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題名：反省式民族誌與社會學質化方法：二個研究傳統的文獻評述與討論
書刊名：國立臺灣大學考古人類學刊
作者：蔣斌 引用關係
作者(外文)：Chiang, Bien
出版日期：1996
卷期：51
頁次：頁106-128
主題關鍵詞：反省式民族誌；社學學質化方法；Reflexive ethnography；Qualitative method；Sociology
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(6) 博士論文(0) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:6
  • 共同引用共同引用:100
  • 點閱點閱:38
　　　　　本文主旨在回顧“反省式民族誌”（reflexive ethnography）書寫傳統在人類學中發展、形成的脈絡。其次回顧社會學中質化方法（qualitative method）到“俗民方法論”（ethnomethodology）的發展脈絡。將二者加以比較，可以看出：在表面上二者關注的主題均為社會互動情境與知識生產過程的關聯，但由於二門學科發展的歷史、關注的課題，存在著若干基本的差異，使得這二個走向，在發展的過程中，互相援引之處，並不如預期的豐富。社會學質化方法由符號互動論（symbolic interactionism）出發，以微觀互動的情境為主要的分析架構；反省式民族誌則為詮釋人類學的架構。社會學質化方法發展到俗民方法論，由於互動分析的細膩，幾乎已經可以擺脫個別文化的範圍；反省式民族誌則由文化相對論出發，探討異文化溝通的本質。
　　　　　Anthropology of the 1970's witnesses the appearance of a new series of critical reflections on ethnographic fieldwork process. Chronologically they coincide with the beginning of a more prominent phenomenological impact in sociology, which gives new strength to the long standing qualitative approach in the discipline. The theme of this trend of "reflexive ethnography" is in accord with the stance of phenomenological sociology, namely a rejection of the uncritical positivism built-in to the methodology of anthropology and to look into the process of the production of anthropology and to look into the process of the production of knowledge through social interaction. An examination of the development of the two methodological trends in their respective disciplinary contexts, however, reveals that there were less exchange of concepts and analytical frameworks between the two trends than might be expected. Phenomenological sociology and ethnomethodology have as their original analytical framework the conceptual tool developed by symbolic interactionism. Without such a conceptual tool to deal with the situation of micro-interaction between individual actors, while reflecting upon the process of fieldwork communication, reflexive ethnogrphers often resort to the concept of culture itself. A further examination shows that the concept of culture commonly associated with phenomenology is the singular one -- the Tylorian notion of "culture", which denote extra-somatic heritage of mankind. As a reinvigorated and sophisticated heir of cultural relativism, reflexive ethnography, on the other hand, follows a phural notion of culture--the Boasian usage of the term which denotes collective customary behavioral regulatory, and mentally schematic plans of individual social groups. The crucial problems remained to be answered, then, are as follower: (1) How is inter-cultural communication possible in fieldwork situation? And (2) if it is in fact achiecved, how can the relativistic notion of culture be epistemologically or ontologically justified?
