(4)，911-928。  new window
2.Sullivan, John L.、Piereson, James E.、Marcus, George E.(1979)。An Alternative Conceptualization of Political Tolerance: Illusory Increases 1950s-1970s。The American Political Science Review，73(3)，781-794。  new window
3.Prothro, James W.、Grigg, Charles W.(1960)。Fundamental Principles of Democracy: Bases of Agreement and Disagreement。Journal of Politics，22(2)，276-294。  new window
4.Duch, Raymond M.、Gibson, James L.(1992)。Putting Up With' Fascists in Western Europe: A Comparative, Cross-Level Analysis of Political Tolerance。Western Political Quarterly，45，237-273。  new window
5.Gibson, James L.(1992)。Alternative Measures of Political Tolerance: Must Tolerance Be "Least-Liked"?。American Journal of Political Science，36(2)，560-577。  new window
6.Jackman, Mary R.(1977)。Prejudice, Tolerance, and Attitudes toward Ethnic Groups。Social Science Research，6，145-169。  new window
7.Jackman, Mary R.(1978)。General and Applied Tolerance: Does Education Increase Commitment to Racial Integration?。American Journal of Political Science，22，302-324。  new window
8.McCutcheon, Alan L.(1985)。A Latent Class Analysis of Tolerance for Nonconformity in the American Public。Public Opinion Quarterly，49，474-488。  new window
9.McIntosh, Mary E.、Iver, Mac、Abele, Martha、Abele, Daniel G.、Nolle, David B.(1995)。Minority Rights and Majority Rule: Ethnic Tolerance in Romania and Bulgaria。Social Forces，73(3)，939-968。  new window
10.Muller, John(1988)。Trends in Political Tolerance。Public Opinion Quarterly，52，1-25。  new window
11.Sniderman, Paul M.、Tetlock, Philip E.、Glaser, James M.、Philip Green, Donald、Hout, Michael(1989)。Principled Tolerance and the American Mass Public。British Journal of Political Science，19，25-45。  new window
12.Wilson, Thomas C.(1994)。Trends in Tolerance toward Rightist and Leftist Groups, 1976-1988: Effects of Attitude Change and Cohort Succession。Public Opinion Quarterly，58，539-556。  new window
13.Zalkind, Sheldon S.、Gaugler, Edward A.、Schwartz, Ronald M.(1975)。Civil Liberties Attitudes and Personality Measures: Some Exploratory Research。Journal of Social Issues，31(2)，77-91。  new window
14.Bobo, Lawrence、Licari, Frederick C.(1989)。Education and Political Tolerance: Testing the Effect of Cognitive Sophistication and Target Group Affect。Public Opinion Quarterly，53(3)，283-308。  new window
15.Lawrence, David G.(1976)。Procedural Norms and Tolerance: A Reassessment。American Political Science Review，70(1)，80-100。  new window
16.Bollen, Kenneth A.(1980)。Issues in the Comparative Measurement of Political Democracy。American Sociological Review，45(3)，370-390。  new window
17.Bollen, Kenneth A.(1986)。Political Rights and Political Liberties in Nations: An Evaluation of Human Rights Measures, 1950 to 1984。Human Rights Quarterly，8，567-591。  new window
18.Culter, Stephen J.、Kaufman, Robert L.(1975)。Cohort Change in Political Attitudes: Tolerance of Ideological Nonconformity。Public Opinion Quarterly，39，69-81。  new window
19.Davis, James A.(1992)。Changing Weather in a Cooling Climate Atop the Liberal Plateau: Conversion and Replacement in Forty-Two General Social Survey Items, 1972-1989。Public Opinion Quarterly，56，261-306。  new window
20.Duckitt, John、Farre, Belinda(1994)。Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Political In tolerance Among Whites in the Future Majority-Rule South Africa。The Journal of Social Psychology，134，735-741。  new window
