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題名：臺灣、美國與日本社會流動的結構分析
書刊名：臺灣社會學刊
作者：蔡瑞明 引用關係
作者(外文)：Tsay, Ruey-ming
出版日期：1999
卷期：22
頁次：頁83-125
主題關鍵詞：社會流動；社會階級；相對流動；絕對流動；跨國比較；Social mobility；Social class；Social structure；Absolute mobility；Relative mobility
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(5) 博士論文(3) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:188
  • 點閱點閱:145
本研究是針對社會流動的一個跨國比較的嘗試。社會流動研究的主要焦點是在探求上下兩代間資源與地位傳承的相關程度。基本上，社會階級的流動程度與社會結構的開放性是相對的。社會學家並沒有一個固定又清楚的指標來測量社會流動，特別是社會結構的開放和封閉程度。為了進一步瞭解台灣近三、四十年快速發展中所展現出社會結構的特殊性，尤其是經濟發展對社會結構的影響，本研究蒐集美國與日本社會流動資料，從事國際間的比較，希望能得出台灣社會流動與其它已開發國家的差異性及相似性。本研究試圖利用最近發展出來的對數線性與對數相乘的模型(Log­multiplicative models)的計量分析方法來解析代間的社會流動的關連結構， 並驗證Featherman-Jones-Hauser(FJH)的工業化與社會流動之關係與工業化國家社會流動匯合的假設。在跨社會的比較上，本研究採取直接的比較，利用對數線性與對數相乘模型分析比較三個社會的社會流動模式，透過設定參數的限制與調整，從事詳細的比較分析。本研究是以1990年代的台灣，與1970年代的美國與日本相比較。在絕對流動方面，台灣的流動情況相當接近於日本社會。在自營業方面，台灣的比例比兩國來的高。但是，這種絕對的流動差異並沒有顯現在相對流動的分析上，實際的結果顯示三個國家的相對流動比例非常接近。這種結果某種程度支持FJH所提的工業化相對流動匯合的論點。
This is a cross-national study of social mobility. Social mobility research aims to understand the process of class transmission between generations. Nevertheless, the patterns of social mobility are relational and transitional. There is no definite measurement in sociological research for determining the openness and closure of the social structure. Sociologists often rely on comparative studies among societies to measure the fluidityof a specific society. To understand Taiwan's social mobility regime, this study aims to compare the intergenerational mobility in Taiwan, the United States, and Japan. In order to highlight the special characteristics of Taiwan's social structure, in particular, its mobility pattern, this research employs log-linear and log-multiplicative models to fit the mobility tables of these three societies﹒In particular, this paper tests the Featherman-Jones-Hauser (FJH) hypothesis, the relationship between industrialization and social mobility and the convergence of social mobility patterns among industrialized nations, with these three cases. The study is based on the datasets from a Taiwanese survey in 1990s, and from Japanese and American surveys in 1970s. The results show that Taiwan's absolute mobility pattern resembles Japanese one rather than that of the United States. However, in terms of relative mobility patterns, these three countries do not have significant differences among them, which to some extent supports the FJH hypothesis.
