Agricultural production of Taiwan accounted for 27.95 percent of GDP in 1960s, the proportion in 40 years, gradually decline to only 1.64% of gross production, and agricultural population accounts for all proportion of the working population reduce to 5.3% in 2010, shows that Taiwan's agricultural is facing multiple hardships, including living conditions, job opportunities, farming techniques, and the work proceeds in rural areas, cause the decreasing of the proportion that rural residents willing to engaged in agriculture, and the life satisfaction and happiness of rural residents. This study aims to understand the current status about the sense of happiness of Taiwanese rural residents. Starting from the surrounding rural areas of large rural settlements (Hu-Wei town), explore how the farmer's personal background variables and external factors effect to the farmer's sense of happiness first, and, than compare and discuss various levels about farmer's satisfaction. through compiled the relevant literatures about basic theories of sense of happiness in domestic and foreign countries, designed the questionnaire about sense of happiness. By using the way of convenience sampling, doing the questionnaire research in 16 villeges of non-urban planning areas in Hu-Wei town, through statistical descriptive analysis, independent sample t-test, single-factor analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA), reliability analysis reliability and validity analysis validity and other methods of statistical analysis. The results of this study show that in nine of those 16 villages, respondents were more satisfied with the field of education, community relations, security.