本文旨在介紹垃圾桶模式(Garbage Can Model)，並利用此一模式的主要論點來 分析我國的一些教育決策。文章首先依照理性到非理性的順序，簡單介紹行政決策的理論模 式。 其次討論垃圾桶模式所說「無政府狀態」組織 (organized anarchy) 的三個特徵及其 非理性的決策過程。「無政府狀態」組織的三個特徵為：目標模糊(problematic preferences) 、 對如何達成目標的方法不甚清楚 (unclear technology)、 流動性參與 (fluid participation)。 垃圾桶模式認為，具有上述三項特徵的組織，其決策常決定於四 股力量 (streams)， 這四股力量分別是問題 (problems)、解決方案 (solutions)、參與人 員 (participants) 和決策的機會 (opportunities)。文末並以對我國教育決策的反省做為 結語。

　　　　　This paper introduces the Garbage Can Model and uses the model to analyze some of Taiwan's educational policies and to examine some of its decision-making processes. The paper first briefly discusses three decision-making models on the basis of their degrees of rationality. Second, it describes the three major characteristics of an "organized anarchy," which is the target organization the model intends to study, and the four streams for making a decision in such an organization. The three characteristics are problematic preferences, unclear technology, and fluid participation. The four streams are problems, solutions, participants, and opportunities. Finally, a reflection on educational policy making in Taiwan is presented at the end of this paper.