期刊論文
1.蔡明璋(19940600)。地區家庭收入的決定因素 : 區域階層化的初步分析。人文及社會科學集刊，6(2)，231-256。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.許嘉猷(19901200)。臺灣的階級流動及其與美國的一些比較。中國社會學刊，14，1-30。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.薛承泰(19940600)。影響學位取得的家庭因素--中美跨國比較之研究。國立臺灣大學社會學刊，23，217-252。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Ganzeboom, Harry B. G.、Luijkx, Ruud、Treiman, Donald J.(1989)。Intergenerational Class Mobility in Comparative Perspective。Research in Social Stratification and Mobility，8，3-84。  new window
5.Erikson, Robert、Goldthorpe, John H.、Portocarero, Lucienne(1979)。Intergenerational Class Mobility in Three Western European Societies: England, France and Sweden。The British Journal of Sociology，30(4)，415-441。  new window
6.Hazelrigg, L. E.、Gamier, M. A.(1976)。Occupational mobility in industrial societies: A comparative analysis of differential access to occupational ranks in seventeen countries。American Sociological Review，41(3)，498-511。  new window
7.Bielby, W. T.(1981)。Models of Status Attainment。Research in Social Stratification and Mobility，1，3-26。  new window
8.Duncan, O. D.(1979)。How destination depends on origin in the occupational mobility table。American Journal of Sociology，84(4)，793-803。  new window
9.Tam, Tony(1997)。Sex Segregation and Occupational Gender Inequality in The United States: Devaluation or Specialized Training?。American Journal of Sociology，102(6)，1652-1692。  new window
10.Wright, E. O.、Perrone, L.(1977)。Marxist Class Categories and Income Inequality。American Sociological Review，42(1)，32-55。  new window
11.瞿海源(19830600)。勞力市場與出身對成就之影響。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，53，133-153。  延伸查詢new window
12.蔡淑鈴、文崇一(19861200)。性別與社會流動 : 臺灣之實徵研究。中央研究院民族學研究所集刊，60，121-147。  延伸查詢new window
13.謝國雄(19890600)。黑手變頭家--臺灣製造業中的階級流動。臺灣社會研究季刊，2(2)，11-54。new window  延伸查詢new window
14.謝雨生、余淑(女宣)(19901200)。臺灣的社會階級結構及其流動。中國社會學刊，14，31-63。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.許嘉猷(19870500)。臺灣的階級結構。中國社會學刊，11，25-60。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.Sobel, Michael E.(1983)。Structural Mobility, Circulation Mobility, and the Analysis of Occupational Mobility: A Conceptual Mismatch。American Sociological Review，48，721-727。  new window
17.Hout, Michael、Sobel, Michael E.、Duncan, Otis Dudley(1985)。Exchange, Structure, and Symmetry in Occupational Mobility。American Sociological Review，91，359-372。  new window
18.Breiger, Ronald L.(1981)。The Social Class Structure of Occupational Mobility。American Journal of Sociology，87，578-611。  new window
19.Goldthorpe, John H.(1985)。On Economic Development and Social Mobility。British Journal of Sociology，36，549-573。  new window
20.Mosakowski, Elaine、Carroll, Glenn R.(1987)。The Career Dynamics of Self-Employment。Administrative Science Quarterly，32，570-589。  new window
21.DiPrete, Thomas A.、Grusky, David B.(1990)。Structure and Trend in the Process of Stratification for American Men and Women。American Journal of Sociology，96，107-143。  new window
22.DiPrete, Thomas A.、Nonnemaker, K. Lynn(1997)。Structural Change, Labor Market Turbulence, and Labor Market Outcomes。American Sociological Review，62，386-404。  new window
23.Erikson, Robert、Goldthorpe, John H.(1985)。Are American Rates of Social Mobility Exceptionally High? New Evidence on an Old Issue。European Sociological Review，1，1-22。  new window
24.Erikson, Robert、Goldthorpe, John H.(1987)。Communality and Variation in Social Fluidity in Industrial Nations, Part I。European Sociological Review，3，54-77。  new window
25.Erikson, Robert、Goldthorpe, John H.(1987)。Communality and Variation in Social Fluidity in Industrial Nations, Part II。European Sociological Review，3，145-166。  new window
26.Featherman, David L.、Jones, F. Lancaster、Hauser, Robert M.(1975)。Assumptions of Social Mobility Research in the U. S.: The Case of Occupational Status。Social Science Research，4，329-360。  new window
27.Goodman, Leo A.(1981)。Criteria for Determining Whether Certain Categories in a Cross-Classification Table Should Be Combined。American Journal of Sociology，87(3)，612-650。  new window