21.Gibson, James、Duch, Raymond M.(1993)。Political Tolerance in the USSR: The Distribution and Etiology of Mass Opinion。Comparative Political Studies，26(3)，286-329。  new window
22.Gree, David P.、Waxman, Lisa M.(1987)。Direct Threat and Political Tolerance: An Experimental Analysis of the Tolerance of Blacks Toward Racists。Public Opinion Quarterly，51，149-165。  new window
23.Sullivan, John L.、Marcus, George E.、Piereson, James、Feldman, Stanley(1979)。The Development of Political Tolerance: The Impact of Social Class, Personality and Cognition。International Journal of Political Education，2，115-139。  new window
24.McClosky, Herbert(1964)。Consensus and Ideology in American Politics。American Political Science Review，58(2)，361-382。  new window
25.Peffley, Mark、Sigelman, Lee(1990)。Intolerance of Communists during the McCarthy Era: A General Model。Western Political Quarterly，43(1)，93-111。  new window
26.Sullivan, John L.、Marcus, George E.、Feldman, Stanley、Piereson, James E.(1981)。The Sources of Political Tolerance: A Multivariate Analysis。American Political Science Review，75(1)，92-106。  new window
27.傅仰止、伊慶春(19940600)。容忍態度的結構肇因：都市背景、遷移經驗、異質聯繫。人文及社會科學集刊，6(2)，257-301。new window  延伸查詢new window
28.Griffith, Ernest S.、Plamenatz, John、Pennock, J. Roland(1965)。Cultural Prerequisites to a Successfully Functioning Democracy: A Symposium。American Political Science Review，50(1)，101-137。  new window
29.Davis, James A.(1975)。Communism, Conformity, Cohorts, and Categories: American Tolerance in 1954 and 1972-73。American Journal of Sociology，81(3)，491-513。  new window
會議論文
1.劉義周(1993)。台灣選民政黨形象的世代差異。「中華民國政治轉型的新挑戰」學術研討會，(會議日期: 中華民國八十二年十二月十九日)。台北：中國政治學會。  延伸查詢new window
2.伊慶春、蘇碩斌(1993)。無作答之分析：以公民容忍度為例。社會科學研究方法檢討與前瞻科技研討會，(會議日期: 中華民國八十二年五月二十七曰)。台北：中央研究院民族學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Stouffer, Samuel A.(1955)。Communism, Conformity, and Civil Liberties。New York：Doubleday。  new window
2.McClosky, H.、Brill, A.(1983)。Dimensions of Tolerance--What Americans Believe About Civil Liberties。New York：Russell Sage。  new window
3.Lipset, Seymour Martin、Raab, Earl(1970)。The Politics of Unreason: Right Wing Extremism in America, 1790-1970。New York：Basic Books。  new window
4.Sniderman, Paul M.(1975)。Personality and Democratic Politics。Berkeley：University of California Press。  new window
5.Sullivan, John L.、Shamir, Michal、Walsh, Patrick、Roberts, Nigel S.(1985)。Political Tolerance in Context: Support for Unpopular Minorities in Israel, New Zealand, and the United States。Boulder, CO：Westview。  new window
6.Sullivan, John L.、Piereson, James、Marcus, George E.(1982)。Political Tolerance and American Democracy。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
7.Dahl, Robert Alan(1989)。Democracy and Its Critics。New Haven：Yale University Press。  new window
8.Adorno, T. W.、Frenkel-Brunswik, Else、Levinson, D. J.、Sanford, R. N.(1950)。The Authoritarian Personality。New York, NY：Harper。  new window
9.Nunn, Clyde Z.、Crockett, Hary J. Jr.、Williams, J. Allen Jr.(1978)。Tolerance for Nonconformity。San Francisco, CA：Jossey-Bass。  new window
圖書論文
1.Bahry, Donna(1987)。Politics, Generations, and Change in the USSR。Politics, Work, and Daily Life in the USSR: A Survey of Former Soviet Citizens。Cambridge：Cambridge University。  new window
2.王甫昌(19930000)。省籍融合的本質--一個理論與經驗的探討。族群關係與國家認同。臺北：業強出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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