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題名:傑出科學家及藝術家之比對研究
書刊名:教育與心理研究
作者:陳昭儀 引用關係
作者(外文):Chen, Chao-yi
出版日期:2003
卷期:26:2
頁次:頁199-225
主題關鍵詞:科學家藝術家人格特質創造歷程專業生涯歷程ScientistsArtistsPersonalityCreative processProfessional careers
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(3) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:1
  • 共同引用共同引用:56
  • 點閱點閱:56
本研究乃邀請五位傑出理化科學家及六位表演藝術家成為研究參與者,經由深度訪談及蒐集其相關文件的方式進行複式個案研究,據以分析比對傑出科學家及藝術家之人格特質、創造歷程以及專業生涯歷程,試圖找出此兩種專業之相同點與殊異點。 (一)人格特質之比對 藝術家與科學家之相同特質為具有專注力、認真執著、變通性、創新性以及不斷學習的精神;在殊異特質方面,國內及西方的研究結果頗具一致性,科學家的特質多半為具有理性的思考特性,而藝術家則以情緒性特質居多。 (二)創造歷程之比對 在進行比對國內科學家與藝術家的創作歷程中,可發現該二領域中具傑出成就者對於尋找和發現欲解決的新問題都具有極強的動機;然其最大之殊異點為科學家是透過理性的邏輯思考歷程建立科學的新結構與秩序,而藝術家則經由感性的主體精神抒發以及理性的客觀條件與技術配合,在長時間的醞釀與粹煉下交揉成藝術的新精神。 (三)專業生涯歷程及環境影響因素之比對 科學家與藝術家之專業生涯歷程及環境影響因素之殊異點以下列四點進行比對:家庭環境之影響、啟蒙階段、定向發展階段、學習場所。而二者之共通點為他們對工作皆抱持有高度的承諾與熱誠;在專業生涯的學習歷程中皆遇到貴人、良人、益友之引導;大多在匱乏環境中引動起追求突破與卓越的企圖心。
Participants consisted of five distinguished scientists and six performing artists. The case study was characterized by in-depth interviews and documentation collection so as to analyze and compare personality, the creative process, and professional careers between distinguished scientists and artists and therefore pinpoint differences and similarities between the two groups. Personality Artists and scientists shared some traits, such as concentration, perseverance, flexibility, creativity and working hard. In the case of unique traits, as revealed by domestic and studies abroad, most scientists’ traits involved thinking, whereas artists’ are emotion-based. Creativity Process In their creative process, both groups demonstrated great motivation for raising new problems and searching for answers. Their differences were found in the process when problems developed. More specifically, while scientists employed rational and logical thinking and hence constructed new scientific structures and order, artists resorted on the one hand to sensation for spiritual outlet and combined this with rational, objective requirements to achieve new artistic spirit on the other. Professional Careers and Environments With respect to professional careers, they differed in the following areas:familial influences, head-start education, orientation and learning places. Despite the above group discrepancies, they had something in common. To illustrate, both showed high enthusiasm and dedication, had mentors for support, and most important developed their resolutions for breakthroughs and ambitions in adversity.
Other
1.Amabile, Teresa M.(1982)。The Social Psychology of Creativity,Springer-Verlag。  new window
期刊論文
1.Busse, T. V.、Mansfield, R. S.(1981)。Theories of the creative process: A review and perspective。The Journal of Creative Behavior,14(2),91-133。  new window
2.Herzberg, F.(1987)。Innovation: Where is the relish。The Journal of Creative Behavior,21(3),179-192。  new window
3.陳昭儀(20000400)。傑出理化科學家之人格特質及創造歷程之研究。師大學報.科學教育類,45(1),27-45。  延伸查詢new window
4.陳昭儀、楊慧君(20010600)。傑出理化科學家進行科學研究歷程之探討。資優教育研究,1(1),111-128。  延伸查詢new window
5.Walberg, H. J.、Stariha, Winifred E.(1992)。Productive human capital: Learning, creativity, and eminence。Creativity Research Journal,5(4),323-340。  new window
6.葉玉珠(20000800)。「創造力發展的生態系統模式」及其應用於科技與資訊領域之內涵分析。教育心理學報,32(1),95-121。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.陳昭儀(20011200)。傑出表演藝術家個人特質之研究。資優教育研究,1(2),1-21。  延伸查詢new window
8.丁興祥(1992)。中國文學家的個人因素與其傑出程度之關係:一種結構方程式模型分析。應用心理學報,1,21-37。  延伸查詢new window
9.Gruber, H. E.(1996)。Book Review。Journal of Creative Behavior,30(3),213-229。  new window
10.Rudowicz, E.、Yue, X.(2000)。Concepts of creativity: Similarities and differences among Mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan。The Journal of Creative Behavior,34(3),175-192。  new window
11.Segal, S. M.、Busse, T. V.、Mansfield, R. S.(1980)。The relationship of scientific creativity in the biological sciences to predoctoral accomplishments and experiences。American Educational Research Journal,17(4),491-502。  new window
研究報告
1.丁興祥(1990)。當中國傑出創造及領導人才的實徵研究:思想家的社會文化背景與其傑出成就的關係。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
2.丁興祥(1991)。中國傑出創造及領導人才的實徵研究。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
3.丁興祥(1997)。當代中國傑出人物成長時期的社會關係與環境。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
4.丁興祥(2001)。當代傑出科技人才創造發展的社會環境。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
5.丁興祥(2001)。當代傑出藝術人才創造發展的社會環境:一種傳記資料分析。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
