Comparing to parental role in the family which is demanding, children’s role in the family has been identified as offspring who should be cared and guided. In the past, children won’t be expected to fulfill filial responsibilities until they reach adulthood. However, even young children can take responsibilities to parents. 5th and 6th graders (N = 709) completed questionnaires on “Geographic background”, “Filial responsibility” and “Children’s well-being”. Geographic background includes gender, birth order, family structure and family SES. Filial responsibility assessed both level of perceived parental filial expectation and frequency of filial conducts. Four domains of satisfaction (life, family, self and learning) were assessed as indicators of children’s well-being. Five components of filial responsibility were identified in this study, which were “Independence and discipline”, “Active communication”, “Consideration “, “Informing whereabouts” and “Knowledge sharing”. Results showed that perceived parental filial expectation and children’s filial conducts were both above middle degree. Perceived parental filial expectation and filial conducts were significantly correlated. The more parental filial expectation was, the more filial conducts were. Hierarchical regressions showed that filial conducts played a more important role in predicting children’s well-being, comparing to parental filial expectation. Moreover, “Active communication” was the significant predictors for four domains of children’s well-being. “Independence and discipline” significantly predicted children’s satisfaction on “life”, “self”, and “learning” domains. Finally, “Knowledge sharing” was an important factors for increasing children’s satisfaction on learning domain.