28.Hauser, Robert M.、Grusky, David B.(1984)。Comparative Social Mobility Revisited: Models of Convergence and Divergence in 16 Countries。American Sociological Review，49(1)，19-38。  new window
29.Hauser, Robert M.(1978)。A Structural Model of the Mobility Table。Social Forces，56，919-953。  new window
30.Hauser, Robert M.(1984)。Vertical Class Mobility in England, France, and Sweden。Acta Sociologica，27(2)，87-110。  new window
31.Hauser, Robert M.、Grusky, David B.(1988)。Cross-National Variation in Occupational Distributions, Relative Mobility Chances and Intergenerational Shifts in Occupational Distributions。American Sociological Review，53，723-741。  new window
32.Goldthorpe, John H.、Ishida, Hiroshi、Erikson, Robert(1991)。Intergenerational Class Mobility in Post-War Japan。American Journal of Sociology，96，945-992。  new window
33.Goldthorpe, John H.、Ishida, Hiroshi、Erikson, Robert(1989)。Class Structure and Status Hierarchies in Contemporary Japan。European Sociological Review，5，65-80。  new window
34.蔡瑞明(1996)。龍鳳配對？－臺灣夫妻間教育與階級的關係。行政院國家科學委員會研究彙刊：人文及社會科學，6(2)，258-277。  延伸查詢new window
35.Vanneman, Reeve(1977)。The Occupational Composition of American Classes: Results from Cluster Analysis。American Journal of Sociology，82，783-807。  new window
36.Wong, Raymond Sin-Kwok(1990)。Understanding Cross-National Variation in Occupational Mobility。American Sociological Review，55，560-573。  new window
37.Wong, Raymond Sin-Kwok(1992)。Vertical and Nonvertical Effects in Class Mobility: Cross-National Variations。American Sociological Review，57，396-410。  new window
38.Wright, Erik Olin、Martin, Bill(1987)。The Transformation of the American Class Structure, 1960-1980。American Sociological Review，93，1-29。  new window
39.Wright, Erik Olin、Singelmann, Joachim(1982)。Proletarianization in the Changing American Class Structure。American Journal of Sociology，88，176-209。  new window
40.Yamaguchi, Kazuo(1987)。Model for Mobility Tables: Toward Parsimony and Substance。American Sociological Review，52，482-494。  new window
會議論文
1.張晉芬(1991)。男女工資決定因素的差異及對台灣產業發展政策的啟示。勞工政策與社會發展研討會。台北：行政院勞委會。25-52。  延伸查詢new window
2.Koo, Hagen(1994)。The Middle Classes in the East Asian Newly Industrialized Societies: Issues, Preliminary Findings, and Future Questions。Taipei。  new window
3.So, Alvin、Hsiao, H. H. Michael(1994)。The Making of the Middle Classes in East Asia: Some Tentative Hypotheses。Taipei。  new window
4.Wu, Nai-Te(1994)。Social Attitudes of the New Middle Class in Taiwan: a Preliminary Report。0。  new window
研究報告
1.瞿海源(1992)。台灣地區社會變遷基本調查計劃：第二期第三次調查計劃執行報告 (計畫編號：NSC 81-0301-H-001-504-B1)。臺北：中央研究院民族學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Wright, Erik Olin(1985)。Classes。New York, NY：New Left Books。  new window
2.Parkin, Frank(1971)。Class Inequality and Political Order: Social Stratification in Capitalist and Communist Societies。New York, NY：Praeger Publishers, Inc.。  new window
3.Sugimoto, Yoshio、Mouer, Ross(1986)。Images of Japanese Society: A Study in the Social Construction of Reality。London, UK：Kegan Paul International。  new window
4.蕭新煌(1989)。變遷中的臺灣社會的中產階級。臺北：巨流圖書公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.Giddens, Anthony(1973)。The class structure of the advanced societies。London, UK：New York, NY：Hutchinson：Harper & Row。  new window
6.Erikson, Robert、Goldthorpe, John H.(1992)。The Constant Flux: A Study of Class Mobility in Industrial Societies。Oxford：Clarendon Press。  new window
7.Ishida, H.(1993)。Social Mobility in Contemporary Japan。Stanford：Stanford University Press。  new window
8.Goldthorpe, J. H.、Llewellyn, Catriona、Payne, Clive(1987)。Social Mobility and Class Structure in Modern Britain。Oxford：Clarendon press。  new window
9.Goodman, Leo A.(1984)。The Analysis of Cross-Classified Data Having Ordered Categories。Cambridge, Mass：Harvard University Press。  new window
10.Agresti, A.(1984)。Analysis of Ordinal Categorical Data。New York：John Wiley & Sons。  new window
11.Treiman, D. J.(1977)。Occupational prestige in comparative perspective。New York：Academic Press。  new window