6.丁興祥(2002)。創造力實踐歷程研究-子計劃VIII:當代臺灣傑出創業家的成長環境與創業發展研究。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
7.吳明雄(1995)。我國發展人相關能力及性向與發明方法之研究。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
8.林幸台(1999)。傑出科學家創造力特性及開發之研究-歷史角度之探討。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
9.洪榮昭(2001)。高科技電子產業研發人員之團隊創造研究。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
10.陳昭儀(1999)。傑出科學家創造力特性及開發之研究-理化領域。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
11.陳昭儀(2000)。「承傳統、開新局」之藝術家的創造與生涯歷程之研究。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
12.陳昭儀(2001)。文藝獎得主之人格特質、創造歷程及生涯發展之研究(I)。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
13.盧台華、鄭湧涇(1999)。傑出科學家創造力特性及其開發之研究-生物領域。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Gardner, Howard(1973)。The arts and human development。New York:John Wiley and sons。  new window
2.Barron, F.(1969)。Creative person and creative process。New York:Holt, Rinehart & Winston。  new window
3.Csikszentmihalyi, M.(1996)。Creativity: Flow and Psychology of Discovery and Invention。New York:Harper Collins Publishers。  new window
4.Gardner, H. E.(1993)。Creating Minds: An anatomy of creativity seen through the lives of Freud, Einstein, Picasso, Stravinsky, Eliot, Graham, and Gandhi。New York:Basic Books。  new window
5.Piirto, J.(1992)。Understanding those who create。Ohio Psychology Press。  new window
6.Bloom, B. S.、Sosniak, L. A.(1985)。Developing talent in young people。New York:Ballantine Books。  new window
7.Davis, G. A.(1986)。Creativity is forever。Dubuque, IA:Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company。  new window
8.Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly、杜明城(1999)。創造力。臺北:時報文化。  延伸查詢new window
9.Cattell, Raymond B.(1965)。The scientific analysis of personality。Baltimore, Maryland:Penguin Books。  new window
10.吳靜吉(2001)。「創造力教育政策白皮書」計畫子計畫-「國際創造力教育發展趨勢」專案報告。「創造力教育政策白皮書」計畫子計畫-「國際創造力教育發展趨勢」專案報告。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
11.陳昭儀(1991)。二十位傑出發明的生涯路。二十位傑出發明的生涯路。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
12.詹志禹(2001)。「創造力教育政策白皮書」計畫子計畫-「我國小學教育階段創造力教育政策」規畫報告。「創造力教育政策白皮書」計畫子計畫-「我國小學教育階段創造力教育政策」規畫報告。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
13.Cox, C. M.(1992)。The Early Mental Traits of 300 Geniuses。Genius and Eminence。England。  new window
14.MacKinnon, D. W.(1965)。What makes a person creative。Contemporary readings in general psychology。Boston, MA。  new window
15.Roe, A.(1970)。A psychologist examines sixty-four eminent scientists。Creativity。Middlesex, UK。  new window
16.Simonton, D. K.(1997)。When Giftedness becomes Genius: How does Talent Achieve Eminence。Handbook of Gifted Education。London, UK。  new window
17.Szekely, L.(1987)。The initiation of creative process and oedipal challenge。The initiation of creative process and oedipal challenge。沒有紀錄。  new window
18.Taylor, C. W.、Ellison, R. L.(1970)。Prediction of creativity with the biographical inventory。Creativity。Middlesex, UK。  new window
19.Torrance, E. P.、Gowan, J. C.、Khatena, J.(1981)。Creativity: Its educational implications。Dubuque, IA:Kendall & Hunt Publishing Company。  new window
20.Zuckerman, H.(1992)。The scientific elite: Nobel laureates' mutual influence。Genius and eminence。England。  new window
其他
1.Freeman(1992)。培育創造力,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Gruber, H. E.(1986)。The self-construction of the extraordinary。Conceptions of giftedness。New York, NY:Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.Csikszentmihályi, M.(1990)。The Domain of Creativity。Theories of Creativity。Newbury Park, California:Sage。  new window
3.Lubart, T. I.(1999)。Creativity across cultures。Handbook of Creativity。Cambridge。  new window
4.Policastro, E.、Gardner, H.(1999)。From case studies to robust generalizations: An approach to the study of creativity。Handbook of Creativity。Cambridge University Press。  new window
5.Feist, G. J.(1999)。The influence of personality on artistic and scientific creativity。Handbook of Creativity。Cambridge University Press。  new window
6.Tardif, T. Z.、Sternberg, R. J.(1988)。What Do We Know About Creativity?。The Nature of Creativity: Contemporary Psychological Perspectives。Cambridge University Press。  new window
7.Albert, R. S.(1992)。Toward a Behavioral Definition of Genius。Genius and Eminence。Pergamon Press Ltd.。  new window
8.Sternberg, R. J.(1991)。Giftedness According to the Triarchic Theory of Human Intelligence。Handbook of Gifted Education。Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc.。  new window
 
 
 
 
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