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題名：女人、不潔與村寨認同：岷江上游的毒藥貓故事
書刊名：中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊
作者：王明珂 引用關係
作者(外文)：Wang, Ming-ke
出版日期：1999
卷期：70:3
頁次：頁699-738
主題關鍵詞：代罪羔羊；族群本質；認同與區分；羌族；女性；Scapegoat；Ethnicity；Identity and distinction；The Qiang；Women
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(3) 專書(6) 專書論文(2)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:30
  • 點閱點閱:69
　　　　　這一篇文章分析中國四川省西北岷江上游村寨中的毒藥貓傳說。說明女人如何在 一種孤立的村寨認同中，因外來者身分而被視為有毒的，被歸罪為某些疾疫與意外死亡的元 兇而成為代罪羔羊。我由村寨生活中的資源利用、分配與競爭，婚姻與家庭關係，分析舅權 與父權間、鄰近村寨間、「爾瑪」(我群)與「蠻子」、「漢人」間的對立。以及在此社會背景下， 貓與女人如何因破壞「家內」與「外面」的邊界而被視為有毒與危險的。透過神話、歷史與 個人經驗，村寨民眾將他們對於上游「蠻子」與下游「漢人」的敵意與異類感，化為他們對 於女人與鄰近村寨人群的敵意與異類感。如此內部的毒藥貓(女人)與外面的毒藥貓(蠻子、漢 人)互為表裡。講述毒藥貓故事，也就是由強化邊緣來確認村寨認同；這也說明為何民眾認為 「無毒不成寨」。
　　　　　This paper analyzes stories of poison cats, a wide current belief among mountain villages in the upper Min River Valley, northwestern Sichuan. Based on data gathered from within these villages, I explain why women, as outsiders in an isolated village, were believed poisonous and dangerous, and were blamed for many sudden illnesses or deaths. I start with presenting the oral data of the poison cats. Then, I proceed to explain the social background of the belief: the allotment and competition of natural resources among villages, the concept of purity in blood and in sexuality, and women's role in family and marriage. Against this background I explain that it is the fear and hostility toward outsiders of various levels that makes the purity of blood (family and village) and of sexuality important to villagers. Women coming from other families, villages, or valleys broke through the distinction of insider and outsider and brought in physical or moral barbarism; thus, they were considered dangerous, and were scapegoated for many misfortunes occurring in the society. I further suggest a theory of the mutual induction between "the inner poison cats" (neighbors, women) and "outer poison cats" (barbarians, foreigners), as both facts for and imaginations of the people, interpreting a general mode of origins of hostility and confrontation among human groups. Based on the data drawn from this case, the relationship between myth, history and personal experiences in oral tradition, and how they work together in a society, is proposed in final section.
期刊論文
1.Weller, Robert P.(1985)。Bandits, Beggars, and Ghosts: The Failure of State Control Over Religious Interpretation in Taiwan。American Ethnologist，12(1)，46-61。  new window
2.Yalman, Nur(1963)。On the Purity of Women in the Castes of Ceylon and Malabar。Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute，93(1)，25-58。  new window
3.Yalman, Nur(1963)。On the Purity of Women in the Castes of Ceylon and Malabar。Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute，93(1)，25。  new window
會議論文
1.王明珂(1997)。漢族邊緣的羌族記憶與羌族本質。臺北。129。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Ginzburg, Carlo(1983)。The Night Battles: Witchcraft and Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries。The Night Battles: Witchcraft and Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries。Baltimore。  new window
2.Girard, René(1986)。The Scapegoat。Baltimore。  new window
3.Girard, René、Gregory, Patrick(1977)。Violence and the Sacred。Baltimore：Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
4.Girard, René、Freccero, Yvonne(1986)。The Scapegoat。Baltimore, MD：The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
5.Douglas, Mary(1996)。Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo。London。  new window
6.Elias, Norbert、Scotson, John L.(1994)。The Established and the Outsiders: A Sociological Enquiry into Community Problems。Sage Publications。  new window
7.Girard, René、Gregory, Patrick(1977)。Violence and the Sacred。Baltimore：The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
8.Bourdieu, Pierre(1984)。Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste。Harvard University Press。  new window
9.Obeyesekere, Gananath(1992)。The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in the Pacific。Princeton：Princeton University Press。  new window
10.Sahlins, Marshall D.(1981)。Historical Metaphors and Mythical Realities: Structure in the Early History of the Sandwich Islands Kingdom。Ann Arbor：The University of Michigan Press。  new window
11.Boserup, Ester(1970)。Woman's Role in Economic Development。New York：St. Martin's Press。  new window
12.(0)。羌族故事集。羌族故事集。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
13.Briggs, Robin(1996)。Witches and Neighbors。Witches and Neighbors。New York, NY。  new window
14.Ginzburg, Carlo(1983)。The Night Battles: Witchcraft and Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries。The Night Battles: Witchcraft and Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries。Baltimore, MD。  new window
15.Girard, Rene(1987)。Generative Scapegoating。Violent Origins。Stanford。  new window
16.Girard, Rene(1987)。Discussion。Violent Origins。Stanford。  new window
17.Goody, Jack(1976)。Production and Reproduction: A Comparative Study of the Domestic Domain。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
18.Rosalso, Renato(1987)。Anthropological Commentary。Violent Origins。Stanford。  new window
19.王明珂(1999)。根基歷史—羌族的弟兄故事。時間、歷史與記憶。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
20.Briggs, Robin(1996)。Witches and Neighbors。Witches and Neighbors。New York。  new window
21.Elias, Norbert(1994)。The Established and the Qutsiders: A Sociological Enquiry into Community Problems。The Established and the Qutsiders: A Sociological Enquiry into Community Problems。London。  new window
22.Girard, René(1987)。Generative Scapegoating。Violent Origins。Stanford。  new window
23.Goody, Jack(1976)。Production and Reproduction: A Comparative Study of the Domestic Domain。Production and Reproduction: A Comparative Study of the Domestic Domain。Cambridge。  new window
24.Rosalso, Renato(1987)。Anthropological Commentary。Violent Origins。Stanford。  new window
25.Girard, René(1987)。Discussion。Violent Origins。Stanford。  new window
圖書論文
1.王明珂(1997)。漢族邊緣的羌族記憶與羌族本質。從周邊看漢人的社會與文化--王崧興先生紀念論文集。臺北：中央研究院民族學研究所。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Ahern, Emily Martin(1975)。The Power and Pollution of Chinese Women。Women in Chinese Society。Stanford, California：Stanford University Press。  new window
3.王明珂(1999)。根基歷史--羌族的弟兄故事。時間、歷史與記憶。臺北：中央研究院民族學研究所。new window  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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