期刊論文
1.蔣斌(19790700)。田野方法的特性與使用。思與言，17(2)，25-42。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Becker, Howard S.(1958)。Problems of Inference and Proof in Participant Observation。American Sociological Review，23(6)，652-660。  new window
3.Robinson, W. S.(1951)。The Logical Structure of Analytic Induction。American Sociological Review，16，812-818。  new window
4.Zelditch, Morris Jr.(1962)。Some Methodological Problems of Field Studies。American Journal of Sociology，67(5)，566-576。  new window
5.Gold, R. L.(1958)。Roles in sociological field observation。Social Forces，36，217-223。  new window
6.黃道琳(1986)。社會生物學與新民族誌：當代人類學兩個落空的期許。當代，8，52-59。  延伸查詢new window
7.Barton, A. H.、Lazarsfeld, P. F.(1955)。Some Functions of Qualitative Analysis in Social Research。Franffurter Beitrage zur Soziologie，1，321-361。  new window
8.Becker, Howard S.(1956)。Interviewing Medical Students。American Journal of Sociology，62，199-201。  new window
9.Becker, H.、Geer, B.(1957)。Participant Observation and Interviewing: a Comparison。Human Organization，15(3)，28-32。  new window
10.Birth, Kevin K.(1989)。Reading and the Righting of Writing Ethnographies。American Ethnologist，17，549-557。  new window
11.Cohen, J.、Ilazelrigg, L. E.、Pope, W.(1975)。De-Parsonizing Weber: a Critique of Parsons' Interpretation of Weber's Sociology。American Sociological Review，40，229-241。  new window
12.Jarvie, I. C.(1975)。Epistle to the Anthropologists。American Anthropologist，77，253-266。  new window
13.McCarthy, Thomas(1992)。Doing the Right Thing in Cross-cultural Representation。Ethics，102，635-649。  new window
14.Pope, W.、Cohen, J.、Ilazelrigg, L. E.(1975)。On the Divergence of Weber and Durkheim: a Critique of Parson's Converrgence Thesis。American Sociological Review，40，417-472。  new window
15.Salamone, Frank(1979)。Epistemological Implications of Fieldwork and Their Consequences。American Anthropologist，81，46-60。  new window
16.Trow, Martin(1957)。Comment on Participant Observation and Interviewing: a Comparison。Human Organization，16(3)，33-35。  new window
圖書
1.Nisbet, Robert A.(1967)。The Sociological Tradition。New York, NY：Basic Books。  new window
2.Skidmore. William(1975)。Theoretical Thinking in Sociology。Cambridge University Press。  new window
3.Filstead. William J.(1970)。Qualitative methodology: Firsthand involvement with the social world。Chicago：Markham。  new window
4.Powdermaker, Hortense(1966)。Stranger and friend: The way of an anthropologist。New York：W. W. Norton。  new window
5.Dwyer, Kevin(1982)。Moroccan Dialogues: Anthropology in question。Baltimore：The John Hopkins University Press。  new window
6.Manners, Robert A.、Kaplan, David(1968)。Theory in Anthropology: A Sourcebook。Aldine Publishing Company。  new window
7.Pelto, Pertti J.(1970)。Anthropological Research: The Structure of Inquiry。New York：Harper & Row Publishers。  new window
8.Junker, Buford H.(1960)。Field Work: An Introduction to the Social Sciences。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
9.Clifford, James、Marcus, George E.(1986)。Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography。University of California Press。  new window
10.Durkheim, Emile、Spaulding, John A.、Simpson, George(1951)。Suicide。New York：The Free Press。  new window
11.Rabinow, Paul(1977)。Reflections on Fieldwork in Morocco。Berkeley：University of California Press。  new window
12.黃瑞祺(1985)。批判理論與現代社會學。台北：巨流。new window  延伸查詢new window
13.Beattie, John(1965)。Understanding an African Kingdom: Bunyoro。New York：Holt, Rinehart & Winston。  new window
14.Bowen, Eleanor Smith(1956)。Return to Laughter。New York：Harper & Row。  new window
15.Casagrande, Joseph(1960)。In The Company of Man。New York：Harper & Row。  new window
16.Dumont, Jean(1978)。The Headman and I。Austin：University of Texas Press。  new window
17.Durkheim, Emile(1964)。The Rules of Sociological Method。New York：Free Press。  new window
18.Epstein, A. L.(1967)。The Craft of Social Anthropology。London：Tavistock。  new window
19.Freillch, Morris(1970)。Qualitative Methodology: Firsthand Involvement with the Social World。Chicago：Markham。  new window
20.Freilich, Morris(1970)。Marginal Natives: Anthropologists at Work。New York：Harper & Row。  new window
21.Giddens, Anthony(1976)。New Rules of Sociological Method: a Positive Critique of Interpretative Sociologies。New York：Basic Book。  new window
