The design principles of life curriculum and for writing textbooks are three: (1) based on the idea of “children as active learners”, (2) cultivating the key competencies of the life curriculum, and (3) employing multi-symbolic system during exploring activities and expanding the multi-faceted meaning of objects. Textbooks thus present the characteristics of the teaching orientation of the teacher’s scaffolding of pupils’ learning, and the process of pupils’ inquiry learning. These are converged with the current world trend of the textbook designing-learner-centered approach. The national curriculum of 12-year Basic Education is competency-based, and has two main features, which are life-long learning and seeking after students’ learning outcomes. Beside fulfilling “learner-centered approach”, three design principles of textbooks of the competency-based life curriculum are emphasized: (1) designing a summative task for a thematic unit or a subunit, (2) strengthening the learning assessment role of the worksheets, and distinguishing the assessments as formative and summative ones, and (3) creating the rubrics for summative assessments and the performance of summative tasks, and putting in the teachers’ teaching guide.