本文考察歷來對於儒者出仕形象與特質的塑造，及其記載在《禮記．儒行》裡的轉變與繼承之意義。討論儒者與政治之間的連繫，除了由內在理路、思想脈絡的延續與開展中探索，外在的環境、思潮其實也影響著儒者。出仕儒者形象的塑造與變遷，和儒者群體在政治場域興起有關。孔孟時期的儒者未必能對政治產生實質上的效益，但是，他們的理想在知識份子裡逐漸地產生影響。〈儒行〉篇的作者藉由儒者形象特質與行為準則作一規範，為擺盪在社會群體裡產生自我矛盾的知識份子找尋一定位。本文首先，將由孔孟對於儒者在「道與仕」，即「理想與實踐」，如何調和、討論中觀察其理想出仕者以及理想的出仕。其次，藉由上述「道與仕」的脈絡，進一步綜合比較〈儒行〉篇的撰作者(儒者)是如何從孔孟理想裡和當時代實際踐履中做一重整與延續。另外，屈萬里、葉國良、胡楚生諸位學者，曾指出此篇文章已非孔孟時所作，因此其中所載的儒者形象也異於孔孟之理想，此處恰巧可加以比較，一窺儒者形象的轉化，及其可能的發展。

This article will discuss the politics image of the Confucian scholars and their inherent qualities. Then the author will discuss Confucian scholars' image in Ru Shing from the Book of Rites to find out the changes and development of these scholars. It is found that not only the inner thoughts but also the social environment changed, which affected the Confucian scholars who involved in politics. It was possible that Confucian scholars at that time did not have any actual help to politics, but their ideal brought impact on politics. The author of Ru Shing in the Book of Rites described that a scholar should have certain image, qualities and standards of conduct, and other regulations as the standard. This way, Confucian scholars would easily find their life direction, especially when they lived in a turbulent society.