22.Golde, Peggy(1970)。Women in the Field。Chicago：Aldine。  new window
23.Henry, F.、Saberwal, S.(1969)。Stress and Response in Field Work。New York：Holt, Rinehart & Winston。  new window
24.Jongmans, D. C.、Gutkind, P. C. W.(1967)。Anthropologist in the Field。New York：Humanities Press。  new window
25.Jongmans, D. G.、Gutkind, P. C. W.(1967)。Anthropologists in the Field。Assen：Van Gorcum。  new window
26.Knper, Adam(1983)。Anthropology and Anthropologist: the Modern British School。London：Routledge & Kegan Paul。  new window
27.Malinowski, B.(1967)。A Diary in the Strict Sense of the Term。New York：Harcourt, Brace & World。  new window
28.Middleton, John(1970)。The Study of the Lugbara: Expectation and Paradox in Anthropological Research。New York：Holt, Rinehart & Winston。  new window
29.Naroll, R.、Cohen, R.(1970)。A Handbook of Method in Cultural Anthropology。New York：The Natural History Press。  new window
30.Natanson, Maurice(1956)。The Social Dynamic of George Herbert Mead。Washington, DC：Public Affairs Press。  new window
31.Palmer, Vivien M.(1928)。Field Studies in Sociology: a Student's Manual。Chicago：The University of Chicago Press。  new window
32.Royal Anthropological Institute(1951)。Notes and Queries on Anthropology。London：Routledge。  new window
33.Spiegelberg, Herbert(1965)。The Phenomenological Movement。The Hague：Nijhoff。  new window
34.Spindler, George(1970)。Being an Anthropologist。New York：Holt, Rinehart & Winston。  new window
35.Stocking, George W. Jr.(1968)。Race, Culture, and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology。New York：Free Press。  new window
36.Weber, Max(1949)。The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism。New York：Scribner's。  new window
37.William, Thomas R.(1967)。Field Methods in the Study of Culture。New York：Holt, Rinehart and Winston。  new window
38.Znaniecki, Florian(1934)。The Method of Sociology。New York：Farrar & Rinehart。  new window
39.Crapanzano, Vincent(1980)。Tuhami: Portrait of a Moroccan。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
40.Garfinkel, Harold(1967)。Studies in Ethnomethodology。Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
41.Marcus, G. E.、Fischer, M. J.(1986)。Anthropology as Cultural Critique: an Experimental Moment in the Human Science。University of Chicago Press。  new window
42.Schütz, Alfred、Walsh, George、Lehnert, Frederick(1967)。The phenomenology of the social world。Northwestern University Press。  new window
單篇論文
1.Berreman, Gerald(1962)。Behind Many Masks: Ethnography and Impression Management in a Himalayan Village，Ithaca, NY。(No. 4)。  new window
圖書論文
1.Bruyn, Severyn T.(1970)。The New Empiricists: the Participant Observer and Phenomenologist。Qualitative Methodology: Firsthand involvement with the Social World。Chicago：Markham Publishing Company。  new window
2.Condominas, Georges(1973)。Ethics and Comfort: an Ethnographer's View of His Profession。Annual Report 1972。Washington：AAA。  new window
3.Hughes, Everett(1960)。[Field Work: Introduction to the Social Sciences] Introduction。Field Work: Introduction to the Social Sciences。Chicago：The University of Chicago Press。  new window
4.LeVine, Robert A.(1984)。Properties of Culture: an Ethnographic View。Culture Theory: Essays on Minds, Self and Emotion。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
5.Mead, Margaret(1973)。The Art and Technology of Fieldwork。A Handbook of Method in Cultural Anthropology。New York：The Natural History Press。  new window
6.Murdock, George P.(1950)。Outline of Cultural Materials。Behavior Science Outlines。New Haven：HRAF。  new window
7.Psathas, George(1968)。Ethnoscience and Ethnomethodology。Culture and Cognition: Rules, Maps, and Plans。San Francisco：Chandler。  new window
8.Schutz, Alfred(1978)。Phenomenology and the Social Sciences。Phenomenology and Sociology。New York：Penguin Books。  new window
9.Van Velsen, J.(1967)。The Extended-case Method and Situational Analysis。The Craft of Social Anthropology。London：Tavistock。  new window
10.Weber, Max(1905)。Critical Studies in the Logic of the Cultural Sciences。Max Weber on The Methodology of the Social Sciences。New York：Free Press。  new window
11.Zelditch, Morris Jr.(1970)。The Everyday World as a Phenomenon。Understanding Everyday Life。Chicago：Aldine。  new window
 
 
 
 
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