12.Blau, Peter Michael、Duncan, Otis Dudley(1967)。The American Occupational Structure。New York：John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
13.Nakane, Chie(1970)。Japanese Society。University of California Press。  new window
14.許嘉猷(1994)。階級結構與階級意識比較研究論文集。中央研究院歐美研究所。  延伸查詢new window
15.柯志明(1993)。臺灣都市小型製造業的創業、經營與生產組織：以五分埔成衣製造業為案例的分析。中央研究院民族學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
16.Featherman, David L.、Hauser, Robert M.(1978)。Opportunity and Change。New York：Academic Books。  new window
17.Agresti, Alan(1990)。Categorical Data Analysis。John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
18.許嘉猶(1994)。階級結構的分類，定位與估計：臺灣與美國實證研究之比較。階級結構與階級意識比較研究論文集。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
19.Breiger, Ronald L.(1982)。A Structural Analysis of Occupational Mobility。Social Structure and Network Analysis。Beverly Hills, CA。  new window
20.村上泰亮(1984)。新中間大眾の時代。新中間大眾の時代。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
21.蔡淑鈴(1986)。職業地位結構：臺灣地區的變遷研究。臺灣社會與文化變遷，上冊。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
22.金田高俊(1989)。社會階層の政治。社會階層の政治。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
23.直井優、盛山和夫(1990)。現代日本の階層結構：社會階層の結構の過程。現代日本の階層結構：社會階層の結構の過程。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
24.富永健一(1979)。日本の階層結構。日本の階層結構。日本，東京。  延伸查詢new window
25.Breiger, Ronald L.(1990)。Intermediate Classes and Social Structure。Social Mobility and Social Structure。Cambridge。  new window
26.(1967)。Aspects of Social Change in Modern Japan。Aspects of Social Change in Modern Japan。Princeton, NJ。  new window
27.Fukutake, Tadashi(1989)。The Japanese Social Structure: Its Evolution in the Modern Century。The Japanese Social Structure: Its Evolution in the Modern Century。Tokyo, Japan。  new window
28.Hauser, Robert M.(1979)。Some Exploratory Methods for Modeling Mobility Tables and Other Cross-Classified Data。Sociological Methodology。San Francisco, CA。  new window
29.(1989)。Taiwan: A Newly Industrialized State。Taiwan: A Newly Industrialized State。Taipei。  new window
30.Kerr, Clark(1983)。The Future of Industrial Societies。The Future of Industrial Societies。Cambridge, MA。  new window
31.Meyers, C. A.、Dunlop, John T.、Kerr, Clark、Harbison, F. H.(1973)。Industrialism and Industrial Man。Industrialism and Industrial Man。Cambridge, MA。  new window
32.Newby, Howard、Rose, David、Marshall, Gordon、Vogler, Carolyn(1988)。Social Mobility in Modern Britain。Social Mobility in Modern Britain。London, UK。  new window
33.Steven, R.(1983)。Classes in Contemporary Japan。Classes in Contemporary Japan。Cambridge。  new window
34.Sorenson, Aage(1986)。Theory and Methodology in Social Stratification。The Sociology of Structure and Action。Beverly Hills。  new window
35.Weber, Max(1978)。Status Groups and Classes, in Economy and Society。Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology。Berkeley。  new window
圖書論文
1.許嘉猷(1982)。出身與成就：台灣地區的實證研究。社會科學整合論文集。台北：中央研究院三民主義研究所。  延伸查詢new window
2.蔡瑞明(1997)。「對數線性模型」與「對數相乘模型」的發展與運用：以社會流動為例。社會科學計量方法發展與應用。臺北：中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
3.Treiman, Donald J.(1970)。Industrialization and Social Stratification。Social stratification: Research and theory for the 1970s。Indianapolis, IN：Bobbs-Merrill。  new window
4.吳乃德(1994)。階級認知與階級認同：比較瑞典、美國、臺灣，和兩個階級架構。階級結構與階級意識比較研究論文集。中央研究院歐美研究所。  延伸查詢new window
5.蕭新煌(1994)。新中產階級與資本主義：台灣、美國與瑞典的初步比較。階級結構與階級意識比較研究論文集。臺北：中央研究院歐美研究所。  延伸查詢new window
6.Lipset, Seymour M.、Zetteberg, Hans L.(1959)。Social Mobility in Industrial Societies。Social Mobility in Industrial Society。Berkeley：University of California Press。  new window
7.蔡瑞明(1997)。台灣階級結構變遷與社會流動。九〇年代的臺灣社會。臺北：中央研究院社會學研究所籌備處。  延伸查詢new window
8.蔡淑鈴(1988)。社會地位取得：山地、閩客及外省之比較。變遷中的台灣社會：第一次社會變遷基本調查資料的分析。臺北：中央研究院民族學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
9.許嘉猷(1989)。The Class Structure in Taiwan and Its Changes。Taiwan: A Newly Industrialized State。Taipei：Department of Sociology, National Taiwan University。  new window
 
 
 
 
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