恤貧濟困是我國傳統善舉之一,慈善組織是恤貧濟困的主要表現方式。清代慈善組織的建立、經營和發展都是官民共同合作的結果,並隨著社會形勢的變化而呈現不同的趨勢。晚清,因煙臺開埠通商,膠東地區慈善組織的官民互動既有以上海為代表的江南慈善組織開放性特徵,又兼具華北內陸地區保守之特性。因此,通過對膠東慈善組織中官民互動的研究,不但可以概見清代慈善組織發展的脈絡變化,更能從晚清地方慈善組織的變化中看出不同地域的慈善組織因各地情況之不同而呈現出的不同特色。

Poverty alleviation is one of the traditional charities in China. Charity organizations are a main manifestation of poverty alleviation. The establishment,operation and development of the charity organizations in the Qing dynasty were the result of the cooperation between the officials and the civilians,which changed with the changes of the times. In the late Qing dynasty,because Yantai opened its trading port,interaction between the officials and the civilians in charity organizations in Jiaodong had the feature of opening to the outside world represented by charity organizations in the south of the Yangtze River,especially those in Shanghai,and the feature of conservativeness of the charity organizations in the inland of north China. Thus,the study of the interaction between the officials and the civilians in charity organizations in Jiaodong in the late Qing dynasty will reveal their historical changes and development as well as their